一种基于局部感知的多机器人编队控制方法

针对未知环境下多机器人难以实现灵活、稳定的编队控制的情况,在分析领队-跟随法、基于行为方法以及虚拟结构法的编队控制方法基础上,提出了一种模拟人类社会中方队形成与变化的思想,将其应用在多机器人的编队中,进行多机器人的编队控制.机器人存储不同编队队形的相对位置信息,通过领航者发布队形控制信息,跟随者查找并匹配预先存储的队形...     

基于一致性的无人机编队飞行几何构型控制

本文研究群体无人机系统编队飞行中的几何构型控制问题。采用一阶运动学模型进行系统描述,用有向图来表示其通信网络结构,将领导者-跟随者控制结构和一致性跟踪理论相结合,提出了一种协同控制算法,在不需要每台无人机都能接收到领导者状态信息的情况下,使无人机在编队飞行过程中改变几何构型的同时还可以相应改变行进方向。最后通过仿真验证了该控制算法的有效性。     

基于传感探测系统的多自治水下机器人编队协调控制

针对自治水下机器人(AUV)编队协调控制问题,研究了基于传感探测系统的主从式编队协调控制方法.该方法能够避免AUV编队之间依靠水声通信而造成的通信延迟和数据丢失的问题,提高编队控制的可靠性以及生存能力.首先根据领航者位置信息和期望的编队队形得到跟随者的参考路径,跟随者可以实时测得领航者的距离和航向信息并与参考路径相对比.其次为了使跟随者轨迹在短时间内收敛于参考路径从而得到期望的队形,利用Lyapunov函数设计了反演控制器.最后对设计进行了编队控制的仿真.结果表明,AUV编队队形保持良好,所采用的方法具有很好的可行性.     

基于领航跟随法和星系动力学的多机器人编队控制

针对机器人常规编队控制方法编队精度低、机器人易掉队,且当队形进行大角度变换时跟随者不能快速适应的问题,提出了一种基于领航跟随和星系动力学(LF-GD)机器人编队控制方法.该方法结合了领航跟随法控制简单、编队快速和星系动力学法编队稳定和动态均衡的优点.实现了机器人快速编队和动态避障的性能要求,避免了队形大角度变换时机器人相互之间的碰撞和掉队问题,提高了整个编队系统的智能性和环境适应性.通过仿真验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于动态事件触发策略的多AUV一致控制

针对多个自主水下机器人（Autonomous Underwater Vehicles,AUVs）编队问题,为了减少多AUV频繁通信造成的能量消耗,提出一种基于分布式动态事件触发的领导者-跟随者一致控制算法. 设计一个包含广义位置和载体速度的辅助变量简化AUV模型. 同时基于滑模变结构控制、一致性理论及动态事件触发策略,...     

基于领航者模式的多机器人行星式编队运动

根据行星系公转与自转的运行规则,提出了基于领航者模式的行星式多机器人编队方法.在该模型中,领航者机器人相当于行星系中的恒星,而跟随者机器人相当于行星系中的行星,领航者机器人和跟随者机器人之间依靠万有引力实现编队的聚合与稳定前行,实现跟随者机器人围绕领航者机器人运转,编队半径可以随时改变,以适应环境的变化;同时,群体机器...     

基于脉冲算法的多智能体系统编队牵制控制

在有向动态网络结构下,利用平均脉冲间隔分别研究带有同步脉冲、不活跃脉冲及失步脉冲的领导者时变编队控制问题;将领导者时变编队控制问题和跟随者时变牵制控制问题分别转换为渐近稳定性问题,并为3种脉冲情况下的领导者渐近稳定性问题提出统一格式的准则;结合该准则提出一个充分条件,进而证明基于脉冲算法的领导者的状态能够实现时变编队控制,同时跟随者的状态收敛到领导者形成的凸包。结果表明:基于脉冲算法的线性多智能体系统可以实现编队牵制控制;数值仿真实例验证了结果的有效性。     

探测能力有限条件下群机器人队形的避障方法

在探测能力有限的条件下,即使群机器人队形中的跟随者有碰撞障碍的风险,领导者也常难察觉,这将导致部分机器人离队或难以保持给定队形。本文针对此问题提出一种基于局部信息的解决方法,根据局部障碍信息判断障碍对跟随者或其自身后续运动是否有潜在威胁。当有潜在威胁时,输出障碍信息,并在群机器人队形中接力传递,最终反馈给领队机器人以带领队形远离障碍。同时,对领队机器人和普通机器人的人工力矩运动控制器做出改进,保证机器人的安全,并且使避障轨迹更加顺滑。仿真实验证明,所提方法在领导者无法感知所有跟随者和障碍信息的情况下,仍能带领队形安全绕开障碍物。     

具有测量噪声的领导者跟随者系统跟随控制

讨论了具有测量噪声约束的动态领导者跟随者系统的分布式跟随控制.假定跟随者预设有领导者的速度信息,但只有部分跟随者可以直接测量获得领导者的输出信息,并且所有跟随者都缺失领导者的初始信息.同时假定个体间偏差量的测量都存在测量噪声的影响.对于该情形,文中证明了传统的跟随控制协议可以在均方意义下保证所有跟随者跟随动态领导者,并给出了参数的选择范围.文中既考虑了固定拓扑结构情形下的跟随控制,也进一步考虑了切换拓扑结构情形.所以传统的跟随控制协议对依赖于测量值的测量噪声具有良好的鲁棒性.最后用数值例子进行实验验证,实验结果和理论分析结果一致.     

大规模机器人群体的分层编队控制算法

提出一种分层拓扑结构作为机器人群体在动态期望区域内的编队队形,并在此基础上设计一种基于分层拓扑的群体编队及避障控制器,邻域内各层层间机器人之间的通信是双向的.多机器人通过虚拟领导者的引导向动态期望区域内运动,并在邻居个体间的局部交互下形成期望编队控制队形,机器人群体速度达到一致,个体间距离稳定,从而实现编队和避碰.控制器中形状调节力用于调整和保持机器人群体队形,解决编队中因可能出现局部极小值而导致某些机器人死锁的问题.仿真实验表明了该算法是有效性的.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-