北秦岭—桐柏蛇绿岩套的地球化学和构造背景

本文提供北秦岭—桐柏加里东构造—岩浆带中蛇绿岩套的地层层序,岩石化学和地球化学资料,并讨论其形成的构造背景。该蛇绿岩套地层层序自下向上可分为六个单元:(1) 构造定位的超镁铁岩带;(2) 第一期细碧—角斑岩系;(3) 硅质岩;(4) 复理石建造;(5) 第二期细碧—角斑岩系;(6) 火山沉积岩系。岩石学、岩石化学、地球化学及稀土模式特征均表明该岩套是在加里东优地槽——弧后盆地中形成的;火山—沉积岩系是“原地”成因的。华北和华南两古板块之间曾长期存在古海洋,并在海西期实现拼贴对接和古大洋的消失。     

论新疆东准噶尔蛇绿岩的时代及其意义

讨论了位于新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘的克拉麦里和阿尔曼太两条蛇绿岩带。侧重从蛇绿岩自身的同位素定年、伴生组分的微体古生物和蛇绿岩带的区域构造等方面系统阐述这两条蛇绿岩带的时代。作者得到的新认识是：这两条蛇绿岩带所代表的古洋发育的时代相近,可能从新元古代晚期开始孕育,发育的鼎盛时期是寒武纪至早、中奥陶世,晚奥陶世到早志留民为其萎缩、闭合时期,这个新认识在重建古亚洲洋和认识北疆大陆地壳演化历史方面都有重要意义。     

Forming age and tectono-petrogenises of the Jiugequan ophiolite in the North Qilian Mountain, NW China

The Jiugequan ophiolite is one of the representative ophiolite fragments in the Early Paleozoic orogenic belt of the North Qilian Mountain. It has been drawn much attention and extensively studied in recent years. In this study, ion microprobe (SHRIMP) U-Pb dating was carried out for zircons from isotropic gabbro from the Jiugequan ophiolite. Eighteen analyses yield a relatively consistent apparent ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages from 480 to 508 Ma with a weighted mean age of 490±5 Ma (MSWD=1.06), which is believed to be the crystallization age of the gabbro and thus the forming age of the Jiugequan ophiolite. Major and trace element geochemical study indicates that the diabase-basalts from the Jiugequan ophiolite have N-MORB and E-MORB characteristics with some subduction-related signatures. The petrological, geochemical and chronological data enable us to conclude that the Jiugequan ophiolite is most likely to be formed at a spreading center of back-arc basin during the early Ordovician, while the ancient Qilian oceanic plate subducted northwards. The acquisition of forming age and determination of tectonic setting for Jiugequan ophiolite provide significant constraints on the evolution of intra-oceanic subduction system in the North Qilian orogenic belt during the Early Paleozoic era.     

阿拉善北部恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩的形成机制

恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩是化北板块与塔里木板块缝合的标志，研究结果表明蛇绿岩可分为上俯冲带型（ＳＳＺ））和洋脊型（ＭＯＲＢ）两类，混杂岩中部分砂岩源自塔里木被动大陆边缘，部分源自与ＳＳＺ相关的构造环境和南侧的沙拉扎山火山弧，蛇绿岩形成侵位经历了三个阶段，在古壳俯冲作用之前，“弧”前拉张作用形成了ＭＯＲＢ型蛇绿岩，古洋壳向南俯冲的早期阶段形成了ＳＳＺ型蛇绿岩和在洋壳冲闭合期间，蛇绿岩发生拆离并向北仰冲侵     

Discovery of Ordovician acritarchs in Buqingshan ophiolite complex, East Kunlun Mountains and its significance

This note reports the first discovery of Middle-Late Ordovician acritarchs from the Buqingshan ophiolite complex of the southern ophiolite zone of East Kunlun. The acritarch assemblage is dominated with acanthomorphids (approx. 32%) and sphaeromorphds (approx. 63%) and contains more characteristic forms, such as Lophosphaeridium edenense, L. varum, Nothooidium sp.,? Buedingiisphaaeridium sp., Visbysphaera sp., Strophomorpha sp., etc. In addition, some tube-like fragments and tetrads, which are recognized as affinity to terrestrial plants and usual occurrence in Late Ordovician-Early Silurian strata, are preserved together with acritarchs. All the known fossil evidence indicates that the strata should be Middle-Late Ordovician in age. It not only provides paleontological proof for the existence of Ordovician ophiolite, but also challenges the usual ideas on strata composition of the studied area and the southern ophiolite zone of East Kunlun, and the models on tectonic framework and evolution of this area and the northern part of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.     

华北与扬子板块碰撞带青岛仰口构造混杂岩的三期变形及区域构造意义

青岛仰口构造混杂岩位于大别－胶南造山带东段，为华北与扬子板块碰撞带边界韧性剪切带内的蛇绿混杂岩．它大体经历了三期变形，始于印支期，历经燕山期至后燕山期．     

西藏雅鲁藏布江一带中生代沉积盆地的演化

经过研究证实,在雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩的南北两侧,有两套形成于雅鲁藏布江洋底盆地的沉积组合,它们不但形成于不同时代,而且属于不同构造环境下的产物。时代属于晚侏罗世到早白垩世的南侧沉积组合为放射虫硅质岩-层状玄武岩,其沉积特征类似于太平洋洋隆类型,反映了它可能是属于西藏特提斯快速扩张的产物。根据最近所发现的圆笠虫化石确定北侧一套的时代属于中白垩世,它是蛇绿质碎屑岩-枕状玄武岩组合,反映了一种类似于大西洋洋脊类型的、慢速扩张的板块构造环境。它是正常沉积接触关系覆于雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩套之上。雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩套是这个时期形成的洋壳的残留体。在晚白垩世时,雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩被捕获在北部的冈底斯山弧前并且变为冈底斯南缘弧前盆地的基底。随后日喀则群浊积岩在其上堆积。     

东秦岭松树沟蛇绿橄榄岩结构构造及其组构特征

东秦岭松树沟蛇绿岩的橄榄岩结构构造及组构研究表明，该蛇绿橄榄岩主要经历了３期塑性变形的叠加改造，分别为洋盆扩张阶段以动态重结晶作用为主要特征的塑性变形、蛇绿橄榄岩块底辟侵位于上覆玄武岩过程中的高温塑性变形和蛇绿岩构造侵位过程中的低温塑性变形，反映了其特征的构造演化过程。     

羌塘地块北界拉竹龙—西金乌兰—玉树结合带印支期构造环境探讨

认为羌塘北部边界断裂结合带在印支期期间具有明显的构造分段性,其东段在玉树地区发育有较完整的蛇绿岩组合,且发育有限洋盆;此有限洋向西延伸呈收敛的趋势,由有限洋逐渐转变为陆间裂谷至大陆边缘裂谷,蛇绿岩组合逐渐消失,火成岩渐变为裂谷型双峰式火山岩组合。     

The Dongcaohe ophiolite from the North Qilian Mountains： A fossil oceanic crust of the Paleo-Qilian ocean

The Dongcaohe ophiolite, located at the south of the North Qilian subduction complexes, is a tectonic block with an exposed area of about 3 km×6 km. It consists of an intrusive section overlain by an ex- trusive section. The lower part of the intrusive section consists of cyclic layers of cumulate dunites, troctolites, anorthosites, anorthositic gabbros, and gabbros with small discordant dunite and troctolite bodies. This layered sequence grades upward to isotropic gabbros and gabbronorites, which are overlain by the extrusive sequence of diabasic sheeted dikes and basaltic lavas. The overall mineral crystallization sequence was olivine±Cr-spinel, plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene, and Fe-Ti oxides. The Cr-spinel (Mg#: 42-66, Cr#: 41-57) in these layered cumulates and present-day abyssal peridotites have similar compositions. Also, the compositional variations of the plagioclase and cli- nopyroxene in the intrusive section reflect crystallization from melts compositionally similar to the present-day ocean basalts. Moreover, the rare earth element (REE) and multi-element distribution pat- terns of the intrusive and extrusive lithologies in the Dongcaohe ophiolite are consistent with crystal- lization of mid-ocean ridge basalts. The zircon grains separated from the gabbronorite have an SHRIMP average 206Pb/238U weighted age of 497 ± 7 Ma, which is considered as the tectonic emplacement age of the Dongcaohe ophiolite. The field occurrence, mineral and whole-rock compositions indicate that the Dongcaohe ophiolite represents a well-persevered oceanic crustal fragment composed of a complete oceanic crustal section of layered cumulates at bottom upgrading through isotropic cumulates to sheeted dikes and lava flows.     

广西融水蛇绿岩及其矿床组合特征

本文通过对广西融水一带蛇绿岩野外地质、常量元素岩石化学、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学研究,论证了该蛇绿岩及其形成的构造环境,并对蛇绿岩套中的矿床组合特征及成矿作用作了论述。     

滇东—黔西南泥盆纪构造格局及岩相古地理演化

滇东-黔西南泥盆纪时位于古特提斯洋东缘,构造格局可划分为特提斯洋板块的哀牢山大洋裂谷系,扬子板块的滇东南-黔南被动陆缘裂谷系和滇东北-黔南陆内裂谷系三个构造单元。三裂谷系中发育有三个性质和内部结构不同的沉积盆地。盆地中晚古生代沉积建造和火山活动受盆内同沉积断裂拉张和走滑控制,在每一盆地中泥盆纪沉积相展布格局和岩相古地理演化与裂谷系中同沉积断裂活动相对应。     

Characteristics of the island-arc pillow lavas from southeast Yunnan Province, and its tectonic implications for Paleo-Tethys in South China

Based on the geological mapping, it is suggested that the pillow lavas exposed in Jianshui area in southeastern Yunnan Province are emplaced into the western part of Shizong-Mile faults, the boundary between the Yangtze and Cathaysian blocks, and mainly composed of tectonic massive of basalts and basaltic andsites. The geological and geochemical studies show that these lavas erupted in an island arc tectonic setting, which suggests that there existed the subduction of oceanic crust between the Yangtze and Cathaysian blocks. The paleontological fossils in the sedimentary interlayers between the volcanic rocks indicate that these pillow lavas erupted during Carboniferous-Permian. The geologic and geochemical evidence suggested that there existed an eastern branch of Paleo-Tethys between the Yangtze and Cathaysian blocks in southeastern Yunnan, South China.     

东准噶尔地区板块构造特征及演化

该文根据区域地质构造特征、蛇绿岩带产出状态及地球物理资料等，划分东准噶尔及其邻区板块和次级构造单元，并探讨东准噶尔地区基底性质，从而揭示了东准噶尔板块由早古生代的大洋环境向晚古生代的大陆边缘至陆壳的演化历程和造山模式。     

云南小江地区小震震源机制及构造应力场研究

利用云南小江断裂带密集地震台阵的区域地震波形观测资料, 对台阵覆盖区2016—2019年的地震事件进行定位, 获得674个地震的定位结果。通过P波初动极性与S/P振幅比方法(HASH)反演, 确定其中222个小地震的震源机制解, 进而通过MSTASI程序反演小江区域构造应力场。结果表明, 小江断裂带周边地震以左旋走滑为主, 由震源机制反演得到的主压应力方向为NW-SE向, 与前人研究结果以及区域 GPS观测结果有较好的一致性。初步分析显示, 与小江断裂带北段相比, 小江断裂带中南段受到的水平构造压应力略为减缓, 可能与区域构造应力的释放有关。     

古塔里木大陆东北缘加里东期蛇绿岩套的发现及其构造意义

近年发观的红柳河蛇绿岩套,在地理上位于新疆和甘肃两省区的边界上。该岩套由一个从二辉榄橄岩、方辉橄榄岩、堆积杂岩和辉绿岩到伴有碧玉硅质岩的上、下枕状熔岩层序构成,根据地质证据和化石证据证明,这个蛇绿岩发育在古塔里木大陆东北缘,时代为中—上志留世,因此它具有许多不同于产出在大洋中脊的蛇绿岩特征监暗示出大陆边缘这样一种构造背景。例如,人们可以看到一些包括大陆基底岩石在内的捕虏体和它们的热变质作用以及可归因于大陆壳撕裂的水的作用。岩石学和地球化学还表明来自上地幔的岩浆穿过陆壳监经历了强烈的混染作用。此外,它还说明中天山构造带和塔里木古陆之间的关系是:蛇绿岩形成的中上志留世以前,它们两者是一个整体,那之后,塔里木古陆维持原状,而中天山则在泥盆—石炭纪演化成—岛弧。     

滇西北三江并流带观赏石资源特征研究

观赏石是一种商品性旅游地质资源。滇西北三江并流带独特的地质地理环境造就了丰富多样的观赏石资源,但目前尚缺乏系统研究。为适应滇西北旅游开发的需要,文章对三江区观赏石资源的成因、分类、形态特征、地理分布、规模及开发利用价值等进行了研究。主要根据形态特征,把三江区观赏石资源划分为狭义观赏石、宝玉石和彩石、观赏石材及观赏矿石矿物四大类,重点研究了金沙江蛇绿岩地质事件石、三江石、宝玉石和彩石的成因、形态特征及地理分布,并新发现了两类造型石——金山石和麻花石。并就观赏石资源的保护、科研评估及旅游开发等方面提出了对策。     

Age of Bangong Lake SSZ ophiolite constraints the time of the Bangong Lake－Nujiang Neo-Tethys

The Bangong Lake ophiolite is located in the westernmost part of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang River suture zone. It is a tectonic mélange consisting of numerous individual blocks of peridotite, pillowed and massive lavas and mafic dykes with SSZ-type ophiolitic geochemical affinity formed at the end of a Wilson circle. The SHRIMP U-Pb ages of the co-magmatic zircon domains from one gabbroic dyke (Sample 01Y-155) range from 162.5±8.6 Ma to 177.1±1.4 Ma with an average of 167.0±1.4 Ma (n = 12, MSWD = 1.2), suggesting that the subduction of the Bangong Lake Neo-Tethyan Ocean started before the Middle Jurassic. It is inferred that the tectonic transform from spreading to subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean began before the Middle Jurassic in the Bangong Lake area.     

滇东南新建普腊水库环境地质特征及工程地质条件影响因素分析

滇东南位于云贵高原向桂东溶原过度地带,是滇东岩溶区的主体,新建云南省麻栗坡县普腊水库位于该区域。在收集了区域基础资料的基础上,立足于水库设计选址阶段,以滇东南为背景,以普腊水库为载体,分析了地处滇东南普腊水库的环境地质特点。从工程地质的角度出发,分析总结了水库工程地质问题的决定性因素。为滇东南新建小型水库选址、安全生产、水库维护管理提供了可借鉴的理论依据。分析认为,岩土体性质、区域构造及岩溶分布对滇东南小型水库的工程地质条件有决定性作用。     

滇西北三江地区新构造运动特征

滇西北三江地区新构造运动较为活跃和强烈,新构造运动主要表现为强烈的隆升运动.以地貌研究为主,从该地区多级阶地、多级夷平面的发育、河流袭夺等方面归纳了新构造运动的表现特征,简要总结出新构造运动的特点及其与环境的关系.