Fe／Al2O3催化剂的Mossbauer谱

采用Ｘ光粉末衍射分析，穆斯堡尔谱等光谱技术研究了不同还原条件下铁单元与Ａｌ２ｏ３载体的相互作用，发现在还原过程中，由于这种强的相互作是在铁单元与Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体的界面上形成一种新的较为稳定的ＦｅＡｌ２Ｏ４相，     

氧化镍在γ－Al_2O_3和TiO_2－Al_2O_3上的分散状态研究

采用浸渍法制备了系列ＮｉＯ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３，ＮｉＯ／ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂样品，用ＸＲＤ，ＥＸＡＦＳ等方法对这些样品进行了分析．ＸＲＤ相定量方法测得ＮｉＯ在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０６５ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３，而ＮｉＯ在ＴｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的最大分散量为０．０８１ｇＮｉＯ／１００ｍ２ＴｉＯ２Ａｌ２Ｏ３。ＥＸＡＦＳ分析结果表明：ＴｉＯ２的引入改变了ＮｉＯ在载体表面上的分散状态．     

Ni－LaO_x／r－Al_2O_3催化剂中助剂及载体电子效应的研究

本文用ＤＶ－Ｘ＿α量子化学方法计算了甲烷化催化剂Ｎｉ一ＬａＯ＿ｘ／ｒ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３中载体及助剂与镍相互作用模型的电子结构，由计算结果发现，缺氧型稀土氧化物（ＬａＯ＿ｘ）是一个好的电子给予体，镍与载体ｒ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３作用后，电子由镍向载体转移，表面镍处于缺电子状态，稀土氧化物助剂与镍相互作用后，电子向镍转移．由此推断在Ｎｉ／ｒ－Ａｌ＿２Ｏ＿３催化剂中添加稀土氧化物助剂，将使表面镍的缺电子状态得以缓解，表面镍富集电子，从而有利于对吸附的ＣＯ分子的激活．     

玻璃在反应制备Al—Al2O3复合材料中的作用研究

本文采用Ａｌ／莫来石（３Ａｌ２Ｏ３·２ＳｉＯ２）反应法制备Ａｌ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料,讨论了Ａｌ与莫来石反应的条件,提出加入玻璃可在低温下改善Ａｌ／莫来石间接触结合．通过ＸＲＤ分析和ＳＥＭ观察,考察了有玻璃存在下Ａｌ与莫与石的反应特点及制备过程对显微结构的影响．     

镍负载量对自然转化催化剂Ni／γ—Al2O3性能的影响

利用常压固定床微反－色谱联装置、Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）以及程序升温还原等分析手段,考察了镍负载量对自热转化催化剂Ｎｉ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的活性和还原性能的影响。实验结果表明,对于１０００℃下焙烧的模型催化剂Ｎｉ／γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３,用ＸＲＤ检测均未发现ＮｉＯ（２００）特征峰;而当镍含量达到８．１％时,ＸＲＤ可检测到以尖晶石形式存在的镍。模型催化剂中ＮｉＡｌ２Ｏ４的还原性能低于ＮｉＯ。催化剂中镍的负载量在一     

制备条件对Pd／Al_2O_3催化棉籽油加氢活性的影响

使用ＳＥＭ，ＥＤＳ，ＥＰＭＡ，ＸＲＤ及ＸＰＳ对在不同温度下，于空气气氛中焙烧的负载型钯催化剂Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３进行了表征，结合对棉籽油的加氢反应，分析了焙烧温度对Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３活性的影响．结果表明，４７３Ｋ下焙烧的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３活性较好；高温（９７３Ｋ）下焙烧的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３活性最差．欲制备高活性的Ｐｄ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂，必须严格控制焙烧温度．     

铝热法合成TiB_2－Al_2O_3系陶瓷原料反应机理

通过Ａｌ，Ｂ２Ｏ３和ＴｉＯ２体系的热力学分析指出了铝热法合成ＴｉＢ２的可能性．通过各种不同条件下反应过程的差热实验、Ｘ射线衍射等实验分析，对该体系的反应机理有了较系统深入的认识，得出：利用Ａｌ，Ｂ２Ｏ３和ＴｉＯ２（锐钛砂）在氩气中以较低的温度可合成出较纯的ＴｉＢ２及Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷原料．     

BaO单独改性Ni／α—Al2O3催化剂的研究

用浸渍法改性α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体，并制成Ｎｉ／α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３催化剂。用动态热重法考察这些催化剂样品的还原性能和抗积炭性能，并用Ｘ－射线宽化法测定还原后的平均Ｎｉ晶粒度。结果表明，在由相似的氧化物改性的一系列样品中，ＢａＯ改性表现出除Ｌａ２Ｏ３之外最好的还原性能和最好的Ｎｉ分散度；提高催化剂抗积炭性能的最佳加量约为４．７％，ＢａＯ改性有利于提高Ｎｉ／α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３的水热稳定性，使催化剂的比表面、镍分散     

无压渗透制备铝基复合材料及其性能的研究

采用无压渗透新工艺制备了Ａｌ２Ｏ３颗粒增强铝基复合材料,叙述了无压渗透工艺过程。通过金相显微镜、Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）、能谱（ＥＤＳ）等手段,对（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）ｐ／Ａｌ的微观结构进行了分析;测试了铝基复合材料的力学及热物理性能。结论表明,铝基复合材料显微结构致密、渗透完全。在Ａｌ２Ｏ３与Ａｌ的界面处,基体合金中的镁与增强剂Ａｌ２Ｏ３反应,原位生成ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４尖晶石晶体,其质量分     

担载型无铬铁系水汽变换催化剂的结构特征

运用Ｘ－射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）方法对负载在堇青石和γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上的活性组分存在的晶相进行了分析,结果表明,在堇青石载体表面负载组分形成了具有钙钛矿结构的ＬａＦｅＯ３晶相,而在γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３载体上未形成诸如ＬａＦｅＯ３等晶体化合物,由于这两种负载催化剂中活性组分存在的晶态不同,二者的变换活性相差甚大,堇青石作载体的催化剂,其催化活性明显高于γ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３作载体的催化剂。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-