多株乳酸菌快速发酵制作酸菜的研究

利用嗜酸乳杆菌、戊糖片球菌、青春双歧杆菌发酵剂对甘蓝进行乳酸发酵，经三天即可得到质地优良、风味独特。富含大量活性乳酸菌的酸菜。研究确定的最佳工艺条件为：发酵温度３７℃，原料菜中加入食用蔗糖３％，食盐２％．液体菌种的接种量为２％。用此工艺制得的成品酸菜经真空包装后在常温下贮藏３０天，其中的青春双歧杆菌数不少于１０个／ｇ。     

猪源双歧杆菌筛选及生物特性参数测定

采用双歧杆菌选择性培养基，从健康猪肠道和粪便中共分离到９０株细菌，根据微生态学关键指标，筛选出１０株双歧杆菌，这些菌株能够耐受０．８％－１．０％的胆盐，在ＰＨ３．５ＢＳ肉汤中３７℃下保浊ｈ存活率在４０％以上，代谢产物对４种常见致病菌均有不同程度的抑制作用，双歧杆菌与上述４种致病菌在ＢＳ液体培养基中混合培养到３６ｈ，能够彻底清除病菌，３株双歧杆菌对小猪肠道上细胞有良好的粘附作用。     

灵芝深层培养工艺的研究

为了提高发酵终了时灵芝菌丝浓度以获取高等真菌多糖，对灵芝ＡＳ．５．６５的深层培养工艺进行了研究。确定了最适发酵条件为：５％玉米淀粉、０．３％玉米浆、１％豆饼粉、０．６％糖蜜、０．１５％ＫＨ２ＰＯ４、０．０７５％ＭｇＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ，ｐＨ５．５～６．０，温度２８℃，摇床转速１５０ｒ／ｍｉｎ，摇瓶种子培养３ｄ接种。接种量５％、装液量５０ｍＬ，培养５～６ｄ可终止发酵。最终菌体干重可达２７．５ｇ／Ｌ、含粗多糖２．６ｇ／Ｌ。     

双歧杆菌在梨汁中发酵存活的研究

实验研究了应用双歧杆菌发酵梨汁，结果表明：分离到的双歧杆菌加入梨汁中３７℃发酵１６～１８ｈ，活菌数增到１０~９ｃｆｕ·ｍＬ~(－１)，发酵梨汁在４～５℃下保存５～７ｄ后，活菌仍保持１０~７ｃｆｕ·ｍＬ~(－１)以上，并趋于稳定，可制成新型的保健饮料。     

南瓜双歧发酵乳的工艺研究

以鲜牛乳、南瓜粉为主要原料，辅以一定的辅料，进行乳酸发酵，采用正交实验选择最佳配方。结果表明：以鲜乳为原料，加入1％南瓜粉，接种3％的发酵茵种(Lb：St=1：1)和1．5％的双歧杆菌菌种，在43℃恒温条件下发酵2～3h，再置于8℃的冰箱中后发酵冷藏10～12h，所得双歧发酵乳组织均匀，口感细腻，酸甜适度，具有南瓜特有的滋味和芳香，特别适宜于糖尿病患者食用。     

利用热带假丝酵母提高酶解马铃薯汁的蛋白质含量

马铃薯汁用糖化酶水解，接种热带假丝酵母，在摇床中３０℃，１２０ｒ／ｍｉｎ培养３ｄ．分别用（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４或柠檬酸铵为氮源，用Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液和ＣａＣＯ３为ｐＨ值稳定物质时，测定发酵基质中蛋白质的增加量．结果表明，以（ＮＨ４）２ＳＯ４为氮源，用Ｎａ２ＨＰＯ４－ＫＨ２ＰＯ４缓冲液（０．０２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，ｐＨ６．８）和ＣａＣＯ３（０．３％）为ｐＨ稳定物质时，发酵基质中蛋白质含量的增加值最大，以干重计，蛋白质含量从１０．４％增加到３９．６％．     

高效薄层扫描法测定乳粉中乳精和蔗糖的含量

用高效薄层扫描法，以正丙醇：浓氨水：术（１２：４：１）为展层剂，在λ＝３００ｎｍ处同时测定乳粉中乳糖、蔗糖，用该法测定乳糖与蔗糖回收率分别为１００．４％和１０４．５％，变异系数分别为３．２３％和１．５１％．     

双歧杆菌生长特性及发酵乳的研究

采用液体牛乳培养基培养法,测定了双歧杆菌的生长,产酸和ＰＨ变化,其最佳发酵条件为：接种量５％,培养温度３９℃、庶糖添加量５％。此外,对利用双歧杆菌制做双歧杆菌酸奶进行了研究,通过实验确定了采用两次接种发酵法生产凝固型酸奶的工艺参数,产品风味与传统酸奶一奶,双歧杆菌活菌数达到７．０＊１０＾９个／ｍｌ左右。     

糖化酶在黄酒酿造中的应用探讨

本文主要以正交试验法对糖化酶在黄酒酿造中的影响因素进行了综合定量研究，并对成品酒进行了理化分析和综合评价。研究结果表明，糖化酶作用的最佳条件为：加酶量０．０２％；加酶时间为投料４８小时后；酶作用的最适温度为３２℃，酶作用的最适ＰＨ值为ＰＨ＝４．６。在此条件下，主发酵期缩短２－３天，后发酵期缩短１０－６０天，同时，出酒率有明显提高，高达９２．０７％，是传统的３．１－４．６倍。     

不同原料配比对谷氨酸棒杆菌ZL9601菌株产赖氨酸的影响

以正交试验法研究分析了不同原料配比对谷氨酸棒杆菌（Ｃｏｒｙｎｅｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｇｌｕｔａｍｉ－ｃｉｕｍ）ＺＬ９６０１菌株产赖氨酸的影响,通过摇瓶培养初步确定了以糖蜜为主要发酵原料生产赖氨酸的培养基最佳配比。结果表明,糖蜜２０％,豆饼水解液１．０％,玉米浆０．６％,在一定发酵条件下（ｐＨ７．０,温度３０℃）可获得较高的产量,平均产酸为６．１％。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the