沿任意方向运动多层介质分界面上电磁波的广义传播特征分析

利用静止和沿任意方向运动坐标系间的Lorentz变换矩阵,以及运动分层介质界面上的边界条件、电磁场的状态方程和本构关系,推导平面波入射下多层介质沿任意方向运动时电磁波的广义传播特征.分析沿某一坐标方向运动多层介质电磁波的矩阵传递关系,并将这种传播关系退化到半空间分层介质界面沿任意方向,或且当多层介质运动速度为零时,其传...     

Possible seismic reflector in the lower crust： Evidence from fabrics and experiments of seismic velocity on layered gabbro at high temperature and high pressure

Lattice preferred orientations (LPO) of plagioclase and augite are measured on layered gabbro from the Panxi region, Sichuan Province. The LPO concentration [010] of plagioclase and [100] of augite are perpendicular to the foliation, which indicates a kind of growth fabric associated with crystallizing habits of minerals when the magma is solidifying under the compaction. Calculated seismic velocities based on LPO data of minerals give rise to rather strong anisotropy 5.81% and 5.54% for compressional seismic wave (Vp) and shear seismic wave (Vs), respectively. The experiments at high temperature and high pressure show that the P-wave velocity of layered gabbro is 6.4-6.97 km/s with the maximum Vp anisotropy 5.22% and the Poisson‘s ratio is between 0.28-0.31. According to the comparison of fabrics with seismic velocities of layered gabbro, it is suggested that the large-scale layered intrusive body or the similar layered geological body may exist in the lower crust of this area. Such a layered intrusive body which has strong seismic anisotropy may be the seismic reflector in the lower crust.     

建筑物对爆炸地震波传播的影响

爆炸地震波传播会受环境介质等因素的影响,从厂房防护和炸药储存安全距离方面考虑,了解建筑物对爆炸地震波传播造成的影响很有必要.通过建立钢筋混凝土厂房模型,在模型外部及内部进行爆炸试验并测得相应的地震波信号,对其峰值速度拟合以及采用小波包变换的分析方法,研究建筑结构对地震波传播峰值速度和振动频率的影响.由于建筑结构的存在,...     

主成分分析在震动信号目标识别算法中的应用

为了改进基于震动信号的地面运动目标识别算法,提出了一种基于主成分分析（PCA）的2次特征提取算法.首先对地面运动目标引起的震动信号进行目标特性分析,提取多维的特征值;然后利用主成分分析方法对众多的特征值进行分析,去除特征值之间的相关性,提取综合特征值并应用于分类器,得到目标识别结果.基于实地采集的地面运动目标的震动信号进行实验,结果表明：该方法有效地减少了特征值的维数和相关性,降低了分类器训练的难度和训练时间,同时提高了目标的正确识别率.     

通讯槽对电磁波传播随钻测量信号的影响

采用径向成层介质的Green函数分析天线屏蔽罩上通讯槽的长度、数目等参数对电磁波传播随钻测量信号的影响规律。结果表明:增加通讯槽的长度和数目可降低电磁信号的衰减,但当这些参数增加到一定数值后信号的衰减不再明显变化;一般取通讯槽的长度约0.1 m、数目在20个以内即可满足工程实际需要;当填充材料的电导率较低时,其引起的电磁信号衰减可忽略不计。     

Propagation characteristics of arrayed transient electromagnetic pulses

Starting from the uniform disk current model, an analytical solution for the electromagnetic pulse axial energy radiation is derived and a physical meaning then given to the axial energy propagation characteristics of a unit antenna. From this solution, a point-source approximation model in the time domain is introduced. Parameters such as the energy propagation characteristics and beamwidth of the electromagnetic pulse beam radiating from arrayed antenna are analyzed theoretically. An arrayed transient electromagnetic pulse generator is developed incorporating a 23×16 ultra-wideband tapered slot antenna integrated with a Blumlein formation line and photoconductive semiconductor switch. Experiments performed over a 2.5 km range confirm that the arrayed transient electromagnetic pulse can propagate in free space with the specified waveform. Moreover, the field components can be superposed in phase, and the radiation beam can be focused into a single pulse. Results from calculations are in agreement with experimental results within the measurement uncertainties.     

Recent progress of deep seismic experiments and studies of crustal structure in northern South China Sea

The South China Sea (SCS) is one of the largest marginal seas in the western Pacific. Its northern part has the features of a passive continental margin. The studies of deep crustal structure in this area are very important for understanding the tectonic nature, evolution history, basin formation of the northern margin, and the origin of the SCS. In the past decades, the deep seismic experiments of crustal studies in the northern SCS have gone through three stages, namely the sonobuoy, two-ship Expanding Spread Profile (ESP), and Ocean Bottom Hydrophone/Seismometer (OBH/OBS). Along the continental slope, the sonobuoy experiments provided useful information about the velocity structure of the upper crust, while the ESP data recorded for the first time the seismic signals from deep crustal structure and Moho interface. And the OBH/OBS profiles revealed the crustal structure in much greater detail. This paper first gives a brief historical review of these deep seismic experiments and studies, then a summary of the latest progress and important research results. The remaining problems and suggestions for further research work are presented as conclusive remarks.     

随钻电磁波测井仪器结构影响的三维有限元模拟

利用三维有限元方法模拟钻铤、线圈衬底、天线槽、天线槽填充物及屏蔽罩等仪器结构对随钻电磁波测井响应的影响。结果表明:实际仪器结构中低阻的钻铤、线圈衬底和屏蔽罩导致电磁信号明显衰减,而高阻的天线槽填充物对仪器信号无明显影响。在兼顾仪器机械强度的条件下,通过减小天线槽深度、增大天线槽长度和占空比可以降低电磁信号衰减。仪器结构影响导致仪器响应随地层电阻率非线性变化,扣除仪器结构影响后,仪器响应恢复了随地层电阻率在较宽范围内线性变化的关系,可以满足仪器线性刻度需要。由于扣除仪器结构影响后线圈中磁通量减小,仪器响应略小于无仪器结构影响时的响应。     

线性节理对岩石电磁辐射传播的影响

基于岩石压电效应,依据应力波下电场值的表达式及应力波在节理处的透射解,获得垂直入射应力波作用下产生的电磁波在线性节理面前后的强度关系,并且研究节理参数、岩体电性参数以及入射波频率对电磁辐射传播过程中强度的影响.研究结果表明:电磁辐射的强度随节理初始刚度增大而增大,随频率增大而减小;电磁辐射强度随黏性系数的增加先减小后增大,这与黏性系数变化过程中所导致的电阻率的变化相关;电磁辐射强度随黏性系数变化的同时还受到频率的影响;当节理面两侧岩体性质不同时,电磁辐射强度的变化同时受到多种参数的影响,情况变得更加复杂.     

基于小波变换的爆破地震信号去噪的应用

运用小波变换在不同的尺度下观察信号局部化特征。由于信号和噪声具有不同的奇异性，它们的二进小波变换模的极大值在不同尺度下的传播特性也不相同。在相邻模极小构成的待选通域中分析出噪声局部极大值所在的选通域进行平滑处理，从而得到局部信号的小波系数，将其反变换重建出去噪后的信号。将该方法用于爆破地震信号去噪声，结果表明：这种方法计算简单，且去噪效果较好。     

Analysis of electromagnetic pressure on thin plate melt

An equation used to calculate electromagnetic pressure for confining and shaping a plate-form melt with small or medium thickness is brought forward. The equation gives a precise relationship between electromagnetic pressure factor p and current frequency f, melt thickness a and electromagnetic parameter μγ . The main results can be summarized as follows: ( i ) As the f, a and μγ are large enough, causing the ratio of melt thickness to current skin depth a/ S to be larger than 2.2, p will be a constant ( p = 1) and the electromagnetic pressure can be calculated with Pm = B2/2λ. ( ii ) As the f, a, and μγare not large enough, and the ratio a/ 8 is less than 2.2, p is no longer a constant but changes from 1 to 0 with the decrease of a/δ. In this case, the value of electromagnetic pressure is determined not only by magnetic flux density 8 but also by the current frequency f, melt thickness a and electromagnetic parameter μγ.     

Shearlet域基于非局部均值的地震信号去噪

由于采集环境及仪器性能的限制,采集的地震信号中含有较强的随机噪声,对后续的处理和解释带来很大困难.多尺度几何分析近年来受到关注,在Shearlet变换域中引入非局部均值(NLM,non-local mean algorithm)算法对地震信号进行去噪,该算法首先对地震信号进行非下采样Shearlet变换,对近似服从广义高斯分布的Shearlet系数进行主成分分析(PCA,principal component analysis),然后采用非局部均值处理Shearlet系数,最后对新的Shearlet系数进行Shearlet反变换,得到去噪之后的地震信号.实验结果表明,文中算法在低噪声情况下能够获得优于非局部均值算法的去噪效果,对地震信号去噪具有可行性.     

Fe_3O_4与聚苯胺复合基质碳纤维手性材料电磁参数的实验研究

以碳纤维为手性掺杂体,以Fe_3O_4与聚苯胺复合物为基质,制成手性复合材料．利用微波圆波导法在8.5～11．0GHz频率范围内测量了偏转角、轴比、复反射系数,计算出手性材料的介电常数、磁导率和手性参数．对手性材料电磁参数受频率和基质中Fe_3O_4浓度的影响进行了分析．实验结果表明用复合物作基质制作手性材料提高了电损耗、磁损耗和手性参数．     

Ability to detect weak effective seismic signals by utilizing chaotic vibrator system

Taking the advantage of CVS (Chaotic Vibrator System) sensitivity of large-scale periodic phase-state response to quasi-periodic or periodic signals,a series of numerical experiments were made to understand the ability of CVS to detect weak effective seismic signals in the common-shot seismic record distorted by strong stochastic noise. The re-sults demonstrate that the large-scale periodic phase-states of CVS are correlated with the signal composition of the quasi-periodic wavelet sequence constructing from horizontal moveout of seismic events,noise strength and the noise distortion de-gree to signal. For the same kind of events,the higher the noise distortion degree is,the lower the detectable SNR can be reached by CVS. For seismic data with the same noise distortion degree,the closer the scanning seismic velocity (the trial moveout ve-locity) approaches to the accurate velocity,the higher the detectable SNR can be reached by CVS. More-over,the truncating scanning velocities form an asymmetric belt,which indirectly makes CVS achieve a large-scale periodic phase-state and then the ratio of wavelet distortion coefficients in events can be a biggish variable scope.     

海洋上大气波导中电磁波传播损耗的误差分析和敏感性试验

为了分析电磁波在海洋波导环境中的传播损耗情况,建立了海洋波导环境中典型的五参数经验模型.讨论了利用地型抛物方程求解时将海平面作为理想导体处理与实际情况的误差,对参数变化导致电磁波传播损耗的变化进行了敏感性分析.结果表明,对于在高频工作的无线电系统,可将海平面作为理想导体近似处理;五参数对电磁波传播损耗变化的敏感性各不相同,存在蒸发波导时,蒸发波导的厚度对电磁波传播损耗变化最为敏感,而存在表面波导时,波导底的高度对电磁波传播损耗变化最为敏感.     

基于电磁信号导航的智能车系统设计与开发

运用嵌入式系统的开发方法,详细描述了一套基于电磁导航原理设计的智能车系统开发过程。系统设计目标是:在保证智能车不脱离运行轨道的前提下,速度尽可能地快。系统选取32位微控制器MK60DX256ZVLQ10为主控芯片,通过完整地设计并优化小车的硬件系统、软件系统和机械系统,最终实现了智能车通过自行检测轨道导线激发的电磁波自主循迹行驶。     

化学实验教学中的学习迁移研究

分析了化学实验教学在化学教学中的地位和作用;指出当前化学实验教学中的定势的种种原因;阐明对“学习迁移”概念的理解;提出消除负迁移和促进正迁移的具体教学改进措施.     

煤岩冲击矿压过程电磁辐射传播规律的研究

从电磁辐射MAXWELL方程出发,对煤岩冲击矿压过程中产生的电磁辐射在煤岩中的传播规律进行了分析与研究,提出对破裂过程电磁辐射在煤岩中的传播进行数值模拟时可将电磁辐射产生源理想化为水平电偶极子和水平磁偶极子的叠加;并得出了电磁辐射源产生的场在煤岩中空间分布的解析计算式,为冲击矿压等动力灾害预测的电磁辐射监测仪的研制和定向定位监测提供了理论和计算依据。     

平稳随机信号准确模型的研究

针对对平稳随机信号建立参数模型的常用信号处理方法，研究了信号建模的本质，给出了“准确模型”的定义，指出，对给定的平稳随机信号，以其不同阶次统计量建立的“准确模型”的输出信号与原信号并不相等，二者只是在相应的统计特征上相匹配。从这一概念出发，在总结了二阶统计意义下建模的一些主要结论后指出，平稳信号在二阶统计意义下总可以准确建模，证明了在三阶统计意义下并非所有的平稳过程均可准确建模，并给出了可准确建模的必要条件。     

食品工程原理实验报告探析

了解学生在食品工程原理课程实验报告中人数、性别、班别、分数组成的变化情况,每个实验项目按照6项内容分别评分,对实验报告构成的统计分析结果表明,女生总分成绩高于男生,女生在实验结果和讨论分析的变异系数大于男生,男生要加强改进实验建议环节,是提高分数的潜力。