1Cr18Ni9Ti钢中的锯齿屈服现象

本文研究了１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ奥氏体不锈钢中出现的锯齿屈服现象的特征。试样经１３２７Ｋ固溶处理，其平均晶粒尺寸为０．０５ｍｍ。拉伸试验温度范围为室温～９７３Ｋ；应变速率分别为１×１０－４、５ × １０－４及２．５×１０－３Ｓ－１０。 试验结果表明：该钢的锯齿屈服现象发生在５２３～９２３Ｋ温区；按其特点不同，可截然分为５２３～６７３Ｋ及６７３～９２３Ｋ两个温区，其相应的出现锯齿屈服的激活能分别为３２．７Ｋｃａｌ／ｍｏｌｅ及４６．７Ｋｃａｌ／ｍｏｌｅ。可用“管扩散”机理来描述锯齿屈服过程；但两温区中与运动位错发生弹性交互作用的溶质原子气团不同：低温区可能为［Ｎｉ，Ｔｉ，Ｃ］复合气团，高温区则可能为［Ｃｒ，Ｃ］复合气团。     

Zn—20%Al合金的半固态压缩形变特性研究

研究了温度和应变速率对常规铸造和部分凝固铸造Ｚｎ－２０％Ａｌ金合的半固态压缩形变的影响规律。试验温度和应变速率范围分别为３８０～４３０℃和２．１×１０＾－１×１０＾－４Ｓ＾－１。试验结果表明，金属在半固态时的形变抗力比固态时大幅度降低；部分凝固铸造合金的形变能力优于常规铸造合金；在高温（４３０℃）、低应变速率（８，．４×１０＾－４Ｓ＾－１）条件下，常规铸造合金也能获得较好的极限塑性和低的变形抗力…     

高应变速率下Ti-47%Al-1.5%Cr-0.5%Mn-2.8%Nb合金的拉伸性能

采用Ｈｏｐｋｉｎｓｏｎ拉杆技术和常规拉伸技术,在室温、５×１０－４～８００ｓ－１应变速率范围内研究了具有复相（ＤＰ）和全片层（ＦＬ）组织的Ｔｉ－４７％Ａｌ－１．５％Ｃｒ－０．５％Ｍｎ－２．８％Ｎｂ合金的拉伸力学性能．发现在高应变速率（动态）和低应变速率（静态）条件下两种组织都呈现出接近零塑性．ＤＰ组织的抗拉强度（σｂ）比ＦＬ组织的高,同种组织动态σｂ比静态的高．扫描电镜断口分析结果表明,两种组织的静态和动态的断裂方式基本相同,都是以穿晶解理为主,局部区域伴有沿晶开裂;ＴｉＡｌ合金的动态脆性和静态脆性一样,主要不是由环境因素造成．     

新试剂6-(2-羟基-4-二乙基氨苯偶氮)-2,3-二氢-1.4-酞嗪二酮的电化学发光研究

应用自制的ＥＣＬ－１型电致化学发光仪，对新试剂６－（２－羟基－４－二乙基氨苯偶氮）－２．３－二氢－１，４－酞嗪二酮（ＨＤＥＡ）在Ｎａ２ＣＯ３－ＮａＨＣＯ３缓冲介质中的电化学发光行为作了研究．结果发现，当介质ｐＨ值为 １０．５４时，在一定的实验条件下，施加 １．７Ｖ （ＶＳ．ＳＣＥ）三角波脉冲电压，体系的发光强度与ＨＤＥＡ浓度在５．０ × １０－９～１．０×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，反应的检测限达１．０×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ．     

正交设计法用于Al－CAS－CTMAB体系显色条件的选择

本文利用正交理论，以Ａｌ－ＣＡＳ－ＣＴＭＡＢ为体系，对常用的单因素变化法所选择的最佳显色条件进行比较。结果表明，在采用正交设计法选择出的最优条件下，Ａｌ－ＣＡＳ－ＣＴＭＡＢ体系的摩尔吸光系数可达２．４×１０￣（－５）Ｌ·ｍｏｌ￣（－１）·ｃｍ￣（－１），比常规单因素变化法提高２．４倍。     

高温变形时Al67Mn8Ti25的动态回复和动态再结晶

采用透射电子显微术研究了Ａｌ６７Ｍｎ８Ｔｉ２５金属间化合物高温拉伸变形后的显微组织．结果表明,该合金在１１７３Ｋ和８．３５×１０－５ｓ－１条件下的塑性变形过程是以动态回复为主,变形后晶粒内存在较高密度的位错、位错墙和位错网络;而在１１７３Ｋ及３．３４×１０－５ｓ－１条件下合金则发生了动态再结晶,变形后的组织为动态再结晶形成的新晶粒,晶粒内包含有稳定的亚晶界．Ａｌ６７Ｍｎ８Ｔｉ２５合金高温塑性变形是一典型的速率控制过程．由于该合金中的位错运动及与原子扩散有关的过程进行较为困难,故只有在足够高的温度和低的应变速率条件下才发生动态回复和动态再结晶,同时合金获得较高的拉伸塑性．     

长毛对虾酸性磷酸酶的纯化与性质

分别从健康和患病长毛对虾（Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｐｅｎｉｃｉｌａｔｕｓ）肌肉提取一种酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣ－Ｐａｅ，ＥＣ．３．１．３．２．），进一步用硫酸铵分级分离，ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２００柱纯化，经聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，并于ＢｅｃｋｍａｎＤＵ－８Ｂ紫外分光光度计扫描为单一区带酶液。该酶紫外吸峰在２８０ｎｍ处，荧光激发峰在２８４ｎｍ处，发射峰在３４７ｎｍ处。酶的分子量为７３０００道尔顿，等电点为４．７酶水解对硝基苯磷酸二钠（ＰＵＰＰ）最适ｐＨ为４．５，最适温度４０℃。健康虾与病虾酶的活化能分别为４１．０３ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ·Ｌ和４５．７８ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ·Ｌ，米多常数ｋｍ值分别为０．８０×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１．４３×１０－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。重金属离子Ｃｕ２＋，Ｈｇ２＋，有机溶剂甲醇，乙醇，乙二醇等对ＡＣＰａｓｅ有明显的抑制作用。     

溴化十六烷基三甲基铵对青霉素G钠盐碱水解反应速率的影响

用紫外分光光度法测定不同浓度的溴化十六烷基三甲基胺（简称ＣＴＡＢ）对青霉素Ｇ钠盐（简称ＰＧＳ）碱水解速率常数研究发现：当ＣＴＡＢ浓度小于２．２５０×１０－３ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ－３时，随着ＣＴＡＢ浓度的增大ＰＧＳ碱水解速率减小；当ＣＴＡＢ浓度在２．２５０×１０－３～３．７５０×１０－３ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ－３之间，随着ＣＴＡＢ加入量增加，其反应速率又增大；在实验曲线后段又出现下降。从理论上对上述现象给予解释。     

含Sc铝镁合金超塑变形行为与显微组织特征

研究了含微量Ｓｃ元素的ＡｌＭｇ合金在超塑变形过程中的力学行为和显微组织．结果表明：合金可在较宽温度和应变速率范围内获得良好的超塑性．在温度为５２０℃,初始应变速率为１６７×１０－３ｓ－１条件下拉伸变形时最大延伸率可以达到３９６％．显微组织分析发现,合金的超塑性效应是由变形初期的动态再结晶诱发产生,其超塑变形过程可分为亚晶超塑性阶段、过渡阶段和细晶超塑性阶段．     

(Bu_4N)_2Mo(mnt)_3的晶体结构

（Ｂｕ４Ｎ）２ＭＯ（ｍｎｔ）３系针状墨绿色晶体，晶胞参数，ａ＝１０．２０８（６）Ａ；ｂ＝１５．８４１（５）Ａ；ｃ＝１８．００３（３）Ａ；α＝８６．６７（２）°；β＝８４．２０（４）°γ＝１０７．７４（４）°，空间群Ｃ＇ｉ－ＰＴ；Ｚ＝２；ρｏｂｓ＝１、２１８，ρｃαｌｃ＝１．２１０克／厘米３．在四园衍射仅上收录 Ⅰ≥１σ（Ⅰ）独立衍射点３０３５个，晶体结构由三维Ｐａｔｔｅｒｓｏｎ函致和电子密度函数解出，经全矩阵最小二乘法精修，偏离因子Ｒ＝０．０８７．结构分析结果表明，晶体结构由Ｍｏ［Ｓ２Ｃ２（ＣＮ２］２－３和［Ｎ（Ｃ４Ｈ９）］４＋构成。阴离子Ｍｏ［Ｓ２Ｃ２（ＣＮ）２］２－３是由三个配位体［Ｓ２Ｃ２（ＣＮ）２］２－中的二个Ｓ原子与Ｍｏ原子螯合，基本上成三棱柱方式配位．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the