土人参愈伤组织诱导及植株快繁体系建立

以MS为基本培养基,附加不同浓度的NAA、6-BA,研究不同激素水平对茎段、叶片、果实愈伤组织诱导的影响。结果表明叶片、茎段的愈伤组织诱导效果最好,出愈率可达100％。愈伤组织在适宜培养基上能快速增殖。带腋芽茎段在培养过程中可产生丛生芽,经继代培养可大量增殖。小苗在无激素MS培养基中容易生根,健壮小苗经驯化后移栽,成活率可达90％。建立了土人参的快繁体系。愈伤组织诱导培养基：MS＋NAA 1．0mg·L^-1＋6-BA 1．0—2．0mg·L^-1;增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA 0．5mg·L^-1＋NAA 0．5mg·L^-1;丛生芽继代增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA 1．0mg·L^-1＋IAA 0．1mg·L^-1。     

西红花球茎组织培养的研究

以球茎切块为外植体，MS为基本培养基，0．5mg·L^-1 6-BA和2mg·L^-1 2，4-D为激素，在（20±2）℃，黑暗环境下培养，可以获得98％的愈伤组织诱导率．愈伤转入MS＋5．0mg·L^-1 6-BA＋5．0mg·L^-1 NAA培养基中，可诱导丛生芽的产生，将丛生芽切成单个不定芽后转移到MS＋4．0mg·L^-1 6-BA＋0．5mg·L^-1 NAA的培养基中，光照条件下可诱导新生小球茎的产生．     

蓖麻的组织培养

以蓖麻（Ricinus communis L．）的胚芽顶、下胚轴、子叶和胚根为外植体,研究不同激素种类和浓度对其诱导脱分化和再分化能力和对丛芽增殖和生根的影响,为蓖麻离体快繁体系的成功建立提供重要依据．结果表明。胚芽顶是最适的芽增殖外植体．最适芽增殖培养基为MS＋BA0．4mg·L^-1＋IAA0．01mg·L^-1;生根培养基为MS＋NAA0．2mg·L^-1;在BA0．5～1．0mg·L^-1、和IAA0．1～0．5mg·L^-1。时,愈伤组织诱导率为56％～100％．分化率为零．     

以胎座为外植体高效克隆毛泡桐的技术

采用优选毛泡桐单株为材料,以胎座、茎段、叶片为外植体,对不同激素种类、组合和浓度在愈伤组织诱导、芽苗分化中的影响进行了研究．实验结果表明,采用胎座为外植体,具有污染率低、诱导愈伤组织和芽分化效率高的优点,从而建立了采取花后35d左右的无胚珠胎座在MS＋2,4-D0．5—2．0mg·L^-。或NAA0．7—1．2mg·L^-1＋6-BA0．1mg·L^-1＋sucrose3％＋agar0．75％培养基中诱导愈伤组织,在2／3MS＋NAA0．3mg·L^-1。＋6BA2．0mg·L^-1＋sucrose3％＋agar0．75％培养基中分化出芽,在1／2MS＋IBA0．5mg·L^-1＋NAA0．1mg·L^-1＋活性炭0．03％＋sucrose2％＋agar0．75％的培养基中生根培养,并且在2／3细砂＋1／3同土为基质保湿控阳条件下试管苗移植的高效克隆泡桐的技术体系．     

铁皮石斛原球茎生长分化及生根壮苗研究

目的:筛选适宜铁皮石斛原球茎生长分化及生根壮苗的培养基,提高继代扩繁系数和组培苗的质量.方法:在相同的培养条件下,把相同发育阶段的原球茎接种于含不同激素比例的培养基中生长;把丛生芽接种于蔗糖浓度不同的培养基中生长;把相同高度的幼苗接种于含不同附加物的培养基中生长;对结果所产生的不同生长状况进行综合分析.结果:原球茎的增殖以1/2MS添加BA2.0mg/L NAA0.5mg/L或BA3.0mg/L NAA0.5mg/L的激素比例为佳;原球茎分化以1/2MS添加BA2.0mg/L NAA0.2mg/L或BA3.0mg/L NAA0.2mg/L的激素比例为佳;丛生芽的生长中以30%蔗糖浓度的培养基为佳;生根壮苗中最佳的附加物为香蕉.     

红玫瑰嫩茎组织培养的研究

以红玫瑰嫩茎为外植体进行组织培养快繁技术的研究.采用MS培养基为基本培养基,添加低浓度的激素.诱导不定芽培养基为NAA0.40 mg· L^-1,IBA0.5 mg· L^-1;增殖培养基为MS＋ZT0.10～0.20 mg·L^-1＋活性炭3g·L^-1;生根培养基为1/2 MS＋NAA0.4mg·L^-1＋活性炭3g·L^-1.结果表明,红玫瑰茎段的芽萌发对不同的激素浓度反应敏感,高于或低于最适浓度对生长不利;在继代培养时侧芽长势较好,易生根,易培养.     

人参快繁条件的优化

以人参种子在无菌条件下培养出来的无菌苗的幼嫩叶片以及不同器官、人参成体的块茎及叶作为外植体,接种到附加着不同浓度的NAA、KT、IAA、6-BA以及它们分别组合的MS固体培养基上;总结出外植体在同样的诱导条件下有很大的差异,且不同的培养基对外植体的影响不同。结果表明,MS＋NAA0.1mg·L^-1＋KT0.5mg·L^-1是诱导愈伤组织的最好的培养基;最理想的诱导丛生芽的培养基为MS＋6-BA1.5 mg·L^-1＋NAA0.5mg·L^-1;最佳诱导不定芽生根的培养基为MS＋KT0.5mg·L^-1＋IAA0.3mg·L^-1＋6-BA0.2mg·L^-1＋活性炭3g;移栽、扦插的试管苗在炉灰渣中生长得最旺盛,所以最理想的基质是炉灰渣。     

毛唇独蒜兰的离体快速繁殖研究

以毛唇独蒜兰的原球茎块作为外植体进行快速繁殖的研究,结果表明：毛唇独蒜兰（Pleione hookeriana）在1/2MS＋6-BA 1mg/L下丛生芽的出芽率为80％,而在TH＋NAA 0.2 mg/L＋6-BA 1mg/L下丛生芽的出芽率93％,并且增殖倍数比1/2MS多.在MS＋土豆50 g/L培养基有利于毛唇独蒜兰原球茎增重.诱导丛生芽的原球茎切块大小不小于0.5 cm×0.5 cm×0.5 cm.     

烟草的组织培养技术研究

以烟草（Nicotiana tabacum L.）幼嫩叶片、茎段和带有叶片的茎段为外植体,对其进行组织培养研究.结果表明：烟草组织在MS＋0.1mg·L^-16-BA＋0.5mg·L^-1NAA的培养基中能诱导形成不定芽和根;在MS＋0.5mg·L^-16-BA＋0.1mg·L^-1NAA的培养基和MS＋0.5 mg·L^-16-BA＋0.5 mg·L^-1NAA的培养基中能脱分化形成愈伤组织,但只能诱导形成不定芽;带有叶片的茎段最容易诱导形成愈伤组织.     

菊花的组织培养研究

以菊花侧芽茎尖做外植体，通过二次表面灭菌，得到茎尖无菌培养物．根据长出丛生芽的芽数的多少，筛选出适合菊花茎尖离体培养的培养基．MS＋6-BA5．0mg／L＋NAA0．01mg/L的固体培养基适宜于诱导侧芽生长出丛生芽；丛生芽转入到MS＋6-BA3．0mg/L＋NAA0．01mg／L培养基上进行继代培养扩大增殖：取长2～3cm的芽苗在1／2MS＋NAA0．1mg/L培养基上生根并形成完整植株．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has