冲击压缩条件下熔石英对水的液-固相变的诱导

在气炮加载实验中,利用在线的光透射测量技术研究了水在多次冲击压缩过程中的液一固相变．实验研究结果表明当水夹于熔石英之间时,熔石英对水的液一固相变具有明显的诱导作用．经分析诱导原因是熔石英中的二氧化硅与水之间存在相互作用,使得熔石英表面的水分子具备了成核相变的条件．     

相变材料的特点及热物性分析

相变材料(phase change materials, PCMs)是潜热储热技术的核心储热媒介，因此选择合适的PCMs需综合考虑到多种因素，而相变温度、储能密度和导热系数是衡量PCMs适用性的最关键因素.对典型的固-液相变的不同类型PCMs特点进行了归纳和比较，结果证明研究多种高性能兼容的复合材料是PCMs应用的发展方向.通过理论分析得出：在设定工作温差50℃范围内常用PCMs相变潜热≥100 kJ/kg时，单位质量储热密度与PCMs的相变温度不再相关；PCMs的相变温度越高，系统的有效输出温度范围越宽，系统输出越灵活；PCMs的相变潜热越大，系统在有效温度范围变化时释热效率越稳定.因此在50℃工作温差范围内选择相变潜热高、兼顾较高的固液平均比热容和相变温度高的PCMs时系统的输出性能更优越.     

在冲击波纳秒加载过程中水的结晶相变及其动力学现象

在一级轻气炮加载实验中,利用光透射测量技术在线观测了水在多次冲击下发生结晶相变的动力学过程.实验研究表明:当水被压缩到液-固相边界附近,在界面效应的作用下,处于亚稳状态的水迅速局部结晶成核,并且在数十个纳秒内达到对入射光产生散射效应的尺度.固相体积分数随压力递增而增加,当样品中的压力达到平衡时结晶速率逐渐变缓.     

直接接触固液相变制冰及冰蓄冷系统的研究进展

综述了直接接触固液相变制冰、强化制冰的方法及冰蓄冷系统的研究进展，考虑到目前对蓄冰技术相关的固液相变传热问题的研究与发展现状，提出了一些有待研究解决的问题     

Lattice-Boltzmann方法计算多孔介质内固液相变问题

建立了Lattice-Boltzmann 的相变导热模型，通过计算半无限空间内固体的融化过程（单区域问题）及半无限空间内液体的凝固过程（双区域问题）对模型进行了验证，结果表明模型的数值解与解析解非常一致，该模型能很好地预测相变问题中的固液界面位置和温度场. 运用LB相变导热模型模拟了具有复杂几何边界的多孔介质内相变过程，分析了多孔介质骨架对材料相变过程的影响.     

颗粒物质剪切流动的类固-液转化特性及相变图的建立

颗粒物质类固-液相态间的转化现象广泛存在于工程地质、自然环境和工业生产等诸多领域,其力学特性在相态转化过程中会发生很大的变化,是目前颗粒物质力学研究的热点和难点.通过对颗粒物质类固-液转化过程中基本力学行为的研究,可建立表征颗粒物质类固-液转化的相变图,揭示类固-液转化的内在机理.颗粒物质的类固-液转化过程可大体分为两种,即阻塞与流动状态的转化,以及在流动过程中类固态与类液态力学行为的转化.本文以周期边界条件下的多分散颗粒系统为研究对象,采用离散单元方法数值模拟了单剪流动过程;分析了在不同体积分数和剪切速率下颗粒系统的平均应力、配位数、净接触时间数、有效摩擦系数、惯性指数和广义Savage数等宏观参数的分布规律;讨论了类固-液转化的内在机理,建立了一个以孔隙率、无量纲剪切应力和无量纲剪切速率为基本变量的相变图.该相变图不仅能够表征出颗粒物质由阻塞向流动状态的转变,同时也能够描述颗粒物质在剪切流动中发生类固-液转化的演化规律.     

磁流变液相变研究

基于简单偶极子模型计算磁流变液体系的自由能，考虑了体系中粒子的渗透压，研究磁流变液的液固相变.结果发现当外加磁场超过一临界值时，体系发生由液相向固相的转变，同时温度变化也引起磁流变液的相变.     

船舶机舱模型振声性能数值计算与试验验证

采用有限元/边界元法对船舶机舱动力设备及液舱流固耦合引起的振动与声辐射进行数值计算;并进行相应的实验研究。以某航海教学实习船机舱为原型,将此振声耦合系统简化为箱形多腔结构,运用数值有限元方法建立多腔结构及其单元腔室的模型,考虑流固耦合效应,对结构进行频率响应分析;然后采用边界元法对舱室辐射噪声进行了计算。计算结果与实验结果之间的误差在5 dB以内,表明本方法具有较好的准确度。采取两端简支的边界条件,研究三舱段船舶机舱模型振声性能时,充液及增加充液舱数,总体对改善舱室振声性能有利;但对于液舱接触舱室声学环境影响要分频段考虑,此外舱室距振源的距离对计算结果有较大的影响。     

基于相变线源解的固液热导率测量方法及其影响因素分析

基于相变线源解提出一种同时估算相变材料(PCMs)固液两相热导率的参数估计方法,该方法通过记录相变区域中某一监测点液相温度-时间曲线拟合得到相变材料的固液两相热导率.首先利用灵敏度分析讨论该方法的可行性,随后采用数值模拟的方法研究热线半径、测点位置、加热功率、试样半径对固液两相热导率估算结果的影响规律.研究结果表明:液...     

利用非线性参量B／A研究SDS水溶液—固相变

报导了利用非线性参量Ｂ／Ａ研究ＳＤＳ水溶液随温度变化时发生液－固相变的情况，首次发现ＳＤＳ水溶液在发生液－固相变时Ｂ／Ａ随温度变化规律反常，这说明Ｂ／Ａ不仅能反映物质结构的变化，而且还可能提供材料的某些新的信息。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that