外磁场作用下的射频等离子体鞘层

采用流体近似和迁移－扩散近似分别研究了外磁场作用下射频等离子体的离子和电子动力学。特别指出了外磁场对鞘层中离子通量和能量分布的支配作用。     

Structures and magnetic properties of Fe-Si-O films RF-sputtered in a high magnetic field

We have investigated the effects of high magnetic fields on the microstructures and magnetic properties of Fe-Si-O films deposited by RF sputtering. Three typical sample appearances, hole-in-center, phase-separation and hybridization were obtained for the Fe-Si-O films prepared in the oxygen-argon flow ratio V_O2/V_total＜1.0%, magnetic field B_appl≤1.0 T regime, indicating that not only the distribution of plasma but also the angular distribution of sputtered atoms are influenced by a high magnetic field. In the oxygen-argon flow ratio V_O2/V_total＞2.0%, magnetic field B_appl≥2.0 T regime, strong (110) orientation of Fe₃O₄ grains and larger remanence and coercivity measured in the direction normal to the film plane appeared in the Fe-Si-O films. This result indicates that the high magnetic fields not only orient the Fe-Si-O film but also induce remarkable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy during the deposition.     

永磁非金属液体电磁泵磁场数值分析

将电磁泵体求解场域按二维平面场处理,考虑了外磁场对永磁体的磁化效应,用有限元法对永磁非金属液体电磁泵的磁场进行了数值分析,得到了该电磁泵气隙中的磁密曲线以及载流海水在气隙中流动所受到的电磁力.实验证明该数值分析的结果是准确的,这些数据为永磁非金属液体电磁泵的设计和应用提供了可靠依据,同时也说明了可用永磁体代替价格昂贵的超导磁体应用于非金属液体电磁泵的磁极设计.图7,参7.     

螺线管磁场分布特征及应用

加磁切削可以大大减少刀具磨损，有必要研究切削区空间磁感应强度的分布状况。本文给出单线圈、单层密绕线圈和多层密绕线圈近轴任意点处磁感应强度分布系列化计算公式。推导过程没有采用传统的完全椭圆积分，而是直接利用毕奥一萨伐尔定津得出结论。方法简单，便于对此类磁场进行计算机辅助分析。     

Three-dimensional magnetic field topology in a region of solar coronal heating

Flares and X-ray jets on the Sun arise in active regions where magnetic flux emerges from the solar interior amd interacts with the ambient magnetic field. The interactions are believed to occur in electric current sheets separating regions of opposite magnetic polarity. The current sheets located in the corona or upper chromosphere have long been thought to act as an important source of coronal heating, requiring their location in the corona or upper chromosphere. The dynamics and energetics of these sheets are governed by a complex magnetic field structure that, until now, has been difficult to measure. Here we report the determination of the full magnetic vector in an interaction region near the base of the solar corona. The observations reveal two magnetic features that characterize young active regions on the Sun: a set of rising magnetic loops and a tangential discontinuity of the magnetic field direction, the latter being the observational signature of an electric current sheet. This provides strong support for coronal heating models based on the dissipation of magnetic energy at current sheets.     

广义相对论中引力场能动张量密度定义的重新研究

对引力场能动张量密度定义作了肯定，并对关系式的物理意义进行了讨论。     

旋转磁场作用下电弧螺旋不稳定性的数值研究

讨论了大气压、轴向磁场作用下电弧螺旋不稳定性。在给定电子温度分布情况下，采用双层准通道模型，通过数值求解电磁场方程以及质量守恒、动量守恒、能量守恒方程等，分别给出了短波和长波扰动下的色散关系。数值结果表明，粘滞力、轴向磁场约束对螺旋不稳定性具有抑制作用。     

轴向磁场中弱自转对电弧的螺旋不稳定性的影响

为了明确弱自转对电弧的螺旋不稳定性的影响，采用势物型电导率和与时间有关的线性微扰理论，给出了有弱自转存在的热热分布（温度分布）、稳定性条件以及不稳定性增长率等定量结果；得出了迎着外加磁场方向，自转为顺时针方向时，稳定区域增大；反之，减小。     

超磁致伸缩执行器驱动磁场理论分析与实验研究

在分析超磁致伸缩材料的驱动原理和超磁致伸缩执行器结构的基础上,重点对执行器内部的驱动磁场进行了理论分析和实验研究,得出了超磁致伸缩执行器驱动电流与超磁致伸缩棒的驱动磁场之间存在一定的非线性和滞回的结论。并分析了其产生原因,为进一步提高超磁致伸缩搪行器的性能奠定了基础。     

鼠笼转子磁力联轴器空载气隙磁场有限元分析

为得到鼠笼转子异步磁力联轴器内部磁场的直观分布情况,首先给出了空载磁场理论分析,其次运用ANSYS软件对影响该磁力联轴器气隙磁场的主要因素:磁极数、永磁体厚度、内转子槽数、槽宽和槽深进行了模拟分析.结果表明当磁极对数为14极,永磁体厚度为8mm,槽数为24槽,槽宽为8mm,槽深为18mm,在安装允许的范围内气隙长度为最小时磁力联轴器的气隙磁密最大.鼠笼转子异步磁力联轴器的有限元分析方法为该类联轴器的结构优化设计提供了一种新思路.     

旋转电机磁场计算的有限元法研究

在二维电磁场的数学模型基础上,建立二维电磁场有限元的离散方程,利用"场"的方法代替了以前"路"的方法及"场路结合"的方法.算例表明,其算法可有效提高计算精度.尤其对电机的关键部分——齿层区域的磁场精确求解比较有意义,可以根据磁密的饱和程度来精确选材.     

磁场对脂肪酶催化活性的影响

研究了磁场对发生在液-液两相界面上的酶促反应的影响.4℃时磁化酶溶液,短时间内酶活性显著提高,0.1T的磁场作用1h可使酶活力提高76.1%,随着作用时间的增长,酶活性逐渐降低.pH值、温度均对酶的磁效应有明显的影响;酶的磁效应存在着滞后效应;磁化水也可明显提高酶的催化活性,经0.485T的磁场作用的水可使酶活性提高将近1倍.     

基于ADuC845的稳恒磁场测量仪设计

针对磁场测量仪器电路复杂、携带不便等缺点,探讨了新型的稳恒磁场测量仪的设计方案.采用线性霍尔传感芯片SS495A1检测磁场信号,以单片机ADuc845为控制核心,完成磁场信号的程控放大、模数转换和数字滤波.经过实测,系统的稳定测量范围为-50mT至50mT,测量精度达0.1mT.     

Study of space heating by dual-function solar collectors

A novel solar collector named dual-function solar collector （DFSC） has been proven feasible for sup-plying warm air for space heating in winter and hot water during none-heating season by theoretical and experimen-tal studies. While integrated with building, the DFSC becomes component of the envelope. Because complexly coupling of several heat transfer modes and subjecting to random weather condition, the thermal influence of DFSC on a building remains obscure. In order to investigate the effect of DFSC for passive and active heating, a demon- strating office building integrated with DFSC panels on the southern wall and roof has been built in Hefei, in the east region of China. A simulation project of the whole building system in winter was built by the software TRNSYS with the new component developed for DFSC and compiled into the TRNSYS library based on the validated theoretical method and experimental results from previous studies. The simulation results show that the energy supplied by the DFSC can meet the heating requirement at most of the time of a sunny day, except early morning. More than 30 % solar fraction can be provided during the whole heating season in Hefei, the value further increases to 59 % in a region of high solar irradiance, such as Lhasa. While active DFSC panels are operated to provide fresh warm air through ventilation system, the flow rate shows strong influence on the solar fraction of heating load. With appropriate operation scheme of the active DFSC, more energy savings and thermal comfort can be achieved.     

突扩燃烧室流场及温度场的数值模拟

通过建立圆管状突扩燃烧室内流动及传热的数学模型，对燃烧室内的流场及温度场进行了数值模拟，讨论了分析了突扩燃烧室内的流场与温度场的分布规律及影响因素。研究结果对突扩状燃烧器的设计具有指导意义，所建立的数学模型可作为设计中进行定量分析的有效手段。     

晶体Si和GaAs太阳电池背场结构的研究

文章从理论和实验上分析了Si太阳电池和GaAs太阳电池各自背场结构特点，指出它们之间的异同。     

磁场中强耦合束缚极化子的声子平均数的研究

采用线形组合算符和么正变换方法研究了磁场对半导体量子点中强耦合磁极化子的影响.通过对晶体CdF2作数值计算,结果表明声子平均数n→随温度的升高而增大,以及在温度不变时,量子点中强耦合束缚极化子的平均数随极化子的振动频率的增大而变小.     

浅水池太阳吸收率的计算

文章依据太阳光线在开放的浅水池内作多次反射和吸收及水对太阳辐射吸收具有选择性这一事实,建立了一个用于计算水池太阳吸收率的数学方法。分析表明:水池的太阳吸收率的精确计算必须精确地知道地面上太阳直接和散射辐射的光谱分布,而太阳辐射的光谱分布与太阳入射角及气候条件有关且任何地方无法找到这些数据。文章数字计算表明:对某一给定的水平总辐射值,用于计算的光谱分布气候模式的选择对水池的直接辐射和散射辐射吸收率有很大的影响,但对水池的太阳能收益的影响可忽略不计。文章还引入了一简化的水池吸收率的计算方法。     

磁场中环状碳纳米卷电子结构的紧束缚法研究

通过考虑波矢■周期性边界条件,在石墨烯紧束缚模型基础上,构造了磁场中环状碳纳米卷模型,研究了其电子结构性质.结果表明环状碳纳米卷的电子结构以磁通量子Φ_0为周期随磁通量Φ周期性变化,通过控制手性和磁场,可将其调制成金属或不同带隙的半导体,其中m=3I(I为整数)、θ=2π/3的锯齿型环状碳纳米卷的带隙受磁场的影响比较小,m=18时变化幅度仅为7 μeV.     

连铸电磁旋流水口流体流动和夹杂物行为

采用数值模拟方法对连铸电磁旋流水口内流体流动和夹杂物碰撞长大行为进行了研究.数值结果表明电磁旋流水口出口处流体流动扩张角与低熔点合金实验值相符.旋转磁场对浸入式水口内壁夹杂物沉积行为存在两个相反的作用：一方面旋转磁场作用加强了水口壁面处钢液的湍流流动,加速了夹杂物在水口内壁的沉积吸附速率;另一方面水口内壁附近夹杂物在旋转磁场产生的旋流作用下易被携带至水口中心,削弱了水口内壁对夹杂物的黏附.在上述两方面因素作用下,钢液区存在一个最佳磁感应强度可使水口内壁夹杂物沉积速率降至最低,从而减轻水口结瘤现象.