Effect of actinomycin D on Trypanosoma cruzi

Viable metacyclic forms of T. cruzi, Y strain, treated with an adequate dose of actinomycin D (50 micrograms Act-D/ml/10(7) parasites/ml for 72 h at 28 degrees C) showed the following properties: 1) they lost their ability to replicate in culture medium, in blood and in tissues of normal mice and were no longer able to incorporate tritiated thymidine; 2) they could not penetrate into Vero cells and could not replicate inside normal macrophages; 3) they retained their immunogenicity and the ability to protect mice against a virulent infection; 4) they did not induce histological lesions as described in chronic experimental Chagas' disease.     

Effect of actinomycin D onTrypanosoma cruzi

Summary Viable metacyclic forms ofT. cruzi, Y strain, treated with an adequate dose of actinomycin D (50 g Act-D/ml/10⁷ parasites/ml for 72 h at 28° C) showed the following properties: 1) they lost their ability to replicate in culture medium, in blood and in tissues of normal mice and were no longer able to incorporate tritiated thymidine; 2) they could no penetrate into Vero cells and could not replicate inside normal macrophages; 3) they retained their immunogenicity and the ability to protect mice against a virulent infection; 4) they did not induce histological lesions as described in chronic experimental Chagas' disease.     

Effect of actinomycin D on mice infected with the lactate dehydrogenase virus

Résumé Chez la souris traitée avec de l'actinomycine d, 1 h après injection de virus LDH, la quantité de l'enzyme LDH dans le plasma sanguin et le taux de virus sont élevés. Ces résultats sont discutés au point de vue d'une inhibition possible d'interferone et du mechanisme responsable de l'augmentation de la quantité de l'enzyme LDH.

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Supported by Public Health Service research grant No. 5 R01 CA05742-05 from the National Cancer Institute.

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I am indebted to MissIris Carter for her technical assistance.     

Effect of actinomycin D on the production of acute phase protein in the rabbit

Résumé La production de la protéine en phase aiguë chez le lapin (CxRP), après injection stimulante de thérébenthine, a été arrêtée par l'application i.p. d'actinomycine D. Cette inhibition durait environ 12 h.     

Telomere dynamics unique to meiotic prophase: formation and significance of the bouquet

Telomeres carry out conserved and possibly ancient functions in meiosis. During the specialized prophase of meiosis I, meiotic prophase, telomeres cluster on the nuclear envelope and move the diploid genetic material around within the nucleus so that homologous chromosomes can align two by two and efficiently recombine with precision. This recombination is in turn required for proper segregation of the homologs into viable haploid daughter cells. The meiosis-specific telomere clustering on the nuclear envelope defines the bouquet stage, so named for its resemblance to the stems from a bouquet of cut flowers. Here, a comparative analysis of the literature on meiotic telomeres from a variety of different species illustrates that the bouquet is nearly universal among life cycles with sexual reproduction. The bouquet has been well documented for over 100 years, but our understanding of how it forms and how it functions has only recently begun to increase. Early and recent observations document the timing and provide clues about the functional significance of these striking telomere movements.     

Effect of actinomycin D on the multiplication of the infectious pancreatic necrosis virus of trout

Résumé La croissance du virus de la nécrose infectieuse pancréatique dans les cultures des cellules de la truite est arrêtée dans une proportion de plus de 99% par l'actinomycine D, à toutes les concentrations essayées. La réaction sensible à l'actinomycine a lieu dans les premières phases du processus infectieux.     

Effect of actinomycin D on white blood count and humoral antibody response in hamsters

Zusammenfassung Actinomycin D fÜhrt bei erwachsenen männlichen Hamstern in einer Dosis, die fÜr 15% der Tiere letal ist, zu einem vorÜbergehenden Abfall der Lymphozyten und zu einem kontinuierlichen Anstieg der neutrophilen Granulozyten. Die Bildung agglutinierender Antikörper gegen Schaferythrozyten wird dagegen, unabhängig von der Antigendosis und vom Zeitpunkt der Antigenapplikation, durch Actinomycin D nicht beeinflusst.     

Effect of actinomycin D on RNA and protein synthesis in regions of developing frog embryos

Résumé Aux stades neurula et bourgeon caudal du développement embryonnaire deRana pipiens, traitée à l'actinomycine D, la réduction de la synthèse de protéine est proportionellement moindre que celle du RNA. Aux niveaux semblables de l'inhibition de la synthèse du RNA, la synthèse de protéine a diminué plus fortement dans la région de l'endoderme que dans les cellules de l'ectoderme-mésoderme dorsaux, aux stades embryonnaires mentionnés plus haut. Les données suggèrent que le D-RNA se conserve mieux dans le cytoplasme des cellules de l'ectoderme-mésoderme dorseaux que dans celui des cellules de l'endoderme.

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This research was sponsored by NSF grant No. GB5500 and NIH grant No. GM 16236-01.     

Nucleolar structure during the prophase of Physarum polycephalum]

With Sugihara's fixation technique, electron microscopic study of early-prophase nucleolus in the Physarm polycephalum showed the existence of particular fibrillar structures. The characteristic feature of these spherical structures is an electron-lucid center surrounded by a dense fibrillar component. Their relationships between the "fibrillar centers" and between the rate of ribosomal RNA synthesis are studied.     

Effects of actinomycin D on the distal end regeneration inHydra vulgaris Pallas

Zusammenfassung Actinomycin D-Wirkung auf die Mund-Tentakel-Regeneration beiHydra vulgaris. Auch später absterbende Tiere beginnen die Regeneration, was als Folge einer stabilen RNS angesehen wird.     

The effects of actinomycin D and chloramphenicol on the rat preimplantation embryos

Summary Actinomycin D and chloramphenicol, injected in the rat on day 3 or 4 of gestation, induce embryolethality and embryotoxicity. These effects are revealed on day 5 of pregnancy by reduced number of blastocysts and by decrease of mean blastomeres number.     

The effects of actinomycin D and chloramphenicol on the rat preimplantation embryos

Actinomycin D and chloramphenicol, injected in the rat on day 3 or 4 of gestation, induce embryolethality and embryotoxicity. These effects are revealed on day 5 of pregnancy by reduced number of blastocysts and by decrease of mean blastomeres number.     

Effect of actinomycin D or puromycin on microsomal testosterone hydroxylase activity enhanced by testosterone in female rat liver

Summary The injection of testosterone propionate for 4 successive days into female rats resulted in an increase of the in vitro conversion of the hydroxylated testosterones from testosterone by the hepatic microsomal, fraction, but no change in the content of microsomal cytochrome P-450 occurred. Actinomycin D or puromycin, which was administered for 4 days with injections of testosterone propionate, prevented the enzyme induction.     

Inhibitory effect of actinomycin D on tail atrophy inXenopus larvae at metamorphosis

Zusammenfassung Xenopuslarven, denen zu Beginn der «Metamorphoseklimax» 0,1 Actinomycin D intraperitoneal injiziert wurden, zeigten eine erhebliche Verzögerung der Metamorphose. Biochemisch ist die Hemmung der Schwanzresorption bei behandelten Larven durch die geringe Aktivität der Gewebekathepsine gekennzeichnet.

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This work was supported by a grant from the Schweiz. Nationalfonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Project 2546).