Muscle spindles in the rat diaphragm

Zusammenfassung Elektrophysiologische Registrierungen afferenter Impulse des Nervus phrenicus aus dem isolierten Rattenzerchfell wurden durch eine histologische Untersuchung des Zwerchfelles unterbaut. Das Vorkommen von durchschnittlich 3 Muskelspindeln in jeder Zwerchfellhälfte wurde nachgewiesen.     

Rhythmic control of intercostal muscle spindles

Zusammenfassung Afferente Impulsentladungen wurden an der Katze in Pentobarbitalnarkose von einzelnen Hinterwurzelfasern (Thorakalsegment V–VII) abgeleitet. Muskelspindeln und Sehnenorgane wurden identifiziert.Die Muskelspindeln zeigten meist einen ausgeprägten respiratorischen Aktivitätsrhythmus. Motorische-Fasern, der intrafusalen Muskelspindel-Innervation wurden selektiv mit Lidocain blockiert. Dadurch wurde gezeigt, dass die afferente Entladung der Muskelspindeln wesentlich auf ihrer-Innervation beruht. Atmungsrhythmische als auch statische-Aktivierung wurde gefunden. Bei inspiratorischen Spindeln erschien rhythmisch erhöhte-Aktivität meist gleichzeitig mit inspiratorischen Muskelkontraktionen. Während künstlicher Atmung wie auch nach völliger Halsmarkdurchtrennung, konnte die gleiche rhythmische-Aktivierung demonstriert werden. Die Spindeln werden anscheinend durch einen spinalen Reflexmechanismus gesteuert, der offenbar den motorischen Atmungsantrieb verstärkt.

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Supported by Senior Research Fellowship (SF-364) from U.S. P.H.S.     

Neuromuscular spindles in bovine foetuses with hereditary muscle fiber hyperplasia

Summary In cattle with genetic hyperplasia of skeletal muscle fibers, foetuses have an increased number of intrafusal muscle fibers in their neuromuscular spindles.     

Succinic-dehydrogenase activity in the neuromuscular spindles of the chick

Zusammenfassung Mit der Succinodehydrogenasetechnik werden 3 verschiedene zonen in den Muskelfasern der Neuromuskelspindeln des Hühnchens beschrieben.     

Ciliated smooth muscle cells in the uterus of the rat

Zusammenfassung Das Auftreten von Cilien der glatten Muskelzellen des Rattenuterus wird beschrieben. Auf Grund der Häufigkeit dieser Cilien im Vergleich zu den Zentralkörperchen wird angenommen, dass jede glatte Muskelzelle wenigstens eine Cilie besitzt, die eine Sinnesfunktion erfüllen könnte.     

Ultrastructure of muscle spindles in C57BL/6Jdy 2J/dy 2J dystrophic mice

Summary The sensory organs of skeletal muscles, the muscle spindles, were examined using electron microscopy indy ^2J/dy ^2J dystrophic mice. Despite widespread damage to the extrafusal (skeletomotor) fibres the intrafusal (spindle) fibres appeared normal and seemed resistant to the aetiological factors for murine dystrophy.This work was supported by grants from the Medical Research Council and the Science Research Council of Great Britain.     

Prednisolone-binding proteins in the rat liver and gastrocnemius muscle

Summary Quantitatively, liver cytosol preparations were found to contain 2.3 times the number of prednisolone-binding proteins that were present per mg total protein in the rat gastrocnemius muscle. The liver proteins were larger molecules and, in a low ionic environment, were more chemically stable than the muscle proteins.The authors gratefully acknowledge the advice and encouragement of Dr G.A.J. Goodlad.     

Glutaminase activity in rat skeletal muscle mitochondria

Summary Isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria took up about 40-ng-atoms O per min per mg protein, with glutamine as the only respiratory substrate. The mitochondria incubated in the presence of glutamine and KCN formed both ammonia and glutamate in equivalent amounts. The experiments reported here provide suggestive evidence that rat skeletal muscle mitochondria contain glutaminase (L-glutamine amidohydrolase EC 3.5.1.2.) activity.This work was supported by the Polish Academy of Sciences within the project II. 1, 2, 6.     

Glutaminase activity in rat skeletal muscle mitochondria

Isolated rat skeletal muscle mitochondria took up about 40-ng-atoms O per mg protein, with glutamine as the only respiratory substrate. The mitochondria incubated in the presence of glutamine and KCN formed both ammonia and glutamate in equivalent amounts. The experiments reported here provide suggestive evidence that rat skeletal muscle mitochondria contain glutaminase (L-glutamine amidohydrolase EC 3.5.1.2.) activity.     

Ciliated fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in the rat uterus

Ciliation in endometrial fibroblasts and myometrial muscle cells of the rat was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Quantification of the number of ciliated cells during the estrus cycle did not show any firm relationship between ciliation and ovarian hormonal activity. In the case of most cilia, there is a spatial relationship between their basal centrioles and the Golgi complex, so that a Golgi-cilium complex is created. A possible role of ciliation in uterine fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells is discussed.     

Ciliated fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells in the rat uterus

Summary Ciliation in endometrial fibroblasts and myometrial muscle cells of the rat was examined by transmission electron microscopy. Quantification of the number of ciliated cells during the estrus cycle did not show any firm relationship between cilation and ovarian hormonal activity. In the case of most cilia, there is a spatial relationship between their basal centrioles and the Golgi complex, so that a Golgi-cilium complex is created. A possible role of ciliation in uterine fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells is discussed.     

Ultrastructure of muscle spindles in C57BL/6J dy2J/dy2J dystrophic mice.

The sensory organs of skeletal muscles, the muscle spindles, were examined using electron microscopy in dy2J/dy2J dystrophic mice. Despite widespread damage to the extrafusal (skeletomotor) fibres the intrafusal (spindle) fibres appeared normal and seemed resistant to the aetiological factors for murine dystrophy.     

Growth ofTrichinella spiralis (Nematoda) muscle larvae in the rat

Résumé Dans le présent travail, on a constaté que le taux d'accroissement deTrichinella spiralis dans le muscle strié du rat est très variable et offre un processus discontinu.     

Effect of exercise on ribonuclease activity in rat skeletal muscle

Summary Distribution of ribonuclease activity (measured at pH 7.6) in subcellular fractions of homogenates of rat skeletal muscle was investigated in sedentary animals and after 8 weeks running program. Training increased ribonuclease activity (expressed as units of enzyme per g of muscle protein). There was no increase in nuclear fraction, but in both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial fractions the RNA-ase activity increased 42% and 45% respectively.Acknowledgments. I would like to thank Prof. L. elewski and Dr J. Popinigis for helpful suggestions.     

Influence of bistramide A on the twitch tension in rat atrial heart muscle

Bistramide A, a new toxin isolated from the UrochordateLissoclinum bistratum Sluiter, was applied to rat auricular heart muscle bundles. At a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz, the toxin induces a dose-dependent reduction of the stimulated twitch tension force; it decreases and shortens the duration of the plateau and the slow repolarizing phase of the action potential. In the control solution, switching from a stimulation frequency of 0.2 Hz to 1 Hz decreases the force with which a positive potentiation develops either at a maintained high frequency or after switching from 1 Hz to 0.2 Hz. Bistramide A reduces both the force evoked at 1 Hz and the potentiation. The data suggest that Bistramide A blocks Na⁺ conductance; inhibits Ca⁺⁺ channels in a time-and frequency-dependent manner; reduces Na⁺–Ca⁺⁺ exchange activity; but does not modify the ability of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to be refilled although the rate of Ca⁺⁺ accumulation is decreased.     

Effect of L-carnitine and stimulated lipolysis on muscle substrates in the exercising rat

To test the effect of L-carnitine on glycogen sparing when fat oxidation is increased, 100 mg/kg/d were given to rats orally for 3 days, resulting in 1.8-fold higher muscle carnitine levels. Even when FFA were raised by heparin-stimulated lipolysis, the rate of glycogen degradation was not reduced during exercise.     

Paper electrophoresis separation of the soluble proteins of rat muscle sarcosomes

Riassunto Viene descritta la presenza, nel succo dei sarcosomi del muscolo di ratto, di 4 componenti proteici separabili mediante elettroforesi su carta. I 4 componenti sono rappresentati nella misura di rispettivamente 26.1, 18.4, 33.2 e 22.3 per 100 delle proteine totali.     

Effect of L-carnitine and stimulated lipolysis on muscle substrates in the exercising rat

Summary To test the effect of L-carnitine on glycogen sparing when fat oxidation is increased, 100 mg/kg/d were given to rats orally for 3 days, resulting in 1.8-fold higher muscle carnitine levels. Even when FFA were raised by heparin-stimulated lipolysis, the rate of glycogen degradation was not reduced during exercise.