Modulation during sleep of the spino-cerebellar evoked potentials

Riassunto Nel sonno desincronizzato si osserva una depressione fasica delle risposte cerebellari evocate dalla stimolazione di nervi dell'arto posteriore. Questa depressione ipnica della risposta spinale cerebellare è completa durante i REM, ma si manifesta, sia pure parzialmente, durante i movimenti oculari isolati che compaiono negli Intervalli tra i tipici REM.

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This investigation was supported by PHS research grant No. NB-02990-05 from the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Blindness, N.I.H., Public Health Service (USA).     

Transport of the synthetic peptide DSIP through the blood-brain barrier in rabbit

Summary The synthetic delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP) passes the blood-brain barrier, since i.v. injection in free moving rabbits (30 nmoles/kg) significantly increases the cortical delta activity and decreases the motor activity during 5 h.Acknowledgment. This work was supported by grants from the Swiss National Science Foundation (Nos 3.871-72, 3.525.75, 3.443.074, 3.780.076), Fonds für Lehre und Forschung der Universität Basel, Merck Sharp and Dohme (USA), Ciba-Stiftung Basel.     

Glucocorticoid localization by radioautography in the rabbit eye following systemic administration of3H-dexamethasone

Summary Dexamethasone was localized radioautographically in the nuclei of target cells of the rabbit eye, following i.v. administration of the labeled steroid. Nuclear receptors in stromal and endothelial cells of the outflow pathway region suggest that glucocorticoids may alter the outflow facility by specific responses of target cells.Acknowledgments. This work was supported by grant EY-01313 of the National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md, USA.     

Identification and biosynthesis of steroid hormones in the gonads ofCiona intestinalis

Riassunto Da 185 g di tessuto testicolare diCiona intestinalis sono stati estratti ed identificati i seguenti ormoni steroidi: deidroepiandrosterone, cortisone e cortisolo. Nel tessuto ovarico é presente il cortisone. Incubando il tessuto testicolare con pregnenolone-7-H³ e progester-one-4-C¹⁴ sono stati isolati i seguenti metaboliti: deidroepiandrosterone, testosterone, e desossicorticosterone. Dalle incubazioni del tessuto ovarico con gli stessi precursori sono stati isolati i seguenti metaboliti: 17-idrossipregnenolone, deidroepiandrosterone, androstenedione, testosterone, desossicorticosterone e cortisone.

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Research supported by a grant from the National Research Council of Italy.     

Incorporation of35S-labelledl -cysteine andl -methionine in the ependyma of the subcommissural organ in the thyroidectomized rat

Zusammenfassung Nach Thyreoidektomie wurde die Inkorporation von i.p. verabfolgtem und mit³⁵S markiertem Cystein und Methionin im Ependym des Subkommissuralorgans der Ratte untersucht. Die Cystein-Aufnahme war stärker reduziert als diejenige von Methionin.

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This study was financially supported by the National Research Council for Medical Sciences, Finland and the Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Helsinki (Finland).     

Reappearance in vivo of neuraminidase-sensitive sialic acid in L 5222 rat leukemia cells

Summary Cell electrophoretic data and quantitative sialic acid determination show that, 16 to 20h after i.p. implantation of neuraminidase-treated L 5222 rat leukemia cells, the original sialic acid content at the cell periphery is reconstituted.This investigation was performed within the EORTIC Cell Surface Project Group and supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation, Grant No. 3.901.72, and by the Zürich Cancer League.     

Cyclosporins: Immunosuppressive agents with antitumor activity

Summary Initial screening of the 2 recently developed immunosuppressive agents, cyclosporin A and cyclosporin C, in 11 murine transplantable neoplasms revealed significant increase of lifespan with long-term survivors after i.p. injection to the ascites tumors, Taper liver, Sarcoma 180J and Ehrlich.This work was supported in part by grant CA-08748 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of HealthDepartment of Health, Education and Welfare. The authors are indebted to Drs Dorris J. Hutchison, M.N. Teller and H. Stähelin for helpful discussions, and to Dr A. von Wartburg of Sandoz AG, Basel, for the supply of the cyclosporins.     

Some aspects of the NMR-spectra of aporphine and phenanthrene alkaloids

Summary The C-11 proton of an aprophine possessing a C-1,2 methylenedioxy group falls relatively upfield between 7.47 and 7.86. Additionally, the i.c.s. for the two protons of the methylenedioxy group is large (4–12 Hz). The presence of a methylenedioxy at C-3,4 in a phenanthrene alkaloid also results in an upfield shift ( 8.95–9.00) of the C-5 proton.This project was supported by NIH research grant No. HL-12971, awarded by the National Heart and Lung Institute, PHS/DHEW.     

Determination of methylguanidine in serum and urine from normal and uremic subjects

Riassunto Viene descritto un metodo di dosaggio della metilguanidina nel siero e nell'urina e vengono riportati i valori normali della concentrazione serica (0.008±0.002 mg/100 ml) e della eliminazione urinaria (1.83±0.29 mg/24 h). Tanto la concentrazione serica quanto la eliminazione urinaria degli uremici sono risultate elevate.

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Supported by the National Institutes of Health (Contract No. PH-43-68-1466).     

Partial sequence of the tyrosine region of neocarzinostatin

Zusammenfassung Das antitumoraktive Protein-Antibiotikum Neocarzinostatin wurde mit Dithiothreit in flüssigem Ammoniak reduziert und mit Chloressigsäure alkyliert. Tryptische Spaltung des tetra-S-carboxymethylierten Proteins ergab 5 Fragmente. Die Sequenz von 25 Aminosäureresten im tyrosinhaltigen Fragment H₃ wurde durchEdman-Abbau im automatisierten Sequenator ermittelt.

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This work was supported in part by Public Health Service Research Grants No. C-6516 from the National Cancer Institute and No. FR-05526 from the Division of Research Facilities and Resource, National Institutes of Health, to the Children's Cancer Research Foundation and by grants No. AM 04501 and No. AM 11794 from the National Institute of Arthritis and Metabolic Diseases to the Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital.     

Visual pigment regeneration: Occurrence in frog retina upside down upon the pigment epithelium

Summary Visual pigment regeneration in the frog requires apposition between the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. However, regeneration occurs nearly as well with the retina upside down (i.e. with the inner limiting membrane facing the pigment epithelium) as right side up.Acknowledgments. Supported in part by the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Administration and National Eye Institute Grant EY-01678.     

Forecasting the economic recession in the U.K. 1979-1982: A comparison of model-based ex ante Forecasts

This paper compares the forecasts of recession and recovery made by five non-government U.K. teams modelling the economy (Cambridge Econometrics, the London Business School, the National Institute of Economic and Social Research, the Cambridge Economic Policy Group and the Liverpool Research Group). The paper concentrates on annual ex ante projections as published over the period 1978-1982, i.e. forecasts made, before the event, of the onset, length, depth and character of the economic recession in the U.K. which began in 1979. The comparison is in terms of year by year changes in production, unemployment, prices and other variables. It concludes that no group was systematically better or worse than other groups (confirming U.S. experience) and that the groups tended to perform better in their chosen areas of specialization, e.g. medium-term groups did better at forecasting the medium-term outcome.     

The generality of the nitroso-glyoxylate reaction: Conversion ofp-nitronitrosobenzene to the hydroxamic acid

Summary The reaction of glyoxylic acid withp-nitronitrosobenzene (1b) in dilute aqueous solution gave the hydroxamic acid (2b) as the major detectable product. The significance of this observation with respect to the title reaction is discussed.This study was supported by grant No. CA 32395 from the National Cancer Institute, and by Research Career Development Award ES 00120 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, DHHS.     

On the distribution of plasma L-asparaginase

Summary The guinea-pig,Cavia porcellus, is unusual in possessing plasma L-asparaginase, an enzyme with anti-tumor activity. 21 additional species have been examined as to the presence of this enzyme: the results confirm and extend its remarkably limited species distribution.This work was supported in part by grant GM/CA 25378 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health.We are grateful to dr Hanna Hensch, Philadelphia Zoological Garden, and Ms Joan Whitla and Dr Richard J. Montali, National Zoological Park/Smithsonian Institution, for samples of frozen serum.To whom correspondence should be addressed.     

Excessive proliferation of epithelium of the rabbit cornea

Zusammenfassung Die Schädigung der Basalmembran durch eine Stichverletzung hat eine Proliferation und Einwanderung von Corneaepithelien zur Folge. Eigenartigerweise sind bei diesem Prozess keine Mitosen nachweisbar, was darauf hinzuweisen scheint, dass Amitosen experimentell verfolgt werden können.

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This research was supported in part by grants from the National Research Council (Canada) and the National Cancer Institute of Canada.     

Effect of diabetes on the enzymes of the cholinergic system of the rat brain

Summary Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities were determined in several brain regions of normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The diabetic rats exhibited significant increase in ChAT activity (p<0.05) in all brain regions studied except for the cortex and the midbrain. Meanwhile, the diabetes condition was associated with significant increase (p<0.05) in AChE activity of the bulbus olfactorius, medulla oblongata and cerebellum. These data suggest that uncontrolled diabetes is associated with significant alterations in the brain cholinergic systems.To whom requests of reprints should be addressed.This work was supported by grants from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NSG 2183 and NAG-2-411), a grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH Grant RR0811) and a grant from the Division of Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (NIH Grant RR03020).     

Isolation and structural elucidation of 3,6-dioxo-hexahydro-pyrrolo [1,2-a]-pyrazine from the echinodermLuidia clathrata

Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Isolierung und Charakterisierung der Titelverbindung (Gly-l-Pro Lactam, I) aus dem SeesternLuidia clathrata berichtet. Die Kristallstruktur dieses Dioxopiperazinderivats wurde ermittelt. Der Piperazinring liegt in der Wannen-Konformation vor.

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This investigation was supported by contract No. NIH-71-2308 from Chemotherapy, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health and by Public Health Service Research Grant No. CA-11451-03 from the National Cancer Institute. The authors also gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation which provided the X-ray diffractometer and mass spectrometer. For the previous contribution of this series seeG. R. Pettit, R. H. Ode andT. B. Harvey, III, Lloydia,36 (1973).     

A selective de-heparinizer filter made of new cross-linked polymers of a poly-amido-amine structure

Riassunto Dae polimeri reticolati di nuova sintesi, contenenti gruppi amminici terziari, sono in grado di assorbire selettivamente eparina dal sangue. Essi non sono emolitici e non interferiscono con i fattori della coagulazione.

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Acknowledgment. This work was supported by the Programma Speciale Technologie Biomediche of the Italian National Council of Researches.     

Corticospinal influences on primary afferents during sleep and wakefulness

Riassunto Nel sonno desincronizzato si osserva un aumento della scarica piramidale originante dalle aree somato-sensoriali della corteccia in corrispondenza dei REM. Queste scariche piramidali depolarizzano le fibre afferenti primarie della via riflessa flessoria e verosimilmente contribuiscono alla depressione fasica dei riflessi polisinaptici che si manifesta durante i REM.

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This investigation was supported by PHS research grant NB-02990-04 from the National Institute of the Neurological Diseases and Blindness, N.I.H., Public Health Service (USA).     

The influence of lithium on serum ceruloplasmin

Summary Serum ceruloplasmin oxidase activity did not change in mice treated orally for 120 days with Li₂CO₃ (0.58 mEq/kg/day). After a single i.p. injection of LiCl (20 mEq/kg), a significant activation of ceruloplasmin was observed.R. R. A. is working with a research grant from the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (National Research Council of Brasil).