IGF-Ⅱ在原核生物中的表达

胰岛素生长因子IGF-Ⅰ和IGF-Ⅱ在机体的许多组织中都有表达,具有促进细胞生长和分裂等的多种生物学功能。在本研究中,我们采用RT-PCR法克隆和扩增到了IGF-Ⅱ基因,通过双酶切、胶回收纯化、连接后得到了pET21b-IGF-Ⅱ重组质粒载体,然后将其转化DH5α中,经IPTG诱导后表达的重组蛋白经纯化,并用Western blot检测,显示重组质粒pET21b-IGF-Ⅱ编码一个约25kD的外源蛋白。     

IGF-1对绵羊皮肤中GHR、IGF-1、IGF-1R、kAP3.2和KAP6-1基因表达的影响

选取36只健康、体况一致的新疆细毛羊随机分成6组。在每只羊的左侧肩胛部皮下局部注射0．5mL（10ng／mL）的IGF-1,右侧肩胛部皮肤为未注射IGF-1的对照组,然后分别于第0、3、6、9、12、50d采集各皮肤样品,用反转录多聚酶链式反应（RT-PCR）方法,定量分析绵羊皮肤中生长激素受体（GHR）、胰岛素样生长因子1（IGF-1）和胰岛素样生长因子1型受体（IGF-1R）、角蛋白关联蛋白KAP3．2和KAP6-1mRNA的相对丰度。试验结果表明,IGF-1对GHR基因的表达有下调的作用,对IGF-1、IGF-1R基因的表达没有显著的影响,而对KAP3．2、KAP6—1基因的表达具有显著的促进作用。说明IGF-1促进绵羊角蛋白关联蛋白基因的表达可能是通过生长轴以外的其他途径实现的。     

Alternative splicing and expression of the insulin-like growth factor （IGF-1） gene in osteoblasts under mechanical stretch

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) promotes osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation, and its expression is induced by mechanical stretch, thus IGF-1 has been considered an effector molecule that links mechanical stimulation and local tissue responses. In this study, a mechanical stretching device was designed to apply physiological level static or cyclic stretching stimulation to osteoblasts. Different isoforms of IGF-1 mRNA were amplified by RT-PCR from the cells using respective primers and these amplified products were sequenced. An iso-form of IGF-1 splicing product was found to be selectively produced by osteoblasts under stretching stimulation. This IGF-1 isoform had identical sequence with the mechano growth factor (MGF) which was originally identified in muscle cells. Regulations of the expression of the liver-type IGF (L.IGF-1) and MGF in osteoblasts under stretch stimulation were further studied using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Stretch stimulation was found to promot the expression of IGF-1 (L.IGF-1 and MGF), and for both isoforms expression was more effectively stimulated by cyclic stretch than static stretch. MGF was detected only in osteoblasts subjected to mechanical stretch, suggesting MGF was a stretch sensitive growth factor. Expression of MGF peaked earlier than that of L.IGF-1, which was similar to their regulation in muscle and suggested similar roles of MGF and L.IGF-1 in bone as in muscle cells. The functions of MGF and LIGF-1 in osteoblasts shall be established by further experimental studies.     

The expression and function of VEGF at embryo implantation “window” in the mouse

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an endothelial cell-specific mitogen that plays a critical role in angiogenesis. Recent reports indicated that VEGF was closely involved in embryo implantation and embryonic vasculogenesis. However, very little information is available about the detailed expression and function of VEGF at implantation “window”. In this work, VEGFs were primarily present on uterine epithelial cell monolayer and blastocysts including the outgrew trophoblasts at implantation window. VEGF antibodies decreased the number of mice embryos implanted and the percentage of blastocysts with attachment and outgrowth in a co-culture model in a dose-dependant manner. These findings demonstrate that VEGF is one of the essential cytokines for embryo implanta-tion in mouse. VEGF may act as a local mediator to regulate the maternal-fetal interaction, and facilitate blastocyst implantation.     

Role of αVβ3 integrin in embryo implantation in the mouse

Integrin, a heterodimeric adhesive molecule composed of α and β subunits, can regulate cell adhesion and trafficking. Recent data have documented that, at the “implantation window” stage, α Vβ 3 integrin participates in the maternal-fetal interaction and becomes a potential marker of uterine receptivity. Furthermore, it can affect invasiveness of embryo. This work made a further study about its action mechanism. Results of indirect immunofluorescence and laser scanning confocal microscopy showed that α Vβ 3 integrin was clearly expressed in the mouse blastocyst. Injection of α Vβ 3 integrin antiserum into a uterine horn of a pregnant mouse on day 3 markedly decreased the number of embryos implanted (P < 0.001). In a co-culture model, α Vβ 3 integrin antisera at 1︰100 and 1︰200 dilutions significantly depressed the attachment and outgrowth reactions of blastocysts on monolayer of uterine epithelial cells. Analysis of correlation manifested that the inhibitory effect of α Vβ 3 integrin antiserum was dosage/dilution-dependent. Thus, α Vβ 3 integrin is an essential factor in the uterine endometrium for embryo implantation in the mouse. This integrin distinctly expressed in the mouse blastocyst at “implantation” stage affected the process of embryo implantation by route of mediating both the attachment and the outgrowth processes of blastocyst on uterine epithelial cells.     

骨髓间充质干细胞旁分泌IGF-1体外调节胰岛瘤细胞

采用体外共培养技术探索骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)体外调节胰岛瘤细胞功能的可能机制.将培养的细胞分为:大鼠胰岛瘤细胞系(INS-1)单独培养的三组(培养的INS-1细胞系、培养的INS-1细胞系+IGF-1、培养的INS-1细胞系+NVPAEW541)、培养的INS-1细胞系加BMSCs上清液后培养组的三组(培养的I...     

玫瑰冠鸡IGF-1基因多态性与早期生长速度关系研究

以玫瑰冠类群鸡(玫瑰冠鸡)为材料,采用PCR-RFLP法检测了IGF-1基因5’调控区DNA序列多态性,并运用线性模型统计方法分析了多态性与初生重和12周龄体重的关系。结果显示:玫瑰冠鸡IGF-1基因5’调控区自然存在两种不同DNA序列,经PstI酶切后出现3种基因型("-/-"、"-/ "、" / "),基因型分布符合哈代-温伯格定律。各基因型个体的初生重、12周龄体重的最小二乘均存在"-/-">" /-">" / "的趋势,且"-/-"型个体的12周龄体重显著高于" / "型个体(P<0.05)。     

SOCS-2和SOCS-3通过IGF-1和GH信号转导系统作用于成肌细胞的分化

新近发现的细胞因子信号转导抑制因子（SOCS）家族，因其能够通过Janus激酶-信号传导和转录激活子（JAK-STAT）信号传导通路来反馈调节生长因子的信号或者抑制细胞因子的信号转导而倍受研究人员重视。一些研究表明，SOCS-3在促进成肌细胞分化和抑制白介素6（IL-6）导致的细胞炎症过程中具有重要的作用。综合大量关于细胞因子信号转导抑制因子家族的文献报道，文章分析了近几年SOCS-2和SOCS-3与IGF-1和GH信号转导关系的研究，特别是关于SOCS-3在成肌细胞分化过程中的研究，认为可以将SOCS-2和SOCS-3作为细胞内生长信号调节和促进动物肌肉发育的潜在因子进行研究。     

Interaction between PⅡ and NifA in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7

The interaction between PⅡ and NifA in A.brasilense Sp7 was investigated by using the yeast two-hybrid system.Our experimental results showed that PⅡ directly interacted with the entire NifA protein and its N-terminal domain,but did not interact with the central domin and the C-terminal domain of NifA.No interaction happened if glnB coding for PⅡ was frame-shift mutated.Pz,a homolog of PⅡ,had no interation with NifA.     

Regulation of mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and matrix metalloproteinase—2 by focal adhesion kinase

The interaction of extracellular matrix-integrin markedly influences the adhesion,outgrowth,differentiation and expression of serine proteinases by the blastocyst,so it is regarded as a vital factor in blastocyst implantation.Although the mechanism of extracellular interactions between extracellular matrix and integrins has been well elucidated,the roles of the signaling molecules in the extracellular matrix-integrin signal transduction pathway in blastocyst implantation are unknown.This limits the understanding of blastocyst implantation and ECM-integrin signal transduction pathway.In the present study,in vitro blastocyst culture and indirect immunocytochemistry,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs) zymography and antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(ODN) were used to investigate the expression of a fundamental molecule of integrin-dependent signal transduction pathways,focal adhesion kinase(FAK),in mouse blastocysts and its influence on mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and MMP-2.The results showed that mouse blastocysts expressed FAK.FAK protein was clustered in the peripheral migrating trophoblast cells and dispersed in the central area of blastocyst outgrowth.Fibronectin triggered pro-MMP-2 and 64kD MMP-2 activities.The antisense ODN to FAK attnuated pro-MMP-2 and 64kD MMP-2 activites which decreased abruptly and tended to disappear with increasting concentrations of the antisense ODN.Both mouse blastocyst adhesion and outgrowth on fibronectin were also influenced by the antisense ODN.Up to 20μg/mL of the antisense ODN concentration,the adhesion and out-growth rates were decreased in a dose-dependent manner.The results indicated that FAK influenced mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and MMP-2 activity by intracellular signal transduction.In other words,FAK regulates mouse implantation in terms of blastocyst adhesive and invasive abilities.     

Effect of matrix metallo-proteinase-26 (MMP-26) during embryo implantation in the mouse

Matrix metalloproteinase-26 (MMP-26, endometase and matrilysin-2), a novel member of the MMPs family, is detected not only in the placenta and uterus, but is widely expressed in malignant tumors from different sources as well as in diverse tumor cell lines. However, the function of MMP-26 in the reproductive system has never been reported. Expression of MMP-26 in mouse embryos and the function of the MMP-26 antibody during mouse embryo implantation was examined for the first time by injecting the uterine horn, immunohistochemistry,in situ hybridization, co-culture of mouse blastocysts and uterine monolayer epithelial cells, Western blot, RT-PCR, Northern blot and zymography. Our results show that there is strong expression of MMP-26 mRNA and protein in the mouse embryo. Furthermore, the MMP-26 antibody dramatically inhibited mouse embryo implantation and significantly inhibited adhesion and outgrowth of mouse blastocysts onin vitro uterine monolayer epithelial cells. At the same time, the MMP-26 antibody inhibited the expression of integrin αV mRNA and protein in a dose-dependent manner. These data suggest that MMP-26 may play a role in some of the tissue-remodeling events associated with the invasion of the endometrium by trophoblast cells and facilitate successfully embryo implantation.     

缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生猪血清IGF-1和IGFBP-3的改变以及脑皮质细胞凋亡的研究

研究缺氧缺血性脑损伤（HIBD）新生猪血清IGF－1和IGFBP－3的变化趋势和脑皮质细胞凋亡的程度，探讨缺氧缺血性脑损伤的发病机理，将3日龄新生猪随机分为对照组和HIBD组，在HIBD后1，24，48和72h采集静脉血，采用免疫放射法测定IGF－1和IGFBP－3血清水平，应用流式细胞术对新生猪HIBD脑皮质细胞凋亡进行定量分析，HIBD后72h血清IGF－1和IGFBP－3水平明显低于对照组，HIBD后72h血清IGF－1值显著低于HIBD后1，24和48h组，HIBD后72h血清IGFBP－3水平明显低于HIBD后48h组，而脑皮质细胞凋亡百分率在HIBD后72h血清IGFBP－3水平明显低于HIBD后48h组，而被皮质细胞凋亡百分经在HIBD后72h明显高于对照组、HIBD后1，24和48h组，应用Logistic回归分析可知HIBD脑损伤后IGF－1和IGFBP－3与脑细胞凋亡百分率具有非线性相关关系，HIBD后72hIGF-1少IGFBP－3明显下降，这可能与组织对IGF－1的需求增加，IGF－1的重新分布，生长激素轴的中枢性抑制以及神经元的凋亡有关。     

Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2 activity in mouse blastocyst by fibronectin-integrin interaction

Fibronectin, a major extracellular matrix, plays an important role in embryo implantation by mediating embryo adhesion and outgrowth. In this work, mouse blastocysts produced pro-matrix metalloproteinase-9, pro-matrix metalloproteinase-2 and 64 ku matrix metalloproteinase-2 when they were co-cultured with fibronectin. In contrast, mouse blastocysts did not produce these proteinases without fibronectin. Focal adhesion kinase is a fundamental molecule of integrin signaling pathway and its antisense oligodeoxynucleiotide inhibited blastocyst matrix metalloproteinases expression induced by fibronectin. The results indicated that fibronectin triggered matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -2 expression in mouse blastocyst through its integrin receptors and subsequent signaling pathway, which enhanced the synchronization of blastocyst invasiveness and uterine receptivity and ensured the accuracy of events relative to implantation in timing and spatiality.     

大蒜素对肺腺癌细胞侵袭生物学行为影响的初步研究

通过MTT法、细胞粘附试验、Transwell细胞迁移和侵袭试验检测不同浓度的大蒜素对肺腺癌细胞的活性、粘附、迁移与侵袭能力的变化;(RT-qPCR)逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应检测不同浓度的大蒜素对TIMP/MMP平衡的影响.本研究中发现大蒜素可呈剂量依赖性抑制肺腺癌细胞的活性、粘附、迁移和侵袭能力.大蒜素主要降低基质金...     

DanHong Injection inhibits the development of primary abdominal aortic aneurysms in apoE knockout mice

Clinical observations indicate that DanHong Injection （DHI） can increase blood flow and reduce various syndromes in patients with cardiovascular disease. How- ever, it still needs to define the function of DHI and the involved mechanisms in details, such as the protective effect on the development of primary abdominal aortic aneurysms （AAAs）. In this study, we determined whether DHI is able to inhibit AAA in apoE knockout （apoE-/-） mice. Thirty apoE-/- male mice on high-fat diet （0.5 % cholesterol, 21% fat） were randomly divided into two groups and received i.p. injection of saline （100 μL/day） and DHI （100 μL/day）, respectively, for 16 weeks. At the end of experiment, we determined the development of atherosclerosis in en face aorta and aneurysms,pathological morphology of arterial wall, and serum lipid levels. We also determined the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA in aortic wall using real-time RT-PCR. Our results indicated that high-fat diet induced the development of AAAs in apoE-/- mice, but the induction was totally blocked by DHI （P 〈 0.01）. The result of staining of abdominal aortic cross sections showed that DHI main- tained the collagen content in arterial wall, thereby pre- venting the animals from the development of AAA. Although DHI had little effect on serum total- and LDL- cholesterol levels, it reduced the expression of MCP-1, MMP-2, and MMP-9 mRNA in aortic wall （P 〈 0.01）. Taken together, our study suggests that DHI can inhibit the high-fat diet-induced AAA formation. The inhibitory effects may be related to the maintenance of the collagen content and inhibition of expression of AAA-related genes. Our study may suggest a new application of DHI in clinics.     

Regulation of embryo implantation by nitric oxide in mouse

Intrauterine injection and zymography were used to investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on embryo implantation in mice. On day 3, one uterine horn of female pregnant mice was injected intraluminally with various doses of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), while the contralateral horn served as control. Animals were sacrificed by cervical dislocation on day 7 of gestation, and the number of implanted embryos in each horn was calculated. The results showed that lower doses (0.05 mg L-NAME) did not inhibit implantation significantly (P > 0.05), but high doses (0.2 mg L- NAME) resulted in a significant reduction in the number of implanted embryos (P < 0.05). Co-administration of SNP, a generator of NO, with L-NAME would reverse the antiimplantation effect of L-NAME. To further understand the precise mechanism of NO in implantation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) activities were detected by gelatin zymography. The reduction in the number of implanted embryos in 0.2 mg L-NAME treated group was associated with decreased MMP-9 activity but a stable MMP-2 activity. The activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were not changed in L-NAME and SNP treated group. These data suggest that NO acts as a mediator to regulate the activity of MMP-9, and facilitates embryo implantation.     

Regulation of mouse blastocyst adhesion,outgrowth and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 by cGMP and nitric oxide <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro</Emphasis>

Nitric oxide (NO) is a multifunctional messenger molecule produced through oxidation of L-arginine to L-citrulline by enzyme NO synthase (NOS). In the current study, mouse blastocysts were cultured in the different media, and the implantation capacity of blastocyst was evaluated by evaluating the percentage of embryos adhesion and outgrowth after culture for 12, 24 or 48 h. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) mRNA was detected by RT-PCR, and MMP-2 protein was detected by gelatin zymography. Inhibition of blastocyst adhesion and outgrowth was observed in embryo cultured with 500 μmol/L NOS inhibitor N^G-mono-methyI-L-arginine (L-NMMA) alone; however, 100 μmol/L S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor, and 20μmol/L cGMP analogue, 8-Br-cGMP could block this inhibition. The expression and production of MMP-2 in the blastocysts were suppressed by L-NMMA, and SNAP or 8-br-cGMP could reverse this suppression. These results suggest that NO induces embryo implantation by cGMP signaling pathway.     

人脑胶质瘤中MMP-9的表达及意义

目的：探讨MMP-9在人脑胶质瘤中的表达及意义。方法：采用免疫组化S-P法检测45例人脑胶质瘤及32例瘤旁正常脑组织中MMP-9蛋白的表达。结果：MMP-9在正常脑组织、低度恶性及高度恶性脑胶质瘤组织中的阳性表达率分别为15.6%,45.8%,81.0%。结论：MMP-9蛋白表达与胶质瘤的发生和恶性进展有关。