非负系数多项式的倒数对连续函数的最佳联合逼近

设 C_0~+[0,∞)={f∈C[0,∞):f(x)>0,x∈[0,∞),(?)(x)=0},(?)C~+(X)={f∈C(X):f(x)>0,x∈X(?)[0,∞)},K_n(X)={P∈П_n:P(x)>0,x∈X,P(j)(0) ≥0,j=1,2,…,n,X(?)[0,∞)},其中П_n 表示次数≤n 的代数多项式。本文讨论了用 K_n[0,∞)(或 K_n(X),X 为紧集)中元素的倒数对有限个连续函数f_1,f_2,…,f_(?)∈C_0~+[0,∞)(C~+(X))的最佳联合逼近问题,建立了最佳联合逼近的存在性,特征性及强唯一性定理。     

多目标规划的像问题及其应用

设X,Y,Z皆为拓扑向量空间,C和D分别是Y和Z中的闭凸锥.Z中由D规定的偏序如下:对任意z_1,z_2∈Z,当且仅当z_2-z_1∈D时,z_1≤z_2考虑下述多目标规划问题min f(x);s.t.x∈R(?){x ∈X且g(x)∈C},其中,f:X→Z;g:X→Y.定义1 设(?)∈R,如果(f(?)-D)∩(f(R)\{f(?)}=?,则f(?)称为(1)式的有效点.当f(?)是(1)式的有效点时,称(?)是(1)式的有效解.任给(?)∈R,作映射F(?):X→Z×Y为F(?)(x)=(f(?)-f(x)),g(x)).记H=(D\{0})×C,K(?)={F(?)(x)|x∈X},E(?)=K(?)-c1H.定义2称     

一类算子的谱理论(Ⅰ)——(AC)算子的基本性质

设X是复B-空间,B(X)是X上有界线性算子全体,C是复平面,F是C的一切闭子集类,我们引入一类算子,并研究它的谱理论,算子T∈B(X)称为(AC)算子,若T有性质(A)与(C),我们证明:(1)T∈B(X)是(AC)算子当且仅当对F到X的闭子空间类的同态X(·)满足下述条件:(ⅰ)(F_1∩F_2)=X(F_1)∩X(F_2);(ⅱ)X(φ)={0},X(C)=X;(ⅲ)TX(F)X(F);(ⅳ)σ(T|X(F))F;(ⅴ)对x∈X若存在解析函数x(λ):CF→X,使(λI-T)x(λ)=x,则x(λ)∈X(F),λ∈CF,(2)设T∈B(X)是(AC)算子,则对任何F∈F,有:(ⅰ)若X_T(F)≠{0},则F∩σ(T)≠φ;(ⅱ)若X_T(F)={0},则F∩σ_p(T)=φ,(3)设T∈B(X),σ(T)位于光滑Jordan曲线Γ上,又对每个z∈Γ,存在Γ邻域V上非零解析函数f(z),使 ‖f(z)R(λ,T)‖≤M_z,λ≠z,λ∈V,M_z>0,则T是(AC)算子。     

连续d-cone的Sandwich性质

本文研究了连续d-cone的Sandwich性质,证明连续d-cone的Sandwich性质关于乘积和连续线性收缩封闭.特别地,本文证明了:设X是连续domain,C是连续d-cone,下述两条等价:(1)任给Scott连续映射^q,^p:X×C→-R+满足^q≤^p,若对任意x∈X,^q(x,-),^p(x,-):C→-R+分别是超线性的和子线性的,则存在Scott连续函数∧^:X×C→-R+使得^q≤^Λ≤^p且对任意x∈X有^Λ(x,-):C→-R+是线性函数;(2)X是离散domain即X的任意两个不同元素不可比较.该结果回答了2009年Tix,Keimel和Plotkin提出的一个公开问题.     

广义的Fan-Ha截口定理

为了进一步研究极小极大不等式,首先引进了H-空间,将极小极大定理中的闭性条件与凸性条件进一步削弱,利用反证法与有限交性质将Fan-Ha截口定理以及极小极大定理推广为非线性H-空间上更一般的形式设(X,{ΓA}),(Y,{ΓD})为2个HausdorffH-空间,BCX×Y,且满足如下条件a.对每个x∈X,{y∈Y,(x,y)B}为H-凸集或空集.b.对每个y∈Y,{x∈X,(x,y)∈C}为X中的紧闭集.c.对每个x∈X,存在AxX×Y,Ax=Px×Qx.其中Px为X中的紧闭集,Qx为Y中的紧集.d.又假设存在X的非空紧集K,对每个X的有限子集N,存在X的紧子集LN,LNN,使得①对每个y∈Y,LN∩{x∈X,(x,y)∈Az,对所有z∈LN}是零调的;②对每个x∈LN＼K,{y∈Y,(x,y)∈Az,对所有z∈LN}{y∈Y,(x,y)∈B};e.对每个x∈K,{y∈Y,(x,y)∈Az,对所有z∈X}=.则存在x0∈X,使得{x0}×YC.利用广义的Fan-Ha截口定理,容易将参考文献[1]中的所有结论推广到H-空间上.     

Banach空间中一类广义扰动优化问题最优解的存在性

设X是Banach空间,G是X的非空闭子集,C是X的有界闭凸子集,且0是C的内点,J:G→R是下半连续下有界函数;取x∈X,设φ(x)=infz∈G(J(z)+pC(x-z)).研究了广义扰动优化问题infz∈G(J(z)+pC(x-z))(记作(JC,x)-inf)解的存在性;讨论了函数φ(x)的单侧导数与(JC,x)-inf问题解的存在性的关系;给出了当C紧局一致凸,φ(x)的单侧导数等于1或-1时,(JC,x)-inf问题有解.所得结果推广了已有的一些结果.     

实紧空间X与C(X)到R的Riesz同态

设X是拓扑空间,C(X)是X上所有实值连续函数的全体,在本文中证明了,X是实验紧空间当且仅当,对于每一个Riesz同态φC(X)～R且φ(1x)=1,皆存在唯一一点x∈X,使得φf)=f(x)(f∈C(X))。设X是实紧空间,令Ω是所有C(X)到R的Riesz同态φ且φ(1x)-1的全体.当赋予Ω某一弱拓扑后,证明了Ω同胚于X。     

局部凸空间中的半连续映射

文中得到如下结果: 定理1 设1)X是Z的不空凸子集,K∈2~Z;2)g:X×X→Z使得X_(λg)是u·s·c;3)对于任一x∈X,集Ex是不空凸的,如果X是紧的,则有x∈X使g(x,x)∈K。 定理2 设i)定理1的条件中的设1)、2)被满足,但以g1代g;ii)有紧集M X,使得对于任一x∈X,{y∈M/g1(x,y)∈K}是不空凸的。如果X是拟完备的,则有x∈X使g(x, x)∈K。 定理3 设i)定理1条件中的设1)、2)、3)被满足;ii)X是拟完备闭的。如果有紧集M∈2~Z及α∈X°,使得对于任一x∈X,恒有满足(9)的y∈M。则有x∈X使得g(x,x)∈K。     

另一类广义双拟变分不等式

设2~X是X的非空子集全体所成之集合,E,F是Φ上的拓扑矢量空间(Φ是实数域R或复数域C),(·,·):F×E→Φ为双线性泛函,X是E的非空子集,S:X→2~E和M,T:X→2~F是集值映象和f:X×X→R.则广义双拟变分不等式问题(GBQVIP)是y∈X,使得y∈S(y)和inf Re(f—w,y—x)+f(y,x)≤0,x∈S(y)和f∈M(y).最近Shih-Tan在X为紧凸集和f≡0的情形下研究了上述GBQVIP解的存在性.本文讨论另一类双拟变分不等式问题,即找y∈X,使得y∈S(y)和(f—w,y—x)+f(y,x)≤0,x∈X和f∈M(y).得出了几个变分不等式和GBQVIP解的存在性定理.这些定理改进和推广了Ding-Tan的结果     

一个谱映射定理及其应用

本文建立了有界线性算子的一种函数演算,并得到了这种演算的谱映射定理: 引理1 设T∈D(X)-B(X),ρ(T)≠Φ,则存在S∈B(X)及ξ∈C,λ∈σ_c(S),使T=f_(ξ,λ)(S) 定理1 设T∈B(X),则对ξ∈C,λ∈σ_c(T), 我们有: 1)σ(f_(ξ,λ)(T))=f_(ξ,λ)(σ(T)); 2)σ(f_(ξ,λ)(T)(x)=f_(ξ,λ)(σ_T(x)),x∈X 通过这种演算,可以把无界封闭线性算子表示成有界线性算子函数。利用这种函数演算和相应的谱映射定理,我们证明了无界封闭线性算子是可分解(谱)算子的充要条件是它是有界可分解(谱)算子的函数。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the