蚕豆根尖微核技术测定美洲大蠊提取物的抑突变性

目的：了解美洲大蠊提取物的抑突变性。方法：将来自大理市周边七里桥村和小关邑村的两份蚕豆,分别随机分成4组：美洲大蠊组、美洲大蠊＋环磷酰胺组、阴性对照组、阳性环磷酰胺组,采用蚕豆根尖微核技术进行检测。结果：七里桥村和小关邑村蚕豆之间微核率无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。用美洲大蠊提取物处理过的蚕豆与阳性对照组之间微核率有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：美洲大蠊提取物对蚕豆根尖微核率有抑制作用。     

美洲大蠊的生药学及分子生药学鉴定

运用生药学及分子生药学方法,对美洲大蠊的中药材特征进行鉴别。采用高效体视显微镜和生物数码显微镜对美洲大蠊的性状特征及其粉末显微特征进行观察记录,并利用分子鉴定方法对美洲大蠊DNA做PCR扩增、测序。将测序结果与中药材DNA条形码鉴定系统中的数据进行同源性比对,检测结果与形态学方法鉴定结果相比较,验证生药学鉴别的准确性。结果显示美洲大蠊粉末体壁碎片多鳞片状纹理,内外壁分层明显;刚毛分粗细两种,颜色分明,二者之间的差异较大;复眼碎片特征明显。分子生药学鉴定结果为蜚蠊科大蠊属昆虫美洲大蠊Periplaneta americana L.,同源性100%。该研究可以确认美洲大蠊的中药材鉴别特征,为保障美洲大蠊药材的安全使用提供了实验依据。     

影响美洲大蠊人工养殖的三种螨虫及其防治

报道在人工养殖的美洲大蠊卵鞘中发现的腐食酪螨、伯氏嗜木螨和养殖环境中发现的茅舍血厉螨。三种螨虫直接或间接为害美洲大蠊，影响美州大蠊的人工养殖，前两种螨虫对卵鞘的总寄生率可达43％，应积极开展防治。     

美洲大蠊等五种蜚蠊酯酶同工酶的比较研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶等电聚焦电泳技术对美洲大蠊的不同发育期和不同器官的酯酶同工酶及五种蜚蠊成虫的酯酶同工酶进行了比较研究。结果表明，美洲大蠊７—８龄若虫的酶带数多于其它虫态，７—１０龄若虫多出一条ＰＩ５．８的酶带。除美洲大蠊外，各种蜚蠊雌成虫的酶带数均多于雄成虫，并与雄成虫共有其所有的酶带数。五种蜚蠊间具有四条共带，相似性高于７０％。美洲大蠊与不同属的德国小蠊问酯酶同工酶的相似性高于与之同属的黑胸大蠊间的相似性．表现出与形态分类的差异。     

美洲大蠊卵鞘中16种元素分析

目的:测定美洲大蠊卵鞘中16种元素的含量情况。方法:样品采用高氯酸和硝酸(1:4)湿法消解,原子吸收分光光度法测定美洲大蠊卵鞘中Co、Mg、Zn、Ni、Se、Cr、Cu、Mn、Fe、Ca、Na、K 12种元素,原子荧光光度法测定Hg、Pb、As、Cd的含量。结果:发现美洲大蠊卵鞘中除了含有人体必需的多种微量元素外,还富含Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Fe等元素,基本不含重金属Cr、Hg、Pb、As和Cd。结论:为进一步研究和综合利用美洲大蠊卵鞘提供依据。     

基于金属有机框架材料UIO-66的荧光传感器检测美洲大蠊多肽

利用金属有机框架材料UIO-66构建荧光传感器,开发了一种能够快速检测美洲大蠊肽的方法。实验表明美洲大蠊多肽DPSFNSWG-NH₂可以有效淬灭UIO-66的荧光,基于美洲大蠊多肽和UIO-66材料之间的荧光内滤效应（Inner Filter Effect,IFE）,构建了一种“turn-off”型荧光传感器用于美洲大蠊多肽的检测。该体系中,UIO-66作为荧光的供体,美洲大蠊多肽DPSFNSWG-NH₂作为荧光的淬灭剂,在最佳条件下,所设计的荧光传感器线性范围为50.00~600.00μg/mL,检测限为34.56μg/mL,且具有良好的重复性和稳定性。同时,该荧光传感器成功用于加标人尿液样品中多肽的检测。     

澳洲大蠊与美洲大蠊总糖含量的比较研究

目的:比较澳洲大蠊与美洲大蠊中总糖含量的差异。方法:采用苯酚-硫酸法测定总糖含量。结果:澳洲大蠊中总糖平均含量为139.6 mg/g,美洲大蠊的为127.6 mg/g,两种蜚蠊的总糖含量差异无统计学意义。结论:两种蜚蠊中总糖含量丰富,且二者的含量比较差异无统计学意义。     

影响美洲大蠊人工养殖的蜚卵啮小蜂及其防治

初步报道了影响美洲大蠊人工养殖的蜚卵啮小蜂(Aprostocetus hagenowii (Ratzeburg)）的生物学特性及其防治方法。     

大孔树脂对美洲大蠊多糖吸附解吸性能考察

目的:通过研究D-101,HPD-400,AB-8等6种不同型号大孔树脂的吸附率及解吸率,确定分离纯化美洲大蠊多糖的树脂类型。方法:以葡萄糖为标准品,利用紫外分光光度法,测定各树脂吸附及解吸前后的吸光度,并以美洲大蠊多糖的吸附量和解吸量为指标,对树脂进行筛选。结果:在6种不同型号的大孔吸附树脂中,HPD-400型大孔树脂静态吸附及解吸效果较好,对美洲大蠊多糖的动态吸附率约为41.5%,动态解吸率达97%。结论:在本实验条件下,HPD-400型大孔树脂是分离纯化美洲大蠊多糖较好的材料。     

美洲大蠊药材中总氨基酸提取工艺优化研究

目的：采用均匀实验设计,对美洲大蠊药材中总氨基酸的提取工艺进行优化。方法：采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定美洲大蠊药材中质量控制指标总氨基酸的含量,选用均匀设计安排实验,对考察提取方法、溶剂用量、提取时间、提取次数进行优化。结果：美洲大蠊药材最佳提取工艺为10倍量95％乙醇,回流提取3次,每次70min。结论：本工艺方法简单、稳定可行,适合药厂生产。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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