热带轧机轧辊表面氧化膜疲劳脱落的有限元分析

根据热带轧机工作辊与支撑辊之间的接触应力、带钢与工作辊之间的应力,以及轧制过程中的轧辊热应力解析结果,利用大型有限元分析工具ANSYS分析了热轧带钢轧辊的表面氧化膜疲劳脱落问题·结果表明,随着加载次数的增加,氧化膜在原有微裂纹处沿X方向的疲劳应力增加,这将导致在原有微裂纹处沿Y方向产生疲劳裂纹·在氧化膜与轧辊基体的结合面上,由于剪切应力的增加将发生沿轧辊氧化膜与轧辊基体结合部位X方向疲劳裂纹·由于X方向疲劳裂纹和Y方向疲劳裂纹的不断扩展,使得裂纹相遇而导致了轧辊表面氧化膜的脱落·     

厚规格汽车桥壳用钢的焊接性能

采用金相观察、透射电镜分析和焊接热模拟技术,研究了含Ｎｂ,ＮｂＴｉ,ＮｂＴｉＢ的微合金控轧控冷钢的焊接性能、热影响区组织及冷裂纹敏感性,讨论了微合金元素对焊接性能的影响·试验结果表明,厚规格汽车桥壳钢的热影响区没有出现马氏体组织,微合金元素Ｎｂ,Ｔｉ,Ｂ的加入提高了热影响区性能·在ｔｍ＝１３００℃,τ８／５＝３０ｓ时的焊接热模拟组织与实际焊接组织相一致·试钢在冷裂试验中并没有冷裂纹产生,可得出结论:厚规格桥壳钢的焊接性能较好·     

用CCD监测护环锻件S·C·C裂纹的试验研究

本文提出一种 CCD 光电传感器监测护环锻件 S·C·C 裂纹的新方法,它能早期发现裂纹的产生,准确显示裂纹的大小;为逐步实现汽轮发电机护环 S·C·C 的实时监测积累了经验.     

梅县电厂扩建工程屏式过热器设备焊缝返修

本文就梅县电厂2×135MW扩建工程在设备安装过程中,由于屏式过热器设备制造时焊接工艺不恰当导致了40%左右的焊缝出现裂纹后,委托广东火电现场切口返修的过程.笔者有幸参加了设备焊缝返修的全过程,对冷裂纹产生的原因、返修过程及防止裂纹的产生等进行了论述,从而说明焊接工艺的有效控制才能保证焊接的高质量,对今后焊接质量的控制有一定的指导作用.     

梅县电厂扩建工程屏式过热器设备焊缝返修

本文就梅县电厂2×135MW扩建工程在设备安装过程中,由于屏式过热器设备制造时焊接工艺不恰当导致了40%左右的焊缝出现裂纹后,委托广东火电现场切口返修的过程。笔者有幸参加了设备焊缝返修的全过程,对冷裂纹产生的原因、返修过程及防止裂纹的产生等进行了论述,从而说明焊接工艺的有效控制才能保证焊接的高质量,对今后焊接质量的控制有一定的指导作用。     

冷却速度对圆形加载路径下A319铝合金多轴疲劳特性的影响

采用MTS809型电液伺服疲劳试验机、扫描电镜研究了不同冷却速度对A319铝合金圆形加载路径下的疲劳特性.结果表明:当冷速为10℃·s-1时,材料中二次枝晶臂间距、硅颗粒及孔洞尺寸较冷速为0.1℃·s-1时要小.二次枝晶臂间距较小时,滞后回线面积小,材料应力应变近乎同相,且附加强化效果明显.不同冷速条件下裂纹萌生位置不同,在冷速为10℃·s-1的材料中,裂纹在大硅颗粒处萌生,随着冷速降低至0.1℃·s-1时,裂纹位于孔洞处萌生.对于A319铸造铝合金来说,冷速的变化对其轴向与切向循环特性并无直接影响,轴向表现为先硬化再软化,切向表现为先硬化后稳定的趋势.     

在用精丙烯塔的检验及缺陷分析

本文通过对一在用精丙烯塔进行无损检验,发现纵环焊缝的部分丁字口处及返修部位存在大量超标缺陷,经射线复查该超标缺陷大部分为裂纹。经分析认为,此缺陷为焊接时由于执行工艺不严造成。该裂纹产生时为微观裂纹,在使用工况的复杂应力和焊缝残余应力的共同作用下不断扩展至无损检测可以分辨。一旦外加条件突然恶化,有可能加速扩展,最严重的可以导致容器失效。对此,在容器制造过程中加以预防以及在使用过程中加以重视。     

预蠕变损伤对高温疲劳宏观裂纹扩展的影响

针对ＳＵＳ３０４不锈钢光滑试棒预先导入１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ条件下的预蠕变疲劳损伤，然后开小切口进行时间依存性 ９２３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ，１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ及循环数依存性９２３ Ｋ·ｐｐ－ｔｙｐｅ的宏观裂纹扩展试验，考察了试棒内部因预蠕变疲劳而产生的大量的粒界微小裂纹对高温疲劳宏观裂纹扩展的影响．结果如下： １．预损伤加速了９２３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ下的蠕变裂纹扩展，对于同一蠕变Ｊ积分范围△Ｊｃ，损伤值越大，裂纹扩展速度ｄｌ／ｄＮ也越大．这种加速起因于主裂纹与微小裂纹的合体． ２．１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ下的预损伤材料和处女材料的ｄｌ／ｄＮ在同一△Ｊｃ。下相等．即，损伤材料的裂纹扩展速度的上限值由１０７３ Ｋ·ｃｐ－ｔｙｐｅ下的处女材料的ｄｌ／ｄＮ－△Ｊｃ关系给出． ３．在９２３ Ｋ·ｐｐ－ｔｙｐｅ条件下，对于同一疲劳Ｊ积分范围△Ｊｆ，预损伤材料的ｄｌ／ｄＮ要比处女材料快１０倍左右．一般ｐｐ－ｔｙｐｅ的破坏形式为粒内破坏．预损伤材料的场合，因为试棒内部分布有大量的微小粒界裂纹，主裂纹便沿这些破坏阻抗最小的微小裂纹边合体边扩展，主要在粒界上扩展．即微小粒界裂纹是裂纹扩展阻抗减小的主因．     

大环增敏示波极谱法测定烟草中的镉铅

用作者合成的新型大环化合物作为增敏剂，示波极谱法测定镉和铅。镉和铅分别在－０．４７Ｖ和－０．６３Ｖ产生灵敏的示波导数极谱峰，检出限分别为２．０×１０－８ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ－３和７．８×１０－９ｍｏｌ·ｄｍ－３。选择最佳实验条件，探讨了大环化合物的增敏机理。方法用于测定８种不同烟草样品中的镉和铅，结果满意     

不同参数组合下纵肋顶板焊趾处裂纹扩展变化规律分析

疲劳荷载作用下,正交异性钢桥面板纵肋顶板焊趾处易产生疲劳裂纹.通过寻找焊趾处裂纹变化规律,可以预测裂纹扩展情况,不同结构参数组合下焊趾处裂纹变化规律会存在一定差异.文章通过建立纵肋顶板焊接细节的试件有限元模型,提取焊趾处裂纹扩展长度和裂纹扩展深度,分析应力幅大小、熔透率和顶板厚度等参数对焊趾处裂纹变化规律的影响.结果表...     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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