水平加热管束间三维汽液两相流特性的研究

针对卧式火管式蒸汽发生器的结构特点,对水平加热管束间的三维汽液两相流特性进行了实验研究。用单探头和三探头单纤光导探针分别测定了加热管束间的空泡份额分布和汽相速度分布。开发了三维汽液两相低雷诺数湍流漂移数学模型和相应的数值计算方法。为计算漂移数学模型中的汽相速度,综合考虑了重力和流体本身的加速作用对汽相漂移速度的影响,故该漂移数学模型可用于分析多维汽液两相流。计算结果与实验测量值符合良好,证明该数学模型是正确可靠的。     

气固流化床中气泡分布的实验研究

用摄像法研究了二维气固流化床的气泡行为，特别是气泡密度的分布规律。开发了针对摄像法研究气泡的数据处理方法，分析比较了布风板、颗粒直径、流化速度、床层高度对气泡分布密度的影响，并与模型计算结果进行了对比，得到气泡分布密度的变化规律。结果表明，气泡分布密度沿床高是不均匀的，存在气泡聚集现象；同一种颗粒在固定床高位置，气泡分布密度随流化速度的变化很小，基本保持稳定。     

固阀塔板上密集鼓泡区气泡的运动行为特征

利用双头电导探针测定了固阀塔板上密集鼓泡区气泡的运动速度,考察了密集鼓泡区不同轴向高度的气泡速度分布规律及其分形特征,分析了塔板上密集鼓泡区的气泡运动行为。研究结果表明:不同轴向高度处气泡速度沿同方向的分布具有相似性,近塔中心区域气泡速度变化平缓,呈弱双峰分布;塔板上气泡速度分布具有分形特征,分形维数为1.04~1.25,且随轴向高度的增加均先减小后增大;深层鼓泡区内气泡速度分布的分形维数可以较好地表征气泡运动的湍动强度,两者之间存在线性关系,气泡流湍动强度及分形维数与泡沫层高度间存在指数函数关系。     

正丁醇和表观气速对外环流反应器内气泡特征的影响

用双探针电导探头测量了外环流反应器内空气-水和空气-正丁醇水溶液体系中气含率、气泡平均(Sauter)直径、气泡上升速度、气泡尺寸分布以及气液相界面积.考察正丁醇浓度和气速对流型和气泡特征的影响规律,用流体动力学理论和聚并机理对其进行分析.得到实验条件下正丁醇水溶液浓度影响气含率的临界浓度Ccrit.     

NSRL二期工程波荡器磁场测量

研制了一台二维自动磁场测量系统，它包括测量行程为3500mm的运动定位装置和测量控制系统．采用霍尔探头点测法，并使用“on fly”测量技术对合肥国家同步辐射实验室(NSRL)二期工程新安装波荡器扫描点测量，得到了波荡器场形分布测号结果．并对测号结果讲行了分析。     

气固流化床中气泡分布的实验研究

用摄像法研究了二维气固流化床的气泡行为,特别是气泡密度的分布规律.开发了针对摄像法研究气泡的数据处理方法,分析比较了布风板、颗粒直径、流化速度、床层高度对气泡分布密度的影响,并与模型计算结果进行了对比,得到气泡分布密度的变化规律.结果表明,气泡分布密度沿床高是不均匀的,存在气泡聚集现象;同一种颗粒在固定床高位置,气泡分布密度随流化速度的变化很小,基本保持稳定.     

光纤两相流测试系统与实验

基于光纤双探针的方法设计了一套光纤两相流参数测量系统,可以满足两相流的微观特性测试的需求.该系统能够很好地识别气液两相流中的不同相,将光纤探针测得的光信号转换为电信号,经过偏置放大等处理后输送给采集系统,最终通过计算机编程进行数据处理.模拟实验测得了含气率、气泡速度、气泡大小等3个参数,分析了其径向分布规律:在一定的操作条件下,随着气流量的增加,含气率随之增加,径向分布由边壁峰、中间峰转向中心峰;气泡的上升速度增加,呈现管道中央速度大边壁速度小的分布;在一定的范围内,气泡大小的径向分布比较平稳.该实验验证了光纤两相流测量系统的可行性,展示了光纤探针技术用于两相流测量的优越性.     

基于FTM的不同初始形状同轴双气泡上升直接数值模拟

多气泡运动在各个工程领域广泛存在。为更好的研究不同形状的多气泡上升过程,采用界面追踪法（FTM, Front Tracking method）对四种具有不同初始形状的双气泡上升情形进行二维数值模拟。模拟结果表明,两竖直分布的气泡上升时,上部气泡的尾流会使下部气泡的速度更快;气泡的初始形状对气泡上升的速度和变形都有影响,圆形气泡相较于椭圆形气泡,上升速度更小;下部气泡为椭圆形时,上部气泡的变形更大。     

气泡在静水中上升破裂产生射流特性的数值模拟

为了研究不同直径参数对气泡上升、破裂及产生射流的影响,建立了二维旋转数学模型,选用SIMPLEC算法进行数值计算,对单个气泡在静水中运动进行了数值模拟.采用VOF界面几何重构方案,追踪气泡运动过程中气泡表面的变化,并监测气泡上升速度随时间的变化特性.探讨了气泡在抵达自由液面时的破裂机理以及气泡破裂时产生射流的特性.结果表明:气泡在上升过程中逐步由球形变为椭球状,在到达液面时破裂,并产生射流,随着气泡直径的增加,气泡上升速度逐渐增大,气泡破裂时喷射的射流也越高.     

基于界面追踪法的不同初始形状同轴双气泡上升直接数值模拟

多气泡运动在各个工程领域广泛存在。为更好的研究不同形状的多气泡上升过程,采用界面追踪法(front tracking method,FTM)对四种具有不同初始形状的双气泡上升情形进行二维数值模拟。模拟结果表明,两竖直分布的气泡上升时,上部气泡的尾流会使下部气泡的速度更快;气泡的初始形状对气泡上升的速度和变形都有影响,圆形气泡相较于椭圆形气泡,上升速度更小;下部气泡为椭圆形时,上部气泡的变形更大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with