一个水稻苗期白化致死突变体asl6的鉴定及其基因定位

经60Coγ诱变处理粳稻"嘉花1号"得到一个稳定遗传苗期白化致死突变体asl6(albino seedling lethality 6).与野生型(WT)相比,该突变体从发芽出苗起一直表现白化,四叶期逐渐死亡,叶合色素含量几乎没有且没有完整的叶绿体结构.通过qRT-PCR分析发现,与叶绿体发育、叶绿素合成及光合作用相关的基因表达量明显下调.对利用asl6突变体与"培矮64S"杂交获得的F2代分离群体进行遗传分析,发现该突变表型受单个隐性核基因控制.利用图位克隆技术将该asl6基因定位于第2号染色体的InDel分子标记ID31982与SSR分子标记MM5712之间约293 kb的区域内.目前,该范围内没有叶色相关基因的报道,可能为一新的调控水稻叶绿体发育的基因.     

水稻低温敏感叶色突变体tcd32鉴定与遗传分析

对粳稻"嘉花1号"经60Coγ诱变处理获得的稳定遗传低温敏感叶色突变体tcd32进行了表型鉴定与遗传分析.在20℃条件下,该突变体表现为白色,光合色素含量明显下降,叶绿体发育不完整,植株最终枯萎死亡;在25℃条件下,三叶期之前幼苗表现为黄色,从第四叶开始逐渐转为黄绿色,光合色素含量也明显下降;而在30℃条件下,其表型与野生型(WT)相比没有明显差异.通过对培矮64S与tcd32杂交的F2代分离群体进行遗传分析,结果表明:该低温敏感叶色突变体性状是受一对隐性核基因(tcd32)控制,利用图位克隆技术将tcd32基因定位在水稻第3染色体上顶端537 kb区域内,发现TCD32是一个新的水稻早期叶绿体发育相关基因.     

一个水稻白化致死突变体abl25鉴定及其基因定位

经Co60辐照的粳稻嘉花1号得到一个新的致死白化突变体albino lethal 25(abl25),该突变体从发芽至4叶期表现为白化苗,之后逐渐死亡.与野生型嘉花1号相比,abl25突变体的叶绿素含量和类胡萝卜素的含量大大降低,叶绿体结构不正常,说明其叶绿体发育受到严重阻碍,导致植物死亡.遗传分析表明:该突变体受一对隐性核基因(abl25)控制,进一步利用abl25与广占63S杂交的F2分离群体,将该突变体基因(abl25)定位于第2染色体上SSR标记RM424与Indel分子标记ID7330之间,随后利用新开发的分子标记和扩大群体将其定位在Indel分子标记ID9111和ID9261之间的150 kb内,发现abl25是一个新的水稻苗期白化致死基因.     

水稻白化突变体alb21生理特性和基因定位

高等植物叶绿体的正常发育需要叶绿体基因和核基因相互协调,这些基因的突变将导致叶绿体发育的缺陷．通过同位素诱变,获得了1例水稻的白化突变体alb21,其在幼苗时期就表现出白化性状,生长1个月左右逐渐死亡．遗传学分析表明,该突变属于单基因隐性突变;电镜观察表明,突变体细胞内完全丧失了叶绿体结构,只有一些空泡状的结构．突变体中既没有检测出叶绿素a或b,也没有检测出叶绿素合成的前体——原脱植基叶绿素a,说明此突变体的叶绿素合成途径受阻．因此,推测Alb21基因的突变,导致叶绿体发育受阻,叶绿素a或b以及叶绿素合成的前体——原脱植基叶绿素a不能合成．利用本实验室开发的水稻InDel分子标记,将该突变基因定位在第3条染色体上分子标记R3M51—2与R3M52—5之间约1520kb范围内．这些结果为该基因的克隆及叶绿体发育过程中的功能研究奠定了基础．     

一个新的水稻幼苗黄叶突变体的遗传分析及其基因的初步定位

在60Coγ射线辐照的水稻突变体库中,发现了一个以粳稻品种日本晴为遗传背景的幼苗叶色黄化突变体syl11(seedling yellow leaf 11).与野生型相比,突变体幼苗第二和第三叶表现黄色,在其完全展开之前叶片自其顶端开始转绿,长到四叶期其叶色恢复正常;并且该突变体syl11幼苗黄色叶片光合色素含量明显下降.遗传分析表明,该突变体的遗传性状由1对隐性核基因控制.本研究以培矮64S/syl11的F2代突变型植株作为定位群体,应用微卫星(SSR)分子标记以及新发展的InDel分子标记,将基因syl11定位在水稻第11号染色体长臂上的RM26652和处于着丝粒附近的ID11974分子标记之间,其遗传距离分别为0.5 cM和0.7 cM.     

水稻叶色突变研究进展

水稻叶色突变体表型变异明显,易于观察、利用和鉴别.叶色相关基因在水稻叶绿体形成与发育、叶绿素代谢等过程中,具有极其重要的作用.目前,在水稻所有的染色体中都发现了控制叶色相关的基因.文章从叶绿素合成、降解、水稻叶色突变表型以及叶色变化的分子机制等方面阐述了水稻叶色突变形成的机制.     

水稻黄绿叶基因YGLOSH的定位克隆

本文利用~(60)Co γ射线诱变光温敏感型核不育系广占63S(GZ63S),在后代中获得一个稳定遗传的黄绿化叶色突变体黄广占63S,突变体从苗期至成熟期均显示叶片黄化特征.遗传分析表明该性状受一对隐性核基因控制,命名为yglosh.利用BSA方法分析突变体黄广占63S与正常绿叶对照蜀恢881构建的F2群体,将该黄化基因定位于水稻2号染色体分子标记RM279和Pm6之间,物理距离约68kb.定位区间的cDNA测序分析发现,突变体中LOC_Os02g05890基因发生单碱基突变,形成终止子提前终止该基因的翻译.转基因互补实验确定LOC_Os02g05890为目标基因,可能参与叶绿体发育或者叶绿素生物合成途径.     

一个新水稻低温敏感叶色突变体tcm11的鉴定及基因定位

对粳稻"嘉花1号"经~(60)Coγ诱变处理获得的稳定遗传低温敏感叶色突变体tcm11(thermo-sensitive chloroplast mutant 11)进行了表型鉴定与遗传分析.在20℃条件下,该突变体三叶期之前幼苗均表现为黄色,光合色素含量明显下降,叶绿体发育不完整,从第4叶开始逐渐转为浅黄绿色直至最后死亡.而在32℃条件下,其表型与野生型相比没有明显差异,具有低温敏感属性.通过对培矮64S与tcm11杂交的F_2代分离群体进行遗传分析,发现该低温敏感突变体性状是受单个隐性核基因(tcm11)控制,利用图位克隆技术对tcm11进行定位,将其定位在第11号染色体的InDel分子标记ID13252与SSR分子标记MM1361之间一个约1 566 kb的区域内.这也为后续的研究奠定了基础.     

叶绿体信号参与了拟南芥干旱胁迫响应

研究了50 μmol/L除草剂norflurazon (NF) 对自然干旱胁迫下拟南芥野生型植株和叶绿体信号突变体gun1和gun5的生理参数和一些抗性基因转录水平的影响.干旱胁迫与除草剂协同处理10 d时,叶片出现白化和萎蔫;叶片含水量明显下降;丙二醛含量大幅度升高;活性氧积累明显加重;Lhcb基因表达下调;POD,APX,GPX和Rd29a基因的转录水平显著上调.突变体gun1和gun5叶片白化比野生型严重;突变体生理指标的变化幅度比野生型大;突变体基因表达的变化幅度很小（甚至没有变化）,远小于野生型.这些结果表明,叶绿体信号的关键分子GUN1和GUN5蛋白可能参与了干旱信号传导和适应机制,尤其是GUN1蛋白的作用更为明显,暗示叶绿体信号转导途径可能与植物抗逆过程有交叉.     

水稻叶色突变研究进展

水稻叶色突变体表型变异明显,易于观察、利用和鉴别。叶色相关基因在水稻叶绿体形成与发育、叶绿素代谢等过程中,具有极其重要的作用。目前,在水稻所有的染色体中都发现了控制叶色相关的基因。文章从叶绿素合成、降解、水稻叶色突变表型以及叶色变化的分子机制等方面阐述了水稻叶色突变形成的机制。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with