Studies of lipid extracts from red blood cells

Zusammenfassung 35 Sera von Patienten mit infektiöser Mononukleose (10 Kranke, 25 Rekonvaleszenten), 15 Sera von Patienten mit anderen Krankheiten und 15 normale Sera wurden im Komplementbindungstest geprüft, wobei als Antigen ein Lipoidextrakt von Rinder-Erythrozyten verwendet wurde. Sera von Rekonvaleszenten nach infektiöser Mononukleose zeigten eine spezifische Komplementbindung, während bei Patienten vor der Rekonvaleszenz die heterophilen Antikörper im Komplementbindungstest nur dann nachgewiesen werden konnten, wenn die Paul-Bunnellsche Reaktion auch positiv ausfiel.     

The use of F.S.H. gonadotrophins to obtain functioning ovarian grafts in the anterior chamber of the eye

Riassunto È stata studiata la possibilità di ottenere in camera anteriore innesti ovarici, sensibili all'azione di urina di donna gravida.È stato osservato che le gonadotropine F.S.H. favoriscono la crescita dell'ovaio innestato, mentre le gonadotropine L. H. non mostrano alcuna azione.Il preparato innestato in camera anteriore reagisce all'inoculazione di urina di donna gravida, mentre non è influenzato dall'inoculazione di urina di donna non gravida o di urina di uomo.     

Focus on molecular events in the anterior chamber leading to glaucoma

Primary open-angle glaucoma is a multifactorial disease that affects the retinal ganglion cells, but currently its therapy is to lower the eye pressure. This indicates a definite involvement of the trabecular meshwork, key region in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. This is the first target of glaucoma, and its functional complexity is a real challenge to search. Its functions are those to allow the outflow of aqueous humor and not the reflux. This article describes the morphological and functional changes that happen in anterior chamber. The “primus movens” is oxidative stress that affects trabecular meshwork, particularly its endothelial cells. In these develops a real mitochondriopaty. This leads to functional impotence, the trabecular meshwork altering both motility and cytoarchitecture. Its cells die by apoptosis, losing barrier functions and altering the aqueous humor outflow. All the morphological alterations occur that can be observed under a microscope. Intraocular pressure rises and the malfunctioning trabecular meshwork endotelial cells express proteins that completely alter the aqueous humor. This is a liquid whose functional proteomics complies with the conditions of the trabecular meshwork. Indeed, in glaucoma, it is possible detect the presence of proteins which testify to what occurs in the anterior chamber. There are six classes of proteins which confirm the vascular endothelium nature of the anterior chamber and are the result of the morphofunctional trabecular meshwork decay. It is possible that, all or in part, these proteins can be used as a signal to the posterior pole.     

Cyclic AMP level in red blood cells ofPlasmodium berghei-infectedMastomys natalensis

Summary The present report describes the changes in cyclic AMP level which occur upon parasitization of red cells byPlasmodium berghei. Parasitized erythrocytes were separated from the non-parasitized population by percoll density-gradient centrifugation. An increase in the cyclic AMP content of both non-parasitized and parasitized erythrocytes of infected animals compared with that of uninfected animals was observed. The patterns of physiological response to isoproterenol in normal, parasitized and non-parasitized erythrocytes were identical.     

Enzymic formation of serotonin in mammalian blood platelets and red cells

Zusammenfassung Throbozyten aus Menschen- und Rinderblut enthalten eine hohe Aktivität an 5-Hydroxy-tryptophan-Decarboxylase und für diese enzymatische Reaktion scheint Pyridoxalphosphat als Cofaktor eine Rolle zu spielen.     

An attempt to immunize the blue crab,callinectes sapidus,with vertebrate red blood cells

Résumé Nous avons essayé d'augmenter le titre de l'hémagglutinine naturelle qui se trouve dans le sérum du crabe bleu,Callinectes sapidus, par l'inoculation d'hématies de vertébrés. On a noté une augmentation légère de ce titre après 48 h, mais elle n'était apparemment pas spécifique, puisque on peut la provoquer avec l'antigène hétérologique et une solution saline ainsi que l'antigène homologique. Il appert qu'il s'agit là d'une réponse intérieure défensive et non-spécifique due à quelque force extérieure.     

Biochemical polymorphism and the 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in the sheep red blood cells

Summary There was no significant difference in the level of 2,3-DPG in the red blood cells of sheep of different haemoglobin types (Hb A and Hb B) or potassium types (HK and LK). However, low glutathione (GSH^L) sheep had significantly higher (p<0.01) level of 2,3-DPG in their red blood cells than high glutathione (GSH^H) sheep. There was also significant effect of interactions between glutathione, haemoglobin and potassium types (p<0.05) and glutathione and haemoglobin types (p<0.01) on red cell 2,3-DPG levels.     

Influences of the submaxillary gland of male mice on the immune response to sheep red blood cells

Summary Removal of the submaxillary gland (SMG) from male but not female mice caused a suppressed immune response to sheep red blood cells. Administration of a SMG saline extract from male mice to SMG-ectomized males restored the suppressed response to control levels. This suggests that the male mouse SMG contains a factor(s), possibly of an endocrine nature, capable of influencing cells involved in an immune response.     

Selective inactivation of catalase during protoporphyrin induced photohemolysis of human red blood cells

The level of some enzymatic activities in red blood cells before and after photohemolysis induced by protoporphyrin IX was studied. A 30% decrease in catalase activity was found both in normal erythrocytes and those from patients affected by favism. Other proteins though present in larger amounts inside the erythrocytes are not affected by the photohemolytic process.     

Proton and potassium fluxes in rat red blood cells incubated with sugar phosphates

Fructose-1,6-diphosphate counteracts potassium ejection and proton uptake induced in rat red blood cells by valinomycin and an uncoupler. The effect on potassium ejection is reduced in the presence of ouabain and divalent cations.     

Adhesion of human red blood cells to polystyrene. Influence of sodium chloride concentration and of neuraminidase treatment

Summary The adhesion on polystyrene of glutaraldehyde-fixed human red blood cells was found to increase with NaCl concentration. Half of the maximum of irreversible adhesion was obtained in 2.2 mM NaCl for neuraminidase-treated cells and in 5.5 mM NaCl for the untreated cells.     

Of membranes and malaria: phospholipid asymmetry in Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences - Malaria is a vector-borne parasitic disease with a vast impact on human history, and according to the World Health Organisation, Plasmodium parasites still...