三元共聚物与PESA复配及其对循环冷却水阻垢性能的影响

合成了丙烯酸／丙烯酰胺／马来酸酐（AA／AM／MA）三元共聚物，并探讨了共聚物与聚环氧琥珀酸（PESA）物理复配后的阻垢效果．研究了共聚物分子量、阻垢剂用量以及钙离子浓度、溶液pH值等因素对阻垢性能的影响．实验结果表明，AA／AM／MA共聚物与PESA复配后具有良好的阻垢效率．     

天冬氨酸/谷氨酸共聚物的阻垢性能研究

为改善聚天冬氨酸(PASP)的阻垢性能,对其进行了共聚改性研究.制得了天冬氨酸/谷氨酸的共聚物(PAG).采用SY/T5673-93方法研究了不同水质条件下PAG对硫酸钙和碳酸钙的阻垢效果,并与商品聚天冬氨酸PASP及含磷阻垢剂(EDTMPS和ATMP)进行对比.结果表明,PAG的阻垢性能与含磷阻垢剂相差不多,PAG明显优于商品PASP的阻垢性能.与商品PASP相比,共聚物更适用于高钙、高温、高pH值以及水力停留时间较长的用水系统.     

绿色阻垢剂聚天冬氨酸的优化制备

以马来酸酐为原料制备聚天冬氨酸，并对聚合反应的质量配比、聚合温度和聚合时间三个反应条件进行了优化实验，对最优条件下合成的PASP与其它阻垢剂进行了性能对比。结果表明：合成PASP的最佳条件是：原料质量配比为1：1．1，聚合温度为160℃，聚合时间为1h，阻垢率可以达到95％以上，生物降解性能达到70％。     

含不同侧氨基密度的PLGA-（ASP—Diol）-PLGA共聚物合成与表征

以N-（苄氧羰基）-L-天冬氨酸和亚硫酰氯反应制备了N-苄氧基天冬氨酸酐，然后将其与不同链长的二醇（Diol：乙二醇、二缩三乙二醇、聚乙二醇200和600）缩聚，合成含端羟基的天冬氨酸-二醇交替预聚物[ASP—Diol]；分别以它们为大分子引发剂，辛酸亚锡为催化剂进行丙交酯／乙交酯（LA/GA：75／25）开环共聚，合成系列含侧氨基的天冬氨酸-二醇-聚乙丙交酯[PLGA-（ASP—Diol）一PLGA]多元三嵌段共聚物。利用FTIR、1HNMR、EA、DSC和GPC对共聚物结构进行了表征。结果表明，影响预聚物分子量的主要因素不是二醇的分子量，而是其端羟基的活性。但随着二醇链段长度增加，多元共聚物中氨基含量降低，玻璃化温度也明显下降。因此，通过改变二醇链段的长度（或分子量）可以有效控制PLGA-（ASP—Diol）-PLGA中侧氨基的密度及分布。     

电化学法研究自来水中几种缓蚀剂及其复配物对AZ91D镁合金的缓蚀作用

采用电化学方法,研究了硫脲、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、聚天冬氨酸（PASP）及它们的复配物在自来水中对AZ91D镁合金的缓蚀性能。结果表明：聚天冬氧酸和硫脲复配比其它组合缓蚀剂的效果好,20℃时,在实验范围内,当体系添加这两种物质浓度分别为0．05g／L,添加总量为0．1g／L时．缓蚀率达到了81．7％,     

聚天冬氨酸阻垢机理研究

以L-天冬氨酸为原料,H3PO4为催化剂,碳酸丙烯酯为溶剂,微波辐射合成了聚天冬氨酸。静态阻垢法测定PASP具有优良的阻垢性能。运用SEM、IR和XRD对PASP阻碳酸钙垢的结构进行分析。结果表明：加入PASP后,碳酸钙垢形成了新的晶型球霰石,从而起到阻垢作用。     

Fenton试剂处理乳化含油废水

实验室研究了用Fenton试剂氧化处理三种表面活性剂（非离子OP，阳离子CTMAB，和阴离子SDS）乳化原油和柴油废水及用非离子型OP表面活性剂乳化机油废水．其COD含量为1273-2248mg／l，油含量为1825-3977mg／1．Fenton试剂氧化的最佳初始pH、终了pH、Fe^2＋用量、H2O2用量和氧化时间分别为2．5-4、10、80．4—120．6mg／l、2．12-21．2g／l（30％H2O2）和3．5h．处理后的乳化原油废水COD去除率、油去除率、色度（UV-254）和浊度（A450）去除率分别为94．8—98．0％、99．4-99．9％、95．1—97．9％和99．0-99．9％；处理后乳化柴油废水COD和油去除率分别为93．9-96．2％和99．6-99．7％；OP乳化剂乳化机油废水处理后COD和油去除率分别为98．2％和97．6％．所研究的乳化废水用Fenton试剂处理后均可达到国家一级排放标准．     

环境友好型水处理剂阻垢缓蚀性能研究

聚天冬氨酸(PASP)具有缓蚀和阻垢双重功能,但用做缓蚀剂时用量较大(100 mg/L).为了降低成本,对聚天冬氨酸、苯并三氮唑(BTA)、钨酸钠和葡糖酸钠进行四元复配研究,得到最佳配方为10 mg/L PASP+0.5 mg/L BTA+20 mg/L钨酸钠+10 mg/L葡萄糖酸钠(总浓度为40.5 mg/L).通过静态阻垢试验、旋转挂片试验、小型动态模拟试验、扫描电镜分析和生物降解试验,对复合配方阻垢缓蚀性能进行了全面研究,该配方对铜的阻垢率和缓蚀率分别为99.22%和0.000 6 mm/a,生物降解率在28 d时高达75.1%,试验结果表明,该配方水处理剂具有较好的阻垢缓蚀效果,且易生物降解,属于环境友好型水处理剂范畴.     

环保型反渗透阻垢剂的性能研究

利用聚天冬氨酸(PASP)、聚环氧琥珀酸(PESA)、丙烯酸-丙烯酸酯共聚物(AA-AE)和2-膦酸基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸(PBTCA)制备了一种环保型反渗透阻垢剂.通过静态及动态阻垢实验对阻垢剂的阻垢性能进行了评价,结果表明此反渗透阻垢剂具有优异的阻垢分散性能和生物降解性能.     

含磺酸基共聚物水处理剂的合成工艺及性能

以水为溶剂,次亚磷酸钠-过硫酸钠为引发剂,丙烯酸（AA）和1-烯丙氧基-2-羟丙基磺酸钠（COPS-1）为单体合成了含磺酸基的水溶性缓蚀阻垢剂。在装有机械搅拌、回流冷凝管、恒压漏斗和温度计的四口烧瓶中,按一定配比加入次亚磷酸钠、少量助剂和蒸馏水,在一定温度和搅拌条件下,分别同时滴加过硫酸钠水溶液和COPS-1／AA（AA恒为0．4mol）混合水溶液,进行共聚反应。该文实验通过优选法,考察了该共聚物阻垢性能与单体配比、引发剂用量、反应温度和反应时间等之间的关系,寻出了最佳合成工艺条件,研究结果表明,该共聚物的阻垢分散性能明显。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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