δD values of escaped H<Subscript>2</Subscript> from hot springs at the Tengchong Rehai geothermal area and its origin

Here we give the · values of escaped H₂ from hot springs at the Tengchong Rehai and adjacent regions, and deal with a genetic correlation between the increment H₂ in escaped gases from middle-shallow reservoirs and the H₂S, CH₄ derived from deep sources. Isotopic compositions of H₂ indicate that the generation of increment H₂ may be related to recent strong activity of N-W trending fault at the Rehai area. Trace monitoring the H₂ release could be significant in order to keep watch on present activity ofthat fault.     

受热历程中氯化天然橡胶脱氯化氢的研究

电导法测定氯化天然橡胶 (CNR)的脱HCl速率,具有测试精度高、再现性好的特点,可连续测定CNR脱氯化氢的速率,是研究CNR在低温下热降解行为的有效方法。文中研究了温度、试样量、粒度和制备方法等对脱HCl的影响,在这些因素中,其中温度对脱HCl量的影响较大,但在低温下,其脱HCl的量仍然不多,对CNR的质量和使用性能几乎没有影响。     

ZnS:Mn纳米晶的微结构和发光性能

以Na2S·9H2O为硫源,柠檬酸为稳定剂,采用溶剂热法制备了ZnS:Mn纳米晶.通过X射线衍射谱.拉曼光谱和光致发光谱分别研究了ZnS:Mn纳米晶的微结构和发光性能.结果表明:所制备的ZnS:Mn纳米晶均具有立方结构,颗粒尺寸约为2～4nm.掺杂Mn2+替代Zn2+处在置换状态.光致发光谱测试表明纯ZnS纳米晶仅存在...     

云南腾冲热海热田中金和微量元素的分布特征

热海热田内热泉水和各类热水沉淀物中不同程度地富含Ａｕ、Ａｇ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｈｇ、Ｔ１微量元素，金的富集与含黄铁矿的水热角砾岩、硅质泉华更为密切。热田内水热爆炸和沸腾作用广为发育，Ａｕ，Ａｇ、Ａｓ、Ｓｂ、Ｈｇ、Ｔ１微量元素组异常可能是热泉型金矿化浅部的地球化学特征。     

电阻率法研究硫酸侵蚀水泥土的胶结系数

基于Archie法则,通过试验计算出水泥土试块受不同浓度硫酸溶液侵蚀后的胶结系数,研究了水泥土基本物理参数、电阻率参数同胶结系数之间的关系,最后对硫酸侵蚀水泥土的化学机理进行了浅析。研究表明,受硫酸侵蚀后,胶结系数随着硫酸溶液质量浓度的增加而增加,含水量、孔隙率、孔隙比、水泥土电阻率均随着胶结系数的增加而减小,它们呈线性关系,具有较高的相关性,化学反应是导致胶结系数发生改变的根本原因。     

装有等离子体装置的柴油机颗粒物的氧化特性

基于电晕放电原理设计了针板式低温等离子体（NTP）发生器,降低柴油机颗粒物的排放.柴油机满负荷工况下,采集了不同采样点位置的颗粒物样品,利用热重分析仪对经过预处理的颗粒物的氧化特性进行了分析,利用热重试验结果计算了颗粒物的活化能.结果表明,预处理过程中,颗粒物的微分热重曲线呈双峰状,与原始颗粒物相比,经过NTP发生器后逃逸到大气中的颗粒物的峰值点向温度升高方向偏移.与原始颗粒物相比,微粒聚集体在空气氛围中氧化所需的温度较高,逃逸到大气中的颗粒物的氧化温度较低.经过NTP后逃逸到大气中的颗粒物的活化能显著提高,采用KAS法求得的活化能比单一升温速率法求得的活化能小,且升温速率越大,两种方法求得的活化能差别越大.      

Neutralizing antibodies derived from the B cells of 1918 influenza pandemic survivors

Investigation of the human antibody response to influenza virus infection has been largely limited to serology, with relatively little analysis at the molecular level. The 1918 H1N1 influenza virus pandemic was the most severe of the modern era. Recent work has recovered the gene sequences of this unusual strain, so that the 1918 pandemic virus could be reconstituted to display its unique virulence phenotypes. However, little is known about adaptive immunity to this virus. We took advantage of the 1918 virus sequencing and the resultant production of recombinant 1918 haemagglutinin (HA) protein antigen to characterize at the clonal level neutralizing antibodies induced by natural exposure of survivors to the 1918 pandemic virus. Here we show that of the 32 individuals tested that were born in or before 1915, each showed seroreactivity with the 1918 virus, nearly 90 years after the pandemic. Seven of the eight donor samples tested had circulating B cells that secreted antibodies that bound the 1918 HA. We isolated B cells from subjects and generated five monoclonal antibodies that showed potent neutralizing activity against 1918 virus from three separate donors. These antibodies also cross-reacted with the genetically similar HA of a 1930 swine H1N1 influenza strain, but did not cross-react with HAs of more contemporary human influenza viruses. The antibody genes had an unusually high degree of somatic mutation. The antibodies bound to the 1918 HA protein with high affinity, had exceptional virus-neutralizing potency and protected mice from lethal infection. Isolation of viruses that escaped inhibition suggested that the antibodies recognize classical antigenic sites on the HA surface. Thus, these studies demonstrate that survivors of the 1918 influenza pandemic possess highly functional, virus-neutralizing antibodies to this uniquely virulent virus, and that humans can sustain circulating B memory cells to viruses for many decades after exposure-well into the tenth decade of life.     

红腹锦鸡逃逸种群的春季栖息地选择研究

2018年和2019年春季，借助于野外红外触发相机技术，在浙江省下渚湖国家湿地公园对红腹锦鸡逃逸种群的栖息地开展调查研究.结果表明，逃逸的红腹锦鸡倾向选择中坡位、坡度中等(31.57±2.78°)的阔叶林与针叶林栖息，其乔木盖度较低(50±7%)和倒木数量较少(每10 m2根数为4.71±0.86)而落叶盖度较大(90±4%)，并具有优良的避风性和中等湿润度的土壤(p〈0.05或0.01)；而海拔、乔木数量、乔木均高、坡向、灌木盖度和均高、草本盖度、离水源距离及干扰距离等生态因子对其栖息地选择的影响不显著(p〉0.05).分析表明，逃逸的红腹锦鸡种群主要在食物资源丰富、视野较为开阔的林地栖息繁衍和建群，其栖息地选择能随环境条件的变化而有一定程度的改变，具有一定的环境适应性和选择可塑性.综上所述，逃逸红腹锦鸡的栖息地选择可能受食物、隐蔽性、气候、地理条件和障碍物的影响.     

类型中心抽样调查体系的研究

<正>前言 类型中心抽样调查法是当前我国森林资源调查的一种新型方法。它是建立在森林资源概知的基础上,可以根据小班档案或遥感信息资料,分别小班类型,依概知平均数抽取极少的样本单元就能获得一定精度的总体标志值。 类型中心抽样较客观地吸取了典型调查和随机抽样的优点。它将我国传统的典型调查与随机抽样结合起来,把典型调查与统计分析融为一体,使典型调查建立起精度分析系统,有了进行比较分析的可能。这样可以提高典型调查的应用价值,发挥典型调查快速、省工的优势,大大减少了调查人员的外业工作量。因此,有必要在原有的基础上对类型中心抽样在理论上和应用方面进一步研究。 本次实验的特点主要是将3p抽样法(Probability Proportional to Prediction)和众数抽样法引入类型中心抽样中来,使它进一步发挥高效率的作用,把类型中心抽样组成一种调查体系。 本次试验的目的:1.在被抽中的小班内,采用角规点抽样、角规线抽样和常规带状样地组成三套样本,通过比较,选择最优样本单元;2.把3p抽样引进类型中心抽样体系,利用3p样本估测总体蓄积量、生长量(率)和出材量(率),以消除应用数表和调查总体的不一致性而引起的误差。     

花生根瘤菌共生吸氢和固氮的某些特性

用花生根瘤菌某些Hup~+和Hup~-菌株作回接,有接种的植株其根瘤数比对照多。所试菌株在共生条件下表现吸氢和乙炔还原活性。离体根瘤 72 h内其吸氧活性表现起初较低,随后逐渐升高,而后又逐渐下降;但乙炔还原活性则随时间的延长逐渐下降。根瘤吸氢依赖于氧并受CO的抑制。10％外源分子氢可提高乙炔还原活性20～60％。不同生长期的吸氢和乙炔还原活性以盛花期为最高。     

花生根瘤菌在自生条件下固氮和吸氢相关性

花生根瘤菌x_(-1)菌株在自生条件下和合适的培养基中,可诱导固氮酶及氢酶的活性,固氮酶反应产生的H_2(内源H_2)能直接诱导氢酶,氢酶活性表达的时间进程是在固氮反应之后,在外源H_2的存在下,固氮酶和氢酶则可同时表达,不同有机碳化合物对固氮酶与氢酶的影响不同,丙酮酸明显提高固氮活性,但对氨酶没有促进作用,蔗糖对固氮活性没有促进作用但对吸氢表现促进作用,分子H_2明显提高固氮活性,2.4-二硝基苯酚抑制需H_2的固氮活性,在外源H_2存在下其抑制作用更明显,铵抑制固氮酶的形成、固氮酶受铵抑制时氢酶也相应受到抑制。     

一种高楼安全应急逃生器的研究设计

针对社会市场对高楼救援的需求,通过分析市场现有的几种高楼逃生器,从能量转换的角度设计了一种以人体下降势能为动力的新型高楼逃生器。该逃生器具有价格低、下降平稳、使用安全、操作简单、体积小、可同时供多人逃生等显著特点。     

从腾冲热海免培养获得的5个16 S rDNA克隆分析

 用免培养法(culture-independent approach)从腾冲大滚锅高温热泉中获得的16SrDNA,经克隆筛选,测定了其中5个克隆的16SrDNA插入片段的近全序列.构建的系统发育树分析结果表明,5个克隆中有2个是Bacillus属,1个是Hydrogenobacter属,1个是Pseudomonas属,还有1个在Thermodesulfobacteriaceae科,介于Geothermbacterium属和Thermodesulfobacteria属之间.     

Increment of antioxidase activity of transgenic tobacco with betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the leaves of transgenic tobacco plants with betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) gene was about 36% higher than that in the control plants (parent plants), activities of peroxidase (POD) and catalase (Cat) increased by about 62% and 88% respectively. Activities of ascorbate peroxidase (AsSPOD), dehydroascorbate redutase (DAsAR) and glutathione reductase (GR) in ascorbate-glutothion pathway located at chloroplasts increased by 67.7%, 47.9% and 38.8% respectively. These results indicated that the H₂O₂ produced by SOD catalyzing superoxide anion radicals (O^-₂) could be fully decomposed, and could not derive to form the strongest toxicant radicals ·OH. This is the first report to elucidate quantitatively that the activities of two kinds of antioxidative enzymes decomposed radicals and active oxygen were matched. Photoinhibition tolerant capacity of the transgenic tobacco plants was 35% higher than that in the parent plants. Increment of photoinhibition tolerant capacity in the transgenic tobacco plants might be due to increment of antioxidative enzymes activities, in turn being able to more effectively scavenge active oxygen and radicals, protect organization and function of chloroplasts. These results showed that the increment of antioxidative enzymes activities in the transgenic tobacco might be one of the reasons for the increment of resistance in the transgenic tobacco.     

岩石细观损伤过程的CT动态观测

采用宏观轴向应力与密度损伤增量结合分析岩石纲观损伤演化过程。根据ＣＴ图像可以求得岩石损伤过程中任意应力阶段任意区域岩石密度损伤增量,首次将任意区域岩石压密和扩容定量化。岩石密度损伤增量不仅可以反映岩石损伤程度,而且可以描述岩石损伤演化过程。进一步讨论表明,岩石密度损伤增量场能圆满地刻画岩石细观损伤状态和岩石细观损伤过程。     

四条核素递变线间的联系

在正方形核素图中 ,说明了核素稳定区四类以坐标△H(S) =4,4,2 ,2递变的核素线之间 ,一条的中点是另一条的端点 ,四条线以核素10 0 Ru与2 0 0 Hg与坐标S =2 6联系着。共有 46种核素。     

HCl在硫酸铟水溶液中表观热力学性质的研究

在HCl一In2(S04)3一H2O体系中，恒定溶液总离子强度和In2(S04)3在溶液中的离子强度分数，应用经典的电动势方法测定无液体接界电池(A)在278．15—318．15K温度范围内的电动势：Pt，H2(101．325kPa)|HCl(mA)，In2(S04)3(m2)，H2O|AgCl—Ag(A)根据电池(A)的电动势数据，计算了混合溶液中HCl的活度系数γA，当指定温度和保持溶液中总离子强度恒定时，进一步讨论了HCl的活度系数与溶液中In2(S04)3的离子强度分数的关系，结果表明，在溶液总离子强度较低时，HCl的活度系数服从Harned规则．     

Evidence for hydrogen-deuterium exchange in viral particles

Heavy water (D2O) could enhance thermostability of some viruses. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear. Here we report the development of a matrix-aided gas-isotope-ratio mass spectrometry method that allows direct determination of deuterium/hydrogen (D/H) ratio in D2O-treated Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), hepatitis A virus (HAV) and RNA from D2O-treated HAV. The D/H ratiowas expressed as δDSMOW. Our experiments showed that δDSMOW values increased significantly in D2O-treated viral samples compared to normal controls, and increment in δDSMOW of D2O, treated viral samples was in a fine linear relationship with increment in amount of samples loaded in BSA matrix. Our experiments also indicated that increased δDSMOW of D2O-treated virus correlated well with its enhanced thermostability. The results suggested that hydrogen-deuterium exchange occurred in viral particles and its RNA structure as a result of D2O-treatment. Furthermore,such exchange could cause changes in viral phenotype, such as enhanced thermostability.     

中温同时干法钙基脱硫与氨法脱硝的实验研究

为了弄清楚中温条件下同时进行钙基脱硫与氨法脱硝的可行性,该文研究了脱硫脱硝过程中的相互作用。通过固定床实验台在700~850℃研究烟气中NO以及喷入的NH3对CaO固硫反应的影响以及SO2、CO2和H2O存在时固硫产物的脱硝活性。研究结果表明:烟气中的NO对固硫反应无明显影响,NH3仅在700~750℃且有CO2和H2O存在时才会使得CaO固硫反应速率有稍微的降低;SO2使得固硫产物对脱硝反应的催化效果减弱,但这种影响可逆,且H2O会减弱SO2的这种抑制作用。并且固硫产物在SO2,CO2和H2O同时存在时总体仍体现出较明显的脱硝效果。