考虑环境变温作用的大跨桥梁疲劳损伤分析

基于桥梁健康监测系统记录的温度时程数据,研究钢箱梁顶板、底板的温度变化特征和规律,利用间接耦合法将热分析的温度数据作为体荷载施加于结构多尺度有限元模型,获得了环境变温引起的结构应力,实现了从热分析到结构应力的分析.然后,利用健康监测系统记录的应变时程数据,考察车辆荷载和环境变温所引起的应变特征的差异,提取和分离出由环境变温和车辆荷载引起的应变时程,并与模拟得到的应力时程加以对比和相互验证,在此基础上利用连续介质损伤力学理论分析车辆荷载单独作用以及车辆和环境变温交互作用所引起的桥梁累积损伤.结果表明:提出的损伤分析流程可实现桥梁关键部位在考虑环境变温和车辆荷载两种因素作用下的损伤分析.环境变温单独作用所引起的疲劳损伤很小,基本可以忽略,但两者交互作用所引起的结构疲劳损伤相对于车辆单独作用下的损伤有显著差异.在服役初期环境变温的作用并不显著,随着疲劳损伤的不断增加,这种交互作用对结构疲劳损伤累积的影响会愈发明显,即环境温度变化引起的荷载会加速结构服役中后期疲劳损伤的累积速率,进而对结构疲劳寿命产生显著影响.     

车辆荷载作用下软土地基上双舱矩形综合管廊受力特征分析

以广州大学城综合管廊为例,通过建立该段管廊的三维有限元分析模型,分析了车辆荷载作用下软土地基上双舱矩形综合管廊的受力变形特征。分析表明:无论是隔墙位置或者两侧边墙处,管廊水平位移均为底板正、顶板负,但隔墙和两侧边墙的水平位移随高度变化的规律及零值点并不相同;管廊顶板和底板的沉降趋势基本一致,沉降量却有所差别,并发现顶板和底板出现不同程度的起拱现象;管廊顶板和底板存在多处水平应力集中的现象;大、小舱室边墙外侧竖向应力曲线相似,但同一高度竖向应力值有所不同。     

爆炸荷载作用下浅埋综合管廊野外试验与弹性动力响应分析

为了研究管廊结构在爆炸荷载作用下的荷载分布规律、动力响应及破坏机理,评估管廊工程的防护潜力,获取管廊在爆炸荷载作用下的试验数据,设计并开展了管廊结构的抗爆试验.本文主要分析了在比例爆深为2.000,1.587,1.260 m/kg^1/3三种工况下管廊顶板中心处的动力响应.试验测得了三种工况下爆坑大小,以及顶板中心底部纵筋和箍筋及侧墙中心内侧箍筋应变时程曲线、加速度时程曲线、反射压力时程曲线和位移时程曲线.试验数据表明,顶板中心底部箍筋应变远大于纵筋,且振动使管廊产生的反复位移大小相当,建议管廊采用对称配筋、箍筋加密、混凝土保证抗压强度.通过常规武器效应计算软件CONWEP计算并验证了反射压力峰值的准确性,进一步得到了作用于管廊的总压力并将其简化为均布荷载,计算出弹性响应阶段顶板中心的最大位移,与实测位移进行比较,吻合较好.     

预制矩形箱涵受力性能模拟及其潜在的破坏模式

以沈阳市浑南新城区综合管廊工程预制拼装施工段为研究背景,针对城市地下综合管廊预制矩形箱涵单个管节,通过通用有限元分析软件ABAQUS进行数值模拟,研究分析其在不同埋深下的结构变形和应力分布规律.建模中为了尽可能地贴近预制箱涵的实际受力情况,参照实际工程应用对其进行了配筋.本模型中通过改变施加于顶板和侧壁板的荷载大小来模拟埋深的变化:对综合管廊顶板施加均布压力,对侧壁板施加线性变化的侧土压力,最终分析预制箱涵在不同埋深下的结构变形和应力分布,并提出结构安全隐患存在的部位和其潜在的破坏形式,为复杂条件下预制综合管廊的设计和施工提供理论参考.     

润扬悬索桥钢箱梁结构疲劳应力监测及其分析

分析了润扬悬索桥结构健康监测系统记录的钢箱梁结构主要部件在交通和环境载荷下的应变时程曲线的规律,研究得到了润扬悬索桥钢箱梁结构在正常交通载荷、重车过桥和台风经过时的疲劳应力谱的特征;结合该桥实时监测的温度变化,分析得到了钢箱梁结构应变时程和温度时程之间的关联性.研究结果表明:润扬大桥结构健康监测系统中的局部应变监测系统能够有效提供钢箱梁结构疲劳应力监测信息;目前各监测部位的有效应力幅较低,主要由车辆和环境气温变化共同引起,疲劳应力的平均值与环境气温变化有很大相关性;重型卡车通过对桥梁造成的疲劳损伤增量幅值是一般车辆载荷经过时引起的几十甚至上百倍,因此在特大型车辆通过时需要密切关注和监测其引起的过载及其对疲劳累积过程的影响.     

多舱组合预制拼装预应力地下综合管廊地震响应分析研究

了探究多舱组合预制拼装预应力地下综合管廊在地震作用下的响应和表现,对进行了“土-结构”相互作用的有限元分析。分析以四舱综合管廊为例,采用有限元动力时程分析的方法,对不同拼装形式的装配式综合管廊进行了对比分析,同时也对有无预应力钢绞线的拼装结构的应力和变形进行了研究。有限元分析结果表明：无预应力钢绞线的拼装结构在地震作用下的加速度和位移响应均大于整体结构;增设预应力钢绞线的左右拼装结构可以消除左右两结构之间的相对位移,同时也可以减少上下拼装结构之间的相对位移,有效增加了结构的整体性。分析可对预应力装配式综合管廊在地震下的结构安全提供了研究依据,对地下综合管廊的进一步的发展应用提供了参考。     

无腋角综合管廊结构足尺模型静载试验与有限元分析

装配整体式混凝土管廊结构一般不设置腋角,为研究无腋角综合管廊结构的破坏机制、承载能力以及裂缝状况,完成一个多舱无腋角综合管廊节段足尺模型集中荷载下的静载试验,并与带腋角节段模型进行比较.试验结果表明:集中荷载作用下,管廊长跨顶板裂缝宽度达到短期作用下的裂缝宽度限值0.133 mm为控制条件,顶板最终发生剪切破坏.建立有限元模型并利用试验结果加以验证,采用非线性有限元方法分析管廊节段模型,结果表明均布荷载和集中荷载下节段模型的力学性能基本相同.根据节段模型试验和非线性有限元分析可知,无腋角和带腋角管廊结构的设计控制条件均为最大裂缝宽度,但最终破坏均为顶板的剪切破坏.适当增加管廊顶板的纵筋配筋率,不带腋角的管廊结构性能与带腋角的管廊结构性能接近.     

提运架复合工况下长节段大吨位地下管廊结构安全监测与分析

为了掌握雄安新区城市综合管廊运输与架设过程中的廊体受力情况,明确多工况荷载对地基沉降和管节拼缝连接的影响,采用应力和变形监测设备对提运架复合工况下的管廊结构受力性能和沉降变形进行了现场监测和安全分析,通过将应变计安装在关键管节的顶板和侧墙位置,并对管廊架设过程中的典型管节布置静力水准仪和测缝计,获得了不同工况下综合管廊的受力和变形数据。结果显示：1)综合管廊侧墙受压,顶板受拉,但应力值均未超过混凝土强度标准值;2)综合管廊的沉降变形呈波动变化规律,但波动范围较小,最大沉降监测值仅为2.8mm,管廊结构的沉降变形总体可控;3)综合管廊的管节拼缝宽度变形仅为0.05mm左右,关键管节的接头拼缝连接良好。研究结果表明雄安新区综合管廊的结构受力性能良好,地基沉降和管节拼接不受复合工况动态荷载作用的影响。     

城市地下管廊结构地震动力响应分析

地震安全问题是城市地下管廊设计中不得不考虑的部分.先使用反应位移法计算地震时管廊结构的内力,得出管廊薄弱部位.接着使用动力时程方法分析管廊的地震响应,建立土体与结构数值模型,在模型底部输入水平地震作用.采用土-结构界面接触单元,重点考虑土与结构之间的相互作用,得出结构与土之间的分离与滑移情况以及管廊在水平地震作用下的位移变形和应力分布.结果发现:地下管廊标准段结构在水平地震作用下发生明显的侧向位移,容易发生弯剪破坏,而水平方向未发生明显位移;管廊结构地震破坏时的薄弱环节在顶板、底板与侧墙的连接部位以及中隔墙的墙端,在抗震设计中需采取加固措施.     

UHPC预制拼装综合管廊的抗弯性能试验

针对预制拼装RC管廊自重大和吊装难的问题,通过试设计UHPC预制拼装管廊主体构造,并进行1:2模型的静力试验,得到了各级荷载作用下UHPC综合管廊的顶板、底板和侧墙的破坏形态、荷载-变形关系、钢筋和混凝土应变,并对整体受力机制、破坏模式和极限承载力进行了分析。结果表明,UHPC管廊重量可减少30%,破坏模式与RC管廊基本一致,均为弯曲破坏,但UHPC管廊的开裂荷载和变形能力明显提高。在实测数据的基础上,通过简化拉压区应力分布图形,建立UHPC综合管廊抗弯极限承载力的计算方法,得到的计算值与实测值吻合良好,误差在10%左右。提出的计算公式可为UHPC综合管廊的设计计算提供参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with