ICP-AES法测定镍基合金中微量铌的质量分数

采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(简称ICP-AES)对镍基合金中微量铌的分析方法进行了试验.研究了载气流量、输入功率、观测高度等对谱线强度的影响,并对镍基合金试样进行了准确分析.实验结果表明,本方法灵敏度高、操作简便、快速,适用于日常分析检测工作.     

碳纳米管对Ni60合金激光熔覆层的耐磨性影响

采用激光熔覆技术,在45#钢表面进行了镍基合金粉末添加碳纳米管的熔覆试验,对熔覆层横截面进行了硬度测试和显微组织分析,对熔覆层表面进行了X射线衍射物相分析和摩擦磨损试验.结果表明,碳纳米管能够提高镍基合金激光熔覆层的硬度和耐磨性能,当碳纳米管的质量分数为0.4%时,镍基合金激光熔覆层的耐磨性能最好.     

Al_2O_3陶瓷颗粒对镍基合金涂层耐磨性能的影响

采用激光熔覆技术在Cr12MoV冷作模具钢上制备Al_2O_3陶瓷颗粒增强的镍基合金涂层,分别采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机研究了熔敷镍基合金涂层的横截面宏观形貌、显微组织、物相、显微硬度和耐磨性能.结果表明:当陶瓷颗粒的质量分数为15%时,镍基合金涂层中出现明显裂纹;当陶瓷颗粒的质量分数小于15%时,镍基合金涂层中金属与母材具有良好的冶金结合;镍基合金涂层的显微硬度与耐磨性具有相同的变化规律,即随着陶瓷颗粒质量分数的增加,显微硬度逐渐增大,耐磨性能逐渐增强,这是由于Al_2O_3陶瓷颗粒均匀分布在Cr元素形成的固溶体骨架附近的缘故.     

镍基合金镀层在北方老工业城市冬季降水中的腐蚀行为

为研究镍基合金镀层在北方老工业城市冬季降水中的腐蚀行为,采用电沉积技术制备了Ni--P、Ni--Fe合金镀层,对其结构与耐蚀性能进行检测.结果表明:不同镍基合金镀层在冬季降水中耐蚀性能不同,其中Ni--Fe合金镀层由于Fe掺杂增加了镍基合金与氧的亲和力,可以快速在Ni--Fe合金镀层表面形成一层连续的氧化膜,对基体起到很好的防护作用,电位最正,自腐蚀电流密度值最小,耐蚀性较好,年腐蚀速率约为20号钢的1/2;而Ni--P合金镀层表面形成氧化膜的速率较缓慢,阻抗值较低,不适合在北方老工业城市的室外装饰与防护中应用.     

热处理对镍基合金涂层与基体结合界面的影响

通过热浸镀法在普碳钢表面成功制备镍基合金涂层.为了提高镍基合金涂层与钢基体之间的结合强度,对镀有镍基合金涂层的基体进行了热处理.研究了热处理前、后结合界面处的显微组织和力学性能.结果表明,与热处理前相比,热处理后界面附近的涂层中析出物长大,界面处存在不连续块状铁的硼化物,界面两侧镍、铁互扩散距离增加,靠近界面的过渡带由5～8μm变为20μm.热处理前、后涂层均由γ-(Fe,Ni)、CrB、Cr2B和Cr3C2等相组成,过渡带相组成为γ-(Fe,Ni)、微量CrB和Fe23(C,B)6.热处理后,显微硬度由界面向涂层内逐渐增加,界面结合强度由140MPa提高到200MPa.     

一种新型的含镍耐蚀高硅铁基合金

借助光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱分析、X衍射分析和力学性能检测设备及腐蚀性能检测仪器等手段,结合奥氏体不锈钢的设计思路以及Fe-Ni-Si和Fe-Mn-Si三元相图,分析了普通高硅铁基合金的性能和组织,设计并研究了含镍或锰奥氏体高硅铁基合金的组织、力学性能和耐蚀性能. 结果表明:普通高硅铁基合金的基体均为铁素体,主要是长程有序的Fe3Si相,这种相有低温脆性现象同时是合金产生硅脆的根本原因. 在合金中加入18%的镍,能使合金中出现奥氏体相,其冲击韧性达到5.52 J·cm-2,比普通高硅铁基合金提高7倍以上,腐蚀率和普通高硅铁基合金相当.     

Inconel601镍基合金的焊接

通过产品的制造实例,对Inconel601镍基合金材料的特性及焊接特点进行了分析.给出了该材料的焊接方法、焊接材料、焊接顺序及焊接工艺参数,保证了产品质量符合设计图样技术要求.     

Ni-19Fe-2Cr-9Mo合金低塑性区的初步研究

多数镍基高温合金存在低塑性区,其温度范围为600～800℃,正处在材料使用温度范围内。它的存在影响了合金的使用,同时也限制了固溶强化和沉淀强化的热强化处理。因此研究镍基合金低塑性的本质,对于改善镍基合金具有实际意义。我们选择了典型的固溶强化镍基高温合金Hastalloy—x,对它的低塑性的本质进行了初步研究。     

Nb2O5对镍基合金激光熔覆层组织的影响

为了在钢材表面制备出质量良好、组织细化的镍基合金激光熔覆层,采用激光熔覆技术,在A3钢表面进行了镍基合金粉末添加Nb2O5的熔覆试验.通过对激光熔覆工艺参数及Nb2O5含量的优选得到了质量良好的熔覆层.使用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、电子能谱和X射线衍射仪对熔覆层进行了显微组织和物相分析,并测试了熔覆层显微硬度及摩擦性能.结果表明,当Nb2O5含量为15%,激光功率1.4 kW,扫描速度2 mm/s时,可以获得无裂纹、无气孔且与基底呈冶金结合的质量良好的熔覆层.Nb2O5的加入既提高了镍基合金熔覆层中的强化相比例,又细化熔覆层的组织,抑制粗大针状脆性硬质相的形成,降低熔覆层的裂纹敏感性.Nb2O5/Ni60激光熔覆层的硬度虽然降低,但耐磨性比纯Ni60提高约一倍.     

高速车削Inconel718时切削力研究

切削力是高速切削加工过程中的一个重要的因素。本文采用sialon陶瓷刀具对镍基合金Inconel718进行了高速车削试验。研究了不同切削速度下切削力、刀具磨损和表面粗糙度相互关系。通过切屑的宏观形态计算得到定量的切削变形系数、剪切角、剪应变,直观分析考察了Sialon陶瓷刀具加工镍基合金时变切削力与形系数及剪切角大小随速度变化的规律。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the