共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Physiological significance of STAT proteins: investigations through gene disruption in vivo 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
D. E. Levy 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1999,55(12):1559-1567
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Negative regulators of cytokine signal transduction 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
D. J. Hilton 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1999,55(12):1568-1577
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Interferons as a paradigm for cytokine signal transduction 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
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The suppressors of cytokine signalling (SOCS) 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
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The epo genes of many teleosts, including zebrafish, have been cloned following the first identification of nonmammalian EPO
from fugu in 2004. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) animal model is well suited for both developmental and genetic analyses for
studying vertebrate erythropoiesis. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of recent progress in research on teleost
EPO with a focus on its structure, expression and secretion. The EPO receptor and the downstream JAK/STAT signaling pathway
are also discussed.
Received 29 April 2008; received after revision 23 June 2008; accepted 25 June 2008 相似文献
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Nicola Raftery Nigel J. Stevenson 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2017,74(14):2525-2535
Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) is a potent anti-viral cytokine, critical to the host immune response against viruses. IFN-α is first produced upon viral detection by pathogen recognition receptors. Following its expression, IFN-α embarks upon a complex downstream signalling cascade called the JAK/STAT pathway. This signalling pathway results in the expression of hundreds of effector genes known as interferon stimulated genes (ISGs). These genes are the basis for an elaborate effector mechanism and ultimately, the clearance of viral infection. ISGs mark an elegant mechanism of anti-viral host defence that warrants renewed research focus in our global efforts to treat existing and emerging viruses. By understanding the mechanistic role of individual ISGs we anticipate the discovery of a new “treasure trove” of anti-viral mediators that may pave the way for more effective, targeted and less toxic anti-viral therapies. Therefore, with the aim of highlighting the value of the innate type 1 IFN response in our battle against viral infection, this review outlines both historic and recent advances in understanding the IFN-α JAK/STAT pathway, with a focus on new research discoveries relating to specific ISGs and their potential role in curing existing and future emergent viral infections. 相似文献
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Agnieszka Siejka Andrew V. Schally Nektarios Barabutis 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2010,67(6):959-964
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) can act as a potent growth factor in various cancers. The mitogenic activity of this
neuropeptide is exerted through binding to the pituitary type receptors (GHRH-R) or their splice variants (SV). In the present
work, we studied whether this hormone can activate the JAK2/STAT3 pathway which plays a crucial role in cancer cell proliferation
and is also linked to carcinogenesis. We transfected HeLa human cervical cancer cells, which are not sensitive to GHRH analogs
with the pGHRH-R. Transfected cells responded to the GHRH or its antagonist with an increase or a decrease in proliferation,
respectively. These results were confirmed by the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. We then showed that these
effects are linked to the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway. Our work demonstrates the activation of JAK/STAT3 pathway
by GHRH and sheds further light to the mechanisms of the antitumorogenic action of GHRH antagonists. 相似文献
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JAKs and STATs in invertebrate model organisms 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
C. R. Dearolf 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1999,55(12):1578-1584
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Niko P. Bretz Alexei V. Salnikov Claudia Perne Sascha Keller Xiaoli Wang Claudia T. Mierke Mina Fogel Natalie Erbe-Hofmann Thomas Schlange Gerhard Moldenhauer Peter Altevogt 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2012,69(22):3863-3879
CD24 is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that is frequently over-expressed in a variety of human carcinomas and is correlated with poor prognosis. In cancer cell lines, changes of CD24 expression can alter several cellular properties in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. However, little is known about how CD24 mediates these effects. Here we have analyzed the functional consequences of CD24 knock-down or over-expression in human cancer cell lines. Depletion of CD24 reduced cell proliferation and adhesion, enhanced apoptosis, and regulated the expression of various genes some of which were identified as STAT3 target genes. Loss of CD24 reduced STAT3 and FAK phosphorylation. Diminished STAT3 activity was confirmed by specific reporter assays. We found that reduced STAT3 activity after CD24 knock-down was accompanied by altered Src phosphorylation. Silencing of Src, similar to CD24, targeted the expression of prototype STAT3-regulated genes. Likewise, the over-expression of CD24 augmented Src-Y416 phosphorylation, the recruitment of Src into lipid rafts and the expression of STAT3-dependent target genes. An antibody to CD24 was effective in reducing tumor growth of A549 lung cancer and BxPC3 pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice. Antibody treatment affected the level of Src-phosphorylation in the tumor and altered the expression of STAT3 target genes. Our results provide evidence that CD24 regulates STAT3 and FAK activity and suggest an important role of Src in this process. Finally, the targeting of CD24 by antibodies could represent a novel route for tumor therapy. 相似文献
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Daniela Barretto Barbosa Trivella José Ribamar Ferreira-Júnior Laure Dumoutier Jean-Christophe Renauld Igor Polikarpov 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2010,67(17):2909-2935
The IL-10 family of cytokines is comprised of IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-22, IL-24, IL-26, and IFN-λs (IL-28A, IL-28B, and IL-29).
The IL-10 family members bind to shared class II cytokine receptor chains that associate in various combinations in heterodimeric
complexes. Upon interleukin/receptor complex formation, these proteins switch on the Jak/STAT pathway and elicit pleiotropic
biological responses whose variety sharply contrasts with their structural similarities. IL-10 family members are involved
in several human diseases and health conditions and hence their structural analyses may provide valuable information to design
specific therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe the human interleukin-10 family of cytokines, focusing on their
structures and functions, with particular attention given to IL-22 and IL-10. We report on the recently published structures
of IL-10 cytokine family members and their complexes with cognate transmembrane and soluble receptors as well as on interleukin
physiology and physiopathology. 相似文献
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Shilpa Bali David J. Palmer Susanne Schroeder Stuart J. Ferguson Martin J. Warren 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2014,71(15):2837-2863
Hemes (a, b, c, and o) and heme d 1 belong to the group of modified tetrapyrroles, which also includes chlorophylls, cobalamins, coenzyme F430, and siroheme. These compounds are found throughout all domains of life and are involved in a variety of essential biological processes ranging from photosynthesis to methanogenesis. The biosynthesis of heme b has been well studied in many organisms, but in sulfate-reducing bacteria and archaea, the pathway has remained a mystery, as many of the enzymes involved in these characterized steps are absent. The heme pathway in most organisms proceeds from the cyclic precursor of all modified tetrapyrroles uroporphyrinogen III, to coproporphyrinogen III, which is followed by oxidation of the ring and finally iron insertion. Sulfate-reducing bacteria and some archaea lack the genetic information necessary to convert uroporphyrinogen III to heme along the “classical” route and instead use an “alternative” pathway. Biosynthesis of the isobacteriochlorin heme d 1, a cofactor of the dissimilatory nitrite reductase cytochrome cd 1, has also been a subject of much research, although the biosynthetic pathway and its intermediates have evaded discovery for quite some time. This review focuses on the recent advances in the understanding of these two pathways and their surprisingly close relationship via the unlikely intermediate siroheme, which is also a cofactor of sulfite and nitrite reductases in many organisms. The evolutionary questions raised by this discovery will also be discussed along with the potential regulation required by organisms with overlapping tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathways. 相似文献
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Simon HG 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》2002,59(8):1264-1273
As an inroad to the discovery of genes involved in important biological activities, various techniques have been developed
for detecting genes based on their expression levels. Arbitrary amplification of different messenger RNA (mRNA) populations
and their comparison on display autoradiograms made mRNA differential display one of the most straightforward approaches to
identification of differentially regulated mRNAs. Over the past decade this strategy has been employed in many in vitro and
in vivo systems. The use of the method in bird and amphibian model systems is reviewed here, emphasizing several unique combinations
of model system and design of differential display screen. 相似文献
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The plasminogen activator system: biology and regulation 总被引:29,自引:0,他引:29
Irigoyen JP Muñoz-Cánoves P Montero L Koziczak M Nagamine Y 《Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS》1999,56(1-2):104-132
The regulation of plasminogen activation involves genes for two plasminogen activators (tissue type and urokinase type),
two specific inhibitors (type 1 and type 2), and a membrane-anchored urokinase-type plasminogen-activator-specific receptor.
This system plays an important role in various biological processes involving extracellular proteolysis. Recent studies have
revealed that the system, through interplay with integrins and the extracellular matrix protein vitronectin, is also involved
in the regulation of cell migration and proliferation in a manner independent of proteolytic activity. The genes are expressed
in many different cell types and their expression is under the control of diverse extracellular signals. Gene expression reflects
the levels of the corresponding mRNA, which should be the net result of synthesis and degradation. Thus, modulation of mRNA
stability is an important factor in overall regulation. This review summarizes current understanding of the biology and regulation
of genes involved in plasminogen activation at different levels.
Received 21 December 1998; received after revision 8 March 1999; accepted 14 April 1999 相似文献
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The small nematode Caenorhabditis elegans lives in the soil, where mechanical, thermal and most of all chemical stimuli strongly influence its behavior. Here we briefly review how chemical sensitivity is organized at the cellular and molecular level in this organism. C. elegans has less than 40 chemosensory neurons. With few exceptions each neuron senses more than one substance and each substance is sensed by more than one neuron. At the molecular level, as in other organisms, also in C. elegans, seven transmembrane G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), heterotrimeric G proteins, cyclic nucleotidegated ion channels, TRP channels and Ca++ play crucial roles in chemical sensitivity. An unusual feature, possibly due to C. elegans's strong dependence on chemical cues, is the very large number of GPCR chemoreceptor genes (1300-1700) coded in its genome. Genetic approaches have also allowed the identification of new molecules involved in chemical sensitivity that would not have been discovered otherwise. In addition to the basic factors involved in primary signalling, the studies in C. elegans have revealed a network of regulatory pathways and molecules suggesting that fine modulation of the responsiveness of neurons is important, possibly to allow worms to negotiate a continuously changing environment. The experimental versatility of C. elegans has made it possible, in many cases, to determine precisely in which neuron a given molecule or pathway is required and for which biological response. This type of information can contribute to the general field of sensory signalling because it provides correlations between the biochemical properties of molecules and their cellular functions and between these and the in vivo behavioral responses of the animal. 相似文献