碱性溶液中离子注入钯的玻璃碳电极上硝基苯的电化学还原

用循环伏安法在离子注入钯的玻璃碳电极上 ,研究了硝基苯在 0 .1 mol/L Na OH溶液中的电还原过程 ,通过 AES测量了离子注入电极的表面组成和各元素的浓度 -深度分布 .在 40 ke V下 ,将注入剂量为 1× 1 0 1 7离子 /cm2 的钯注入到玻璃碳 (GC)中可产生钯原子最大百分含量为2 0 %的近表面区 ,原基体注入钯后比未注入的 GC对硝基苯 (NB)的电还原有更高的活性 .用现场ESR与电化学方法联用检测到硝基苯的单电子还原产物硝基苯阴离子自由基 ,用现场 UV光谱法也检测到硝基苯的电还原产物苯胺 ,根据实验结果讨论了硝基苯电化学还原的机理     

Co/GC离子注入修饰电极的制备及表征

用离子注入法在玻碳表面注入钴制备了钴离子注入修饰电极 (Co/GC) ,用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和俄歇电子能谱 (AES)等表面分析手段对Co/GC电极表面的元素组成和元素深度分布进行了表征 .在环丙氟哌酸 (CIF)溶液中 ,用线性扫描伏安法 (LSV)对Co/GC电极的催化活性进行了初步研究 .     

在Co2+注入修饰电极上米托蒽醌的电化学行为及其应用

米托蒽醌(MX)在0.005mol*L-1 Tris-0.05mol*L-1 NaCl (pH7.1)缓冲溶液中, 在Co离子注入玻碳修饰电极(Co/GCE)上,有一灵敏的伏安还原峰,峰电位为-0.68V,峰电流与MX的浓度在1.8×10-7～9.0×10-6 mol*L-1 间呈线性关系,检出限为9.0×10-8 mol*L-1.将该法用于病人尿样的测定,回收率为94.6%～105.7%. 用线性扫描和循环伏安法研究该体系的电化学行为和电催化.实验表明,体系为不可逆过程.Co/GCE上的电流比GC电极的大,扫速对催化效率的影响实验证明,存在着催化作用.X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和俄歇电子能谱(AES)实验表明,Co确实被注入在GC表面,注入的Co催化了MX的还原.     

基于空壳钯和纳米金修饰的过氧化氢无酶传感器的研究

制备并表征了空壳钯纳米粒子,将空壳钯纳米粒子和金纳米粒子修饰在玻碳电极(GC)表面,构建了新型的过氧化氢无酶传感器.通过循环伏安等电化学方法研究了修饰电极的电化学特性,结果表明:Pd/AuNPs/GC对过氧化氢(H2O2)的电极反应具有催化作用,空壳钯和纳米金在催化过氧化氢还原过程中表现出了良好的协同作用.过氧化氢的浓度在2216μmol/L(R=0.9993)范围内,与修饰电极的电流之间呈现出良好的线性关系,检测限为0.2μmol/L(S/N=3).该传感器具有较好的稳定性、重现性、抗干扰性.     

钯取代Dawson型钨磷杂多酸聚吡咯薄膜修饰电极的制备及其电化学性能

通过缺位填充法合成了分子式为α2-K8[P2W17PdⅡOH2]O61的钯(Ⅱ)取代Dawson型十八钨磷酸盐.在玻碳电极(GC)上,用电化学方法将单取代Dawson型杂多酸盐α2-K8[P2W17PdⅡOH2]O61的阴离子(P2W17Pd)掺杂到聚吡咯(PPy)薄膜中制成P2W17Pd/PPy/GC化学修饰电极,实验观察到一对氧化还原峰,归属于P2W17Pd中的钯原子.P2W17Pd/PPy/GC既保持该杂多酸的电化学活性和电催化性能,又具有良好的稳定性和灵敏度.研究表明,0.10mol·L-1H     

Co／GC离子注入修饰电极的制备及表征

用离子注入法在玻碳表面注入钴制备了钴离子注入修饰电极（Co/GC），用X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和俄歇电子能谱（AES）等表面分析手段对Co/GC电极表面的元素组成和元素深度分布进行了表征。在环丙氟哌 酸（CIF）溶液中，用线性扫描伏安法（LSV）对Co/GC电极的催化活性进行了初步研究。     

辣根过氧化物酶在Au-Gemini纳米复合物修饰玻碳电极上的直接电化学

将辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)固定在Au-Gemini纳米复合物修饰的玻碳(GC)电极表面,制备了HRP修饰电极(HRP/Au-Gemini/GC),研究了HRP在Au-Gemini纳米复合膜中的直接电化学,考察了其对H_2O_2的电催化还原作用.研究表明,HRP在Au-Gemini纳米复合膜中发生了准可逆的电化学反应,其氧化峰峰电位(E_(pa))和还原峰峰电位(E_(pc))分别为-0.236 V和-0.273 V.HRP/Au-Gemini/GC修饰电极对H_2O_2具有良好的电催化还原响应,其表观米氏常数K_m=2.0×10~(-5)mol/L,H_2O_2浓度在1.0～7.0μmol/L范围内与催化电流呈线性关系.该研究为实现氧化还原酶的直接电子传递和生物传感器的构制提供了一种有效途径.     

多巴胺在L-半胱氨酸修饰玻碳电极上的电化学行为及伏安测定

以L-半胱氨酸作为电极修饰剂,采用循环伏安法研究L-Cys/GC电极的制备和DA在该修饰电极的电化学行为及其测定.DA在pH=6.684的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中,在L-Cys/GC电极上产生一对灵敏的氧化还原峰,峰电位分别为Epa=0.180 V和Epc=0.125 V（vs.SCE）.同时用伏安法测定DA的线性范围为1×1...     

不同表面活性剂修饰的钯-镍双金属电极的制备与性能表征

采用电沉积法分别制备以钛网(Ti)为基体材料的聚吡咯(PPy)修饰的、PPy与十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)、PPy与十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)、PPy与十二烷基磺酸钠(SLS)联合修饰的钯-镍双金属(Pd-Ni)催化电极(Pd-Ni/PPy/Ti电极、Pd-Ni(CTAB)/PPy/Ti电极、Pd-Ni(SDS)/PPy/Ti电极和Pd-Ni(SLS)/PPy/Ti电极).探讨了不同表面活性剂掺杂对电极电化学催化活性的影响.循环伏安(CV)测试表明,在研究范围内,4个电极的最大氢吸附峰电流值分别为-93、-116、-70、-82mA,Pd-Ni(CTAB)/PPy/Ti电极的电催化性能最优.扫描电镜(SEM)分析了不同表面活性剂的引入对电极表面形态的影响.利用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)分析了电极表面Pd、Ni的负载量.X射线衍射(XRD)测试结果表明4电极都形成了钯镍合金.试验表明,阳离子表面活性剂CTAB的引入使电极具有很好的电催化性能,电化学脱氯潜能大.     

碳载Pt纳米薄膜电极制备、表征及其Sb修饰的电化学特性

运用电化学循环伏安法在玻碳载体上制备纳米级厚度的Pt膜电极,用STM表征了电极表面的形貌,测定了电沉积层的厚度、表面积和Pt载量。结果表明,电沉积的碳载Pt电催化材料是一种由粒度均匀的纳米颗粒构成的纳米薄层,表面形貌以层状结构为主,属于多晶结构;同时,运用电化学循环伏安法研究了Sb在碳载纳米Pt膜电极（记为nm-Pt/GC)表面不可逆吸附的电化学特性。研究发现,当扫描电位的上限Eu≤0.50V(SCE)时,Sbad可以稳定地吸附在nm-Pt/GC电极表面,满覆盖度为0.325;并可方便地通过控制电位扫描上限和扫描圈数剥离部份Sb得到Sbad的不同覆盖度。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-