共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Detection of inactive enzyme molecules in ageing organisms 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
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Escherichia coli RecBCD is a heterotrimeric helicase/nuclease that catalyses a complex reaction in which double-strand breaks in DNA are processed for repair by homologous recombination. For some time it has been clear that the RecB subunit possesses a 3' --> 5' DNA helicase activity, which was thought to drive DNA translocation and unwinding in the RecBCD holoenzyme. Here we show that purified RecD protein is also a DNA helicase, but one that possesses a 5' --> 3' polarity. We also show that the RecB and RecD helicases are both active in intact RecBCD, because the enzyme remains capable of processive DNA unwinding when either of these subunits is inactivated by mutation. These findings point to a bipolar translocation model for RecBCD in which the two DNA helicases are complementary, travelling with opposite polarities, but in the same direction, on each strand of the antiparallel DNA duplex. This bipolar motor organization helps to explain various biochemical properties of RecBCD, notably its exceptionally high speed and processivity, and offers a mechanistic insight into aspects of RecBCD function. 相似文献
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Type I iodothyronine deiodinase is a selenocysteine-containing enzyme. 总被引:36,自引:0,他引:36
Although thyroxine (3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine, T4) is the principal secretory product of the vertebrate thyroid, its essential metabolic and developmental effects are all mediated by 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), which is produced from the prohormone by 5'-deiodination. The type-I iodothyronine deiodinase, a thiol-requiring propylthiouracil-sensitive oxidoreductase, is found mainly in liver and kidney and provides most of the circulating T3(1) but so far this enzyme has not been purified. Using expression cloning in the Xenopus oocyte, we have isolated a 2.1-kilobase complementary DNA for this deiodinase from a rat liver cDNA library. The kinetic properties of the protein expressed in transient assay systems, the tissue distribution of the messenger RNA, and its changes with thyroid status, all confirm its identity. We find that the mRNA for this enzyme contains a UGA codon for selenocysteine which is necessary for maximal enzyme activity. This explains why conversion of T4 to T3 is impaired in experimental selenium deficiency and identifies an essential role for this trace element in thyroid hormone action. 相似文献
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近十年来,以氢分子为配体的过渡金属配合物的研究日趋活跃,逐渐形成了配位化学的一个新领域,本文讨论了这一新领域的主要成果 相似文献
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Li W Moore MJ Vasilieva N Sui J Wong SK Berne MA Somasundaran M Sullivan JL Luzuriaga K Greenough TC Choe H Farzan M 《Nature》2003,426(6965):450-454
Spike (S) proteins of coronaviruses, including the coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), associate with cellular receptors to mediate infection of their target cells. Here we identify a metallopeptidase, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), isolated from SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV)-permissive Vero E6 cells, that efficiently binds the S1 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein. We found that a soluble form of ACE2, but not of the related enzyme ACE1, blocked association of the S1 domain with Vero E6 cells. 293T cells transfected with ACE2, but not those transfected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 receptors, formed multinucleated syncytia with cells expressing S protein. Furthermore, SARS-CoV replicated efficiently on ACE2-transfected but not mock-transfected 293T cells. Finally, anti-ACE2 but not anti-ACE1 antibody blocked viral replication on Vero E6 cells. Together our data indicate that ACE2 is a functional receptor for SARS-CoV. 相似文献
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赵耀庆 《广西大学学报(自然科学版)》1987,(2)
Agrawal R.K证明了下述定理(见[1]): 定理A 若有限群G可解且其每个二次极大子群在G中S-拟正规,则G超可解。当|G|被3个或3个以上不同素数整除时,G还是幂零的。本文中我们删除了“G可解”的假设并在更弱的条件下证明了同样的结果,即定理3 若有限群G的每个二次极大子群次正规于G,它们或全为单位元群或其中不含于Φ(G)者有一个在G中S-拟正规,则G超可解。当|G|含3个或3个以上不同素因子时,G还是幂零的。 相似文献
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Harvey (Ha-MSV) and Kirsten (Ki-MSV) murine sarcoma viruses induce tumours in animals and transform various cells in culture because of the expression of the ras oncogene product, p21 (ref. 1). Proto-oncogenes homologous with these genes are highly conserved evolutionarily and activated ras oncogenes have been detected in many human cancers. Whether c-ras oncogenes are directly responsible for human carcinogenesis is uncertain; however, it is clear that p21 mediates virus-induced transformation, although by an unknown mechanism. Epithelial and fibroblast cell lines transformed with Ha-MSV and Ki-MSV express p21 (ref. 8) and exhibit reduced adenylate cyclase activity. Like the guanine nucleotide regulatory proteins, Ns and Ni, which mediate stimulation and inhibition, respectively, of adenylate cyclase, p21 is a membrane-associated GTP binding protein, which exhibits GTPase activity. These similarities suggest that p21 and the adenylate cyclase regulatory proteins are related in cellular function, and that p21 depresses adenylate cyclase by inhibiting the activity of Ns or acting as Ni. We have therefore now examined the structural and functional similarities between p21 and Ns and Ni and find no evidence that p21 regulates adenylate cyclase activity by acting as one of these regulatory proteins. 相似文献
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Fusarium solani cutinase is a lipolytic enzyme with a catalytic serine accessible to solvent. 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Lipases belong to a class of esterases whose activity on triglycerides is greatly enhanced at lipid-water interfaces. This phenomenon, called interfacial activation, has a structural explanation: a hydrophobic lid, which at rest covers the catalytic site, is displaced on substrate or inhibitor binding and probably interacts with the lipid matrix. Fusarium solani pisi cutinase belongs to a group of homologous enzymes of relative molecular mass 22-25K (ref. 7) capable of degrading cutin, the insoluble lipid-polyester matrix covering the surface of plants, and hydrolysing triglycerides. Cutinases differ from classical lipases in that they do not exhibit interfacial activation; they are active on soluble as well as on emulsified triglycerides. Cutinases therefore establish a bridge between esterases and lipases. We report here the three-dimensional structure of a recombinant cutinase from F. solani pisi, expressed in Escherichia coli. Cutinase is an alpha-beta protein; the active site is composed of the triad Ser 120, His 188 and Asp 175. Unlike other lipases, the catalytic serine is not buried under surface loops, but is accessible to solvent. This could explain why cutinase does not display interfacial activation. 相似文献
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本研究通过构建一个与脱落酸(ABA)信号传导途径相关的未知基因AB和绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)编码基因的重组质粒,利用基因枪技术将该重组质粒成功转入洋葱表皮细胞,观察并确定了该基因编码蛋白细胞核和细胞质的亚细胞定位,为进一步研究该未知基因的生物学功能及其分子机制提供了思路. 相似文献
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Ca2+ release from endoplasmic reticulum is mediated by a guanine nucleotide regulatory mechanism 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
Ca2+ accumulation and release from intracellular organelles is important for Ca2+-signalling events within cells. In a variety of cell types, the active Ca2+-pumping properties of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have been directly studied using chemically permeabilized cells. The same preparations have been extensively used to study Ca2+ release from ER, in particular, release mediated by the intracellular messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3). So far, these studies and others using microsomal membrane fractions have revealed few mechanistic details of Ca2+ release from ER, although a recent report indicated that InsP3-mediated Ca2+ release from liver microsomes may be dependent on GTP. In contrast to the latter report, we describe here the direct activation of a specific and sensitive guanine nucleotide regulatory mechanism mediating a substantial release of Ca2+ from the ER of cells of the neuronal cell line N1E-115. These data indicate the operation of a major new Ca2+ gating mechanism in ER which is specifically activated by GTP, deactivated by GDP, and which appears to involve a GTP hydrolytic cycle. 相似文献