铁路税收问题的探讨

对目前铁路的税种、税率、课税对象、纳税办法进行了研究,提出,如果国家对铁路采取和其他交通运输企业相同的税收政策,在“八五”期间可留给企业184亿元资金,改善现有铁路企业资金短缺的现状。     

论我国开发研制列车超速防护系统的方向和道路

分析了目前铁路开发的简易式列车安全运行监控装置的共同点、特点和优缺点,提出了“八五”国家科技攻关项目“列车超速防护系统研究”的技术原则及它的软、硬件结构,并进一步提出将列车自动控制系统与列车超速防护系统相结合的构思.     

铁路企业补充医疗保险基金会计核算的探讨

铁路企业补充医疗保险基金是铁路企业为了保障铁路系统职工及其供养直系亲属的医疗保险待遇,依据国家及铁路有关文件规定建立的多层次的医疗保障体系的组成部分.为了提高铁路企业补充医疗保险基金会计信息的客观性、完整性和可比性,该文认为应采用收付实现制和权责发生制相结合的核算基础对铁路企业补充医疗保险基金进行会计核算.     

改革铁路建设基金理顺运输市场关系

铁路建设基金与运价均属分配领域的范畴，它在实践中出现的问题表现为破坏简单再生产和扩大再生产的关系，降低企业在运输市场上的竞争力，破坏了市场公平竞争，不利于中央政府的财政平衡。其成因是增加运力和塑造企业市场主体两个相互矛盾的政府目标。在市场经济条件下，应还铁路建设基金的运价性质；改革企业产权组织形式，以国有资本控制更多的社会资本；对铁路实行＂减税让利＂政策，以使社会资金流向铁路。作为过渡措施，把建设基金的一部分转入运价，另外一部分作为专项资金，作为中央政府对铁路运输企业财政补贴的资金来源。     

基于改进BSA的铁路危险货物办理站点整合优化

铁路危险货物办理站点作为铁路危险货物运输基础设施之一,其选址布局、建设规模和职能分工的合理性对于提高铁路危险货物运输效率、满足运输需求和环境风险控制目标都至关重要.为了有效解决铁路危险货物办理站点整合优化的多目标选址-分派模型组合方案规模庞大、计算困难的问题,采用了改进双层模拟退火算法对此问题进行优化.算例结果显示,该算法具有收敛速度快、运行稳定的特点,能够有效解决相关问题.     

大力发展铁路是当务之急——铁路“八五”形势和发展对策

按照国民经济十年规划和“八五”计划的要求,到1995年和2000年,铁路货运量要分别达到16.5亿吨和19亿吨。在未来十年间,铁路的发展状况不但关系到当前,关系到第二步战略目标的实现,也将对2000年以后产生重要的影响。一、“七五”铁路成绩巨大,但也面临着严重的危机我国铁路在“六五”和“七五”期间取得了巨大的成就,突出表现在:一是完成的周转量增长近一倍,运输效率达世界一流水平。1990年,铁路完成的工作量达13 200亿换算吨公里是1980年的1.86倍;每公里营业线路的运输密度达2 500万吨公里,已与苏联相当。二是铁路技术装备上了。     

安徽省科技三项费用管理信息系统

1 系统目标 科技三项费用是我省财政科技投入的重要组成部分,是组织实施科技攻关计划、重点科研计划、软科学计划、自然科学基金、三个百亿元工程等科技计划、科技基金、科技基地及科技活动等的主要资金来源。“七五”、“八五”期间,科技三项费用的管理工作已走上规范化、系统化、科学化的轨道。为使科技三项费用使     

中国铁路网的现状分析和优化配置模型

本文探讨了我国铁路建设的选址规划问题。文中的研究思路主要受模糊数学理论中最大树方法的启发。笔者首先建立我国各城市之间的连通强度矩阵,并以此确定一定数量候选铁路线,再通过“去三角”算法对其进行筛选,得到最终线路,之后对该模型进行可行性分析,并对我国铁路建设现状和规划方案提出建议。     

我国铁路将在“十五”期间重点建设八大信息工程

我校牵头,在铁道部科教司、计划司指导下编制完成了铁路信息化“十五”发展规划要点.在分析铁路信息化建设现状与存在问题的基础上,提出了“112”宏观发展战略和铁路改造传统产业,提高经济效益的八大重要信息工程.它们是： 　　1.铁路信息共享平台体系设计与建设工程; 　　2.域名及IP地址统一设计与改造工程; 　　3.铁路通讯网络改造工程; 　　4.铁路运输管理信息系统工程; 　　5.铁路电子商务系统工程; 　　6.铁路企业运输收入清算系统工程; 　　7.过程控制与行车安全保障系统工程; 　　8.决策支持与综合应用系统工程. (科技处)     

我校4名教师获“詹天佑铁道科技发展基金”奖励

我校４名教师获“詹天佑铁道科技发展基金”奖励以中国铁路建设先驱、杰出的工程专家詹天佑的名字命名的＂詹天佑铁道科技发展基金＂，首次颁奖大会于４月１０日在京举行。铁道部部长韩抒滨出席颁奖会并讲了话。吕正操、朱光五等有关部门及铁道部的领导同志出席会议并为２...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that