束状全列虫（Holosticha diademata）无性生殖期？…

应用蛋白银技术研究了海洋纤毛虫束状全列虫无性性殖期间的细胞发生学,其主要特征为：１）口原基（后仔虫）出现于横棘毛的前方、中腹棘毛列的左侧;老的口围带无需再建而由前仔虫简单继承;２）单一口棘毛来自第一列ＣＡ原基,２根额前棘毛源于最后一刻ＣＡ原基并且所有原基（除第一列ＣＡ原基）均参与了横棘毛的形成;３）缘棘毛在发生上稍晚于背触毛,并且在前／后仔虫表现没步;４）背触毛为一组发生式。     

加拉帕戈斯似殖口虫的形态学、细胞发生学与分子系统学

利用活体观察和蛋白银染色技术对采自甘肃省永昌县马铃薯农田的加拉帕戈斯似殖口虫形态学和细胞发生学特征进行研究,通过提取物种的DNA信息,获得该种的核糖体小亚基基因(SSU rDNA)序列,通过序列比对和构建系统发育树对殖口虫科属间的系统发育关系进行探讨.结果表明,该种形态学特征为:活体大小约为(60～85μm)×(20～25μm),虫体呈长椭圆形,两端收缩钝圆, 3列额腹棘毛列, 1根口棘毛,横前棘毛、横棘毛和尾棘毛均缺失,大核6～8枚,小核1～4枚附着于大核附近.细胞发生学特征为:老口围带被前仔虫完整保留;第Ⅱ～Ⅴ列棘毛原基以初级发生式发生,第Ⅰ列棘毛原基单独发生;无横棘毛、横前棘毛和尾棘毛的形成;左右缘棘毛原基产生于老结构; 3列背触毛原基产生于老结构.分子系统学分析表明加拉帕戈斯似殖口虫与中华殖口虫和殖口虫属未定种以较高的置信值聚为一支,与殖口虫科其他属形成姐妹支,分子信息再次印证殖口虫科为非单元发生.     

包囊游仆虫的皮层及其纤毛结构的形态学研究

应用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究了非分裂时期和分裂时期上海包囊游仆虫的皮层及其纤毛结构的形态学。形态发生中,纤毛原基按口原基,额腹横棘毛、尾棘毛、和背触毛原基的顺序先后在皮层内发生和分化,皮层相应位置也按序形成纤毛原基生长发育的空间。纤毛原基长纤毛时,其上方皮层表面裂开,伴同着新口围带逐渐外露,或新棘毛沿皮层裂口形成的沟槽迁移和定位。皮层表面突起中,唇和第二条脊经历生长发育和分裂的过程,被分配到前、后仔虫中,其中脊向仔细胞传递的这种现象是特殊的。所得结果表明,游仆虫的老口围带纤毛结构发生更新后形成前仔虫的口围带,并且前仔虫波动膜也可能是更新后产生的新结构。     

包囊游仆虫的皮层及其纤毛结构的形态学研究

应用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜研究了非分裂时期和分裂时期上海包囊游仆虫的皮层及其纤毛结构的形态学.形态发生中,纤毛原基按口原基,额腹横棘毛、尾棘毛、和背触毛原基的顺序先后在皮层内发生和分化,皮层相应位置也按序形成纤毛原基生长发育的空间.纤毛原基长纤毛时,其上方皮层表面裂开,伴同着新口围带逐渐外露,或新棘毛沿皮层裂口形成的沟槽迁移和定位.皮层表面突起中,唇和第二条脊经历生长发育和分裂的过程,被分配到前、后仔虫中,其中脊向仔细胞传递的这种现象是特殊的.所得结果表明,游仆虫的老口围带纤毛结构发生更新后形成前仔虫的口围带,并且前仔虫波动膜也可能是更新后产生的新结构.     

宽口虫无性生殖周期中核器和纤毛器的演化

利用改进的蛋白银染色法，研究了宽口虫的形态及其无性生殖周期中核器和纤毛器的发育演化过程。其发生过程为：１．大核改组带出现后，口原基出现在老口围带后方之腹棘毛左侧，其内的毛基体组装成整齐排列的小膜，构成新ＡＺＭ，老ＡＺＭ后部也发生部分更新的现象。２．额腹横棘毛基各５例，分别以３：３：３：４：３方式分化成前、后仔虫的额、腹、横棘毛。３．在第１￣３列背触毛中，分别于前、后仔虫的中部范围产生第１－３列新原     

史氏尖毛虫无性生殖中核器及纤毛器的演化

研究了史氏尖毛虫（Ｏｘｙｔｒｉｃｈａ ｓｈｉｉｘ）无性生殖周期中及纤毛器的发育演化过程。其结果为：１．大核复制带了出现后,口原基最出现在左边等一根横棘毛的左侧,后逐渐向前增生,构成一长形原基带。由口原基的前右角汾化出波动魇基,同时在该处向后组装整齐排列的小膜,构成新的ＡＺＭ,老ＡＺＭ完整地被前仔虫继承。２．额腹横棘毛原基各５例,分别在３：３：３：４：４方式分化成前后仔虫的额腹横棘毛。３．背触毛８￣     

异毛虫Allotricha curdsi的形态及形态发生的扫描电镜观察

扫描电子显微镜技术显示:腹毛目纤毛虫异毛虫(Allotricha curdsi)的口围带领部前1片和口围带翻领基部1片小膜由3列纤毛组成,而不同于其他小膜含4列纤毛的情况;在口围带、波动膜及相应皮层区形成小膜侧向纤毛和口盖结构;背皮层背触毛列中每根背触毛的纤毛单元由含纤毛杆的基体和无纤毛杆的裸毛基体组成;形态发生中前仔虫的口围带是由老口围带部分更新而来,并且后仔虫口围带原基在表膜下首先发生,此后突出表膜形成相应的纤毛器原基,经历一系列的发育分化过程而成为新仔虫的纤毛器.此外,将本种纤毛虫与以前报道的Allotricha curdsi(漠河株系)和Pleurotricha curdsi进行了比较.结果表明,腹毛目纤毛虫口皮层和口围带小膜的组成可能具有一些普遍性特征,口皮层和口纤毛器的结构可作为分类标准依据之一;形态发生中不同种类的纤毛虫其皮层纤毛结构的形态发生,可能是在皮层内不同的深度和皮层表面不同的位置启动的;并且,口纤毛结构的起源对纤毛虫的系统学及分类的研究也具有一定的参考价值.     

敏捷瘦体虫（Yrosomoida agiliformis FOISSNER,1982）无性生殖…

敏捷瘦体虫（Ｕｒｏｓｏｍｏｄｉａ ａｇｉｌｉｆｏｒｍｉｓ ＦＯＩＳＳＮＥＲ，１９８２）为小型腹毛目纤毛虫。利用银染法对该种二分裂期间的形态发生学进行初步研究，指出该虫形态发生的主要过程为：１．伴随大核改组带的出现，口原基发生于老口围带的下方，后演化为后仔虫的口围带。在前仔虫，老口围带及口侧膜完全保留并被继承；２．体棘毛场首先出现后一组棘毛原基，后形成前棘毛场，随后各自独立演化成前后仔虫的８：３／４     

卡龙游仆虫(Euplotes charon)无性分裂期间皮层结构分化的研究

利用蛋白银、孚尔根和银浸等染色方法对分类上有争议的 E.charon的形态结构和无性分裂过程中皮层的发育分化进行了研究 .E. charon表面有额腹、横、尾部棘毛 10、 5、 4根,背触毛 12列,大核倒“ C”形,小核球形 .E. charon在无性分裂过程中,皮层的纤毛器官多由相应原基发育而成（前仔虫的口围带、口侧膜由老口改组后承继下来） .     

纤毛虫阔口游仆虫皮层微管胞器的形态及形态发生

采用荧光紫杉醇直接荧光标记,研究了腹毛类纤毛虫阔口游仆虫(Euplotes eurystomus)中由纤毛器、纤毛器附属微管和非纤毛器微管组成的皮层微管胞器.其中纤毛器、纤毛器附属微管包括口围带及小膜托架微管,波动膜及基部微管骨架网,额腹横棘毛、左缘棘毛及基部的前纵维管束、后纵微管束和横微管束,背触毛及基部的玫瑰花环附属微管等;非纤毛器皮层微管包括背腹面的细小网格状微管,背面的斜向微管层及贯穿于细胞纵长的纵微管层等.形态发生中,老口围带被前仔虫继承,前、后仔虫的额腹横棘毛发生及分化过程中老纤毛器基部微管退化,并且老棘毛及其附属微管可能具有定位和定向作用,但未见直接的物质联系.所得结果为揭示腹毛目纤毛虫皮层微管胞器建构的多样性、细胞皮层微管的分化及其细胞调控提供了基础资料.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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