与几类子图2-正交的(g,f)-因子分解

设ｇ和ｆ分别是定义在图Ｇ的顶点集合Ｖ（Ｇ）上的整数值函数且对每个ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｇ（ｘ）≥２。本文证明了：若Ｇ是一个（ｍｇ＋ｍ－１,ｍｆ－ｍ＋１）－图,则对于Ｇ中任意给定的子图２Ｋ１,ｍ或２ｍ－星或２ｍ－对集,Ｇ有一个（ｇ,ｆ）－因子分解与之２－正交。     

二分图的与星正交的（g,f）—因子分解

设ｇ和ｆ是定义在二分图Ｇ的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）上的两个整数值函数且对每个ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｇ（ｘ）≤ｆ（ｘ）．证明了若Ｈ是二分图Ｇ的任一ｍ－星,则Ｇ有一个（ｇ,ｆ）－因子分解与Ｈ正交的充要条件是Ｇ为一个（ｍｇ,ｍｆ）－图．     

独立数和最小度与f—因子

对图存在ｆ－因子涉及到独立数和最小度条件进行了研究，得到了下列结果：设ａ，ｂ为整数且ｈ≥ａ１，ｂ≥２，Ｇ是一个有ｎ个顶点的连通图且ｎ≥（ａ＋ｂ）＾２／ａ，ｆ（ｘ）是定义在Ｖ（Ｇ）上的非负整数函数，满足Σｘ∈ＶＧ）ｆ（ｘ）是偶数且α≤ｆ（ｘ）≤ｂ。     

与星下在交的[0,ki]^m1—因子分解

设Ｈ是图Ｇ的任一个具ｍ条边的星，即ｍ－星。证明了，对任给的ｍ个整数ｋ１，ｋ２，ｋ１，．．．，ｋｍ，当对任意的ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｄＧ（ｘ）≤ｋ１＋ｋ２＋．．．＋ｋｍ－ｍ＋１时，Ｇ有一个「０，ｋｉ」＾ｍ１－因子分解与Ｈ正交。     

与星（m,r）——正交的（g,f）——因子分解

设ｇ和ｆ是定义图Ｇ的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）上的整值函数。本文证明了如下结果：设ｒ是一个正整数,Ｇ是一个（ｍｇ＋ｍ－１,ｍｆ－ｍ＋１）—图,且ｇ（ｘ）≥ｒ－１,对ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）。若Ｈ是Ｇ的一个有ｍｒ条边的星,则Ｇ有（ｇ,ｆ）—因子分解与Ｈ（ｍ,ｒ）—正交。     

Gn的一种完全因子

设ｎ＝２＾λ－１＋ｔ，λ〉２，０≤ｔ〈２＾λ－１。反馈函数ｘｎ＝ｆ（ｘ０，ｘ１，…，ｘｎ－１）＝１＋ｘ０＋Σｉ∈Ｉｔ（ｘｉ＋ｘｎ－ｉ）产生ｎ阶ｄｅ Ｂｒｕｉｊｎ－Ｇｏｏｄ图Ｇｎ的一个完全因子ＰＦλ（２＾λ－１＋ｔ）其中Ｉｔ＝｛ｔ；（ｔｉ）是奇整数，１≤ｉ≤ｔ｝。     

关于Faudree－Schelp定理的改进

一个图Ｃ＝（Ｖ，Ｅ）是［ｌ，ｍ］－泛连通的，如果在Ｇ的任意一对节点ｘ与ｙ之间有长为Ｋ—１的路Ｐｋ（ｘ，ｙ），Ｋ＝ｌ，ｌ＋ｌ，…，ｍ。Ｇ具有性质Ｐ（Ｋ），如果对Ｇ的任何一对距离为２的节点ｘ和ｙ，有ｄ（ｘ）＋ｄ（ｙ）≥Ｋ。作者探讨了一类产（Ｋ）图的路连通性，改进了Ｆａｕｄｒｅｅ－Ｓｃｈｅｌｐ定理，得到两个定理：定理１设Ｇ＝（Ｖ，Ｅ）是ｎ阶Ｐ（ｎ—１）图。如果Ｇ是［ｎ—１，ｎ］－泛连通的，则Ｇ是［８，ｎ］－泛连通图（ｎ≥８）．定理２设Ｇ是３－连通ｎ阶Ｐ（ｎ）图。如果Ｇ的独立数α（Ｇ）＜ｎ／２，则Ｇ是［５，ｎ］－泛连通图，ｎ≥５．     

（k＋1）——连通无爪图的Hamilton——连通性

一个图若不含与Ｋ１．３同构的导出子图,则称它为无爪图,本文利用Ｔ－插点方法,得到（ｋ＋１）－连通无爪图是Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ－连通的两个充分条件,（１）设Ｇ是（ｋ＋１）－连通无爪图（ｋ≥２）,若对每个Ｘ∈Ｉｋ＋１（Ｇ）有ｓ２（Ｘ）〉１,则是Ｇ是Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ－连通图,（２）设Ｇ是（ｋ＋１）－连通无爪图（ｋ≥２）,若对每个Ｘ∈Ｉｋ＋１（Ｇ）,有∑ｘ∈ｘｄ（ｘ）≥ｎ（ｘ）－ｋ＋１,则Ｇ是Ｈａｍｉｌｔｏｎ     

非广义多边形路的2连通图的圈数

若Ｇ中一条路Ｐ的每个内点ｖ 都有ｄＧ（ｖ）＝ ２,则称Ｐ为Ｇ的简单路⒀一个２ 连通可平面图Ｇ称为广义多边形路,如果用下述方法得到的图Ｇ是路：对应于Ｇ的每个内部面ｆ （Ｇ是Ｇ的平图）有一个Ｇ的顶点ｆ,Ｇ的两个顶点ｆ和ｇ在Ｇ中相邻当且仅当Ｇ中相应的两个内部面的边界交于一条Ｇ的简单路⒀令ｊ＝ ｜Ｅ（Ｇ）｜－ ｜Ｖ（Ｇ）｜和ｍ （Ｇ）为Ｇ的含圈数⒀论文证明了下述结果：设Ｇ是非广义多边形路的２ 连通图,则ｍ （Ｇ）≥ｊ２＋ ５ｊ２ － １⒀     

K1,n—free图的f—因子

图Ｇ称为Ｋ１,ｎ－ｆｒｅｅ,若图Ｇ不包含同构于Ｋ１,ｎ的导出子图。设ｆ（ｘ）是定义在Ｖ（Ｇ）上的非负整数函数,Ｇ的一个支撑子图Ｆ称为Ｇ的一个ｆ－因子,若对任意的ｖ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｄＦ（ｖ）＝ｆ（ｖ）,对Ｋ１,ｎ－ｆｒｅｅ图存在ｆ－因子涉及到最小度条件进行了研究,得到了一个充分条件。有关定理为本定理的特例。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.