Die Wirkung von Chinonen auf das Hefewachstum

Summary Certain derivatives ofp-benzoquinone and the naphthoquinones cause a strong inhibition of the growth of yeast. The strongest concentrations of some of these compounds even show a fungicidal potency. The authors discuss the possible mode of action of this inhibition.     

Die Wirkung von Harmalin auf die Konzentration von Noradrenalin und Adrenalin im Herzen

Summary A single injection of harmaline increases the noradrenaline and adrenaline concentration in the rat heart. The maximum effect is obtained after about 40 min.     

Die Wirkung von Vasopressin und Oxytocin auf das Nervensystem von Insekten

Summary Vasopressin and oxytocin are antagonistically effective substances with inverse dependence on concentration in the nervous system of insects. These results emphasize the central importance of neurohormonal control of general response in the nervous system.     

Die Wirkung von Adrenalin auf den ermüdeten Soleus der Katze

Summary Adrenaline increases the isometric tension of the soleus muscle of the cat when the muscle is brought to fatigue by continuous stimulation at high frequencies. This is in contrast to the effect of the amine upon the nonfatigued soleus muscle.     

Die Wirkung von Progesteron und Progesteronmetaboliten auf das Wachstum von embryonalem Knorpel in vitro

Summary Embryonic chick bones were cultured in vitro in the presence of progesterone and of a series of progesterone metabolites. It was found that only 5-pregnane-3,20-dione, 3-hydroxy-5-pregnane-20-one, and ⁴-pregnene-20-ol-3-one influence the growth of bones in vitro in a manner similar to progesterone. All other investigated progesterone metabolites exert either a different or no demonstrable action on bone growth.     

Die Wirkung von Adenin und Urazil auf das Wachstum vonB. coli commune

Summary The growth ofBacterium coli commune in culture-medium afterFriedlein containing glucose was controled by photometry. Addition of uracil hastens the growth slightly, addition of adenin delays it. The curve of growth with adenin shows two maxima similarly as the primary and secundary effect after irradiation of biological material by ultrashort rays. As known the irradiation of nucleic-acids sets in partial freedom purins and pyrimidins. These are changed again by intense irradiation. The news products of irradiation have probably also biological influences.     

Die Wirkung von Persantin auf Herzmuskel-Sarkosomen

Summary Addition of Persantin to respiring beef heart mitochondria leads to a considerable increase of the P/O-ratios in the presence of various substrates. Apparently Persantin is capable of bringing about a tighter coupling of oxidation and phosphorylation.     

Der Einfluss von Adrenalin auf das Verhalten des zellulären Kalziums während der K-Depolarisation des Herzmuskels von Meerschweinchen

Summary The effect of adrenaline on the cellular calcium exchange during the K-depolarization of myocardium was studied in isolated left auricles of guinea-pigs by means of the⁴⁵Ca. Increasing the extracellular K-concentration from 2.7–30 mM without corresponding reduction in sodium concentration results in a depression of contraction strength of the myocardium when current is applied. The depression is immediately reversible by using adrenaline. This was associated with a significant increase of the⁴⁵Ca exchange.     

Die Wirkung von Hybridenwein auf die Leber

Summary Experiments on rats revealed that liver damage caused by allyl alcohol (measured by the rate of necrosis) is enhanced by alcoholic beverages such as ethanol and European or hybride wine. In this respect, wine seems to cause more damage than mere alcohol.     

Elektrophysiologische Analyse der Wirkung von Adrenochrom auf das Kaninchengehirn

Summary The action of Adrenochrom on the brain was investigated electrophysiologically on the conscious rabbit. The moderate activation of the somatic behaviour and of the electrical brain-activity can be attributed to an increased activity of the ascending reticular system with simultaneous depression of the medio-thalamic intralaminary recruiting system, as well as to an increased activity of the hippocampus. Specific afferent (somesthetic) systems are only slightly moderated.     

Die Wirkung von Theophyllin auf den cellulären Ca-Stoffwechsel des Warmblüterherzens

Summary In isolated, electrically driven, left guineapig atria, theophylline (5×10^–4 g/ml) increased the rate of⁴⁵Ca uptake and release without affecting the total myocardial Ca content and the amount of exchangeable cellular Ca. In sheep and calf heart preparations, theophylline (10^–4–10^–3 g/ml) increased Ca inward current during excitation (as examined indirectly by Ca dependent changes of membrane potential in TTX-containing solutions) as well as tension development. It is concluded that the positive inotropic effect of theophylline in mammalian hearts is due to an increase in Ca influx during the excitation process.

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Mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft.     

Die Wirkung des Hydrocortisons auf die infektionsbedingte lokale Leukozytenansammlung

Summary The aggregation of leucocytes provoked in the peritoneal cavity of the white mouse by intraperitoneal injection of livingE. coli is inhibited by large doses of hydrocortisone. At the same time, the animal's susceptibility to infection is enhanced. The aggregation of leucocytes induced by injection of a bacterial extract containing lipopolysaccharides is inhibited in a similar manner. The effect of hydrocortisone sets in rapidly and subsides within 24 h. The inhibitory effect of hydrocortisone on the lipopolysaccharid effect on leucocytes seems to be an important factor in the influence of hydrocortisone on the infectious process.     

Wirkung von isomeren Hexachlorocyclohexanen auf das Wachstum vonPisumwurzeln in steriler Organkultur

Summary (1) A specific response of pea roots in sterile culture to gammexane (-hexachlorocyclohexane) has been observed; the-isomer is inactive. Slow concentrations (10/ml) of gammexane inhibit the growth-rate of pea roots in a fairly high degree. 1/ml does not influence the growth.(2) i-inositol—even in high concentration (60 i-inositol to 6 gammexane) does not show any antigammexane activity. Corresponding to the results obtained bySchopfer, Posternak and Miss Boss we could not find any direct correspondence between gammexane and i-inositol as it has been postulated bySlade. Any conclusions about spacial configuration of gammexane based upon biological investigations would be premature.     

Die Wirkung von Makrotetralidantibiotika auf photosynthetische Reaktionen in Spinatchloroplasten

Summary The macrotetralid antibiotic Dinactin uncouples phosphorylation from electron transport in illuminated chloroplasts in the presence of Na⁺ at lower concentrations than in K⁺, while the light-induced proton uptake is more inhibited in a medium with K⁺ than with Na⁺. The large volume changes of whole chloroplasts in the light and after addition of Dinactin are parallel to the amount of K⁺ in the chloroplasts.

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Die Resultate der vorliegenden Arbeit entstanden zusammen mitElisabeth Bosshard-Heer, H. R. Hohl, Ch. Pflugshaupt undIngrid Specht-Jürgensen. Wir danken dem Schweizerischen Nationalfonds für die grosszügige Unterstützung.     

Einfluss von angiotensin auf das argentaffine system des meerschweinchens

Summary The duodenum of guinea-pigs were dissected immediately after death and incubated for 10 min at 37 °C in a solution of Krebs-Ringer-Bicarbonate buffer, in which Hypertensin (CIBA) was added. The result was that the argentaffine cells were more numerous after the incubation period, as compared with the controls. The 2 controls were pieces placed into the solutions of Formalin and blank Krebs-Ringer-Bicarbonate buffer.     

Die therapeutische Wirkung von Adrenalin und Alupent nach letaler Röntgenganzkörperbestrahlung

Summary After exposure to lethal whole-body Xirradiation the survival rate ranged from 39–60% in white rats and guinea-pigs given adrenalin and Alupent subcutaneously. The effect of the two substances is ascribed to a shock-like response and sequential reactions.     

Die Wirkung von Desoxycorticosteron auf den aktiven Kationenaustausch an Rattenblutzellen

Summary Cold-stored blood cells of rats, which were depleted of potassium and had gained an equivalent amount of sodium instead, were incubated with 500 mg% glucose at 37°C in serum. Under these conditions an extrusion of sodium from and a re-entry of potassium into the cells could be observed. Desoxycorticosterone, when added in a concentration of 1 mg per ml, was able to slow down the rate of this exchange to three fifths of the rate of untreated cells. With blood of adrenalectomised rats, the same effect of DOC was observed, although the rate without DOC was somewhat lower than in the blood of normal animals. There was no statistically significant difference between the DOC-effect in blood of normal and adrenalectomised rats.     

Die Wirkung der Temperatur auf das Verhalten der Gewebsatmung poikilothermer und homoiothermer Tiere unter dem Einfluss von 4,6-Dinitro-o-kresol

Summary (1) The liver respirationin vitro of mice and toads was studied under the influence of 4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol at temperatures varying from 17,5 to 42,5°C.(2) The percentage activity of the oxygen uptake of the mouse liver decreased progressively under dinitrocresol with rising temperatures, whereas the respiration of the toad liver showed inhibition at low temperatures and activation at higher temperature.(3) The results were interpreted following the theory of inhibitory types ofJohnson.     

Wirkung von Actinomycin auf das Enzymmuster der Rattenniere während der Entwicklung

Summary Actinomycin D causes a marked increase of alkaline phosphatase activity in the zona subcorticalis of the developing rat kidney. The effect is more pronounced in female than in male animals. Acid phosphatase activity increases in males only.