小麦雌性不育基因的微卫星标记定位

以普通小麦新601×雌性不育小麦XND126的F2群体作为育性调查以及基因标记群体.通过对育性基因的分析,确定在此组合中雌性不育基因由1对主效基因控制;结合混合分组分析法(Bulk Segregant Analysis,BSA),首次对小麦雌性不育基因进行了SSR分子标记,通过对一千对微卫星引物的筛选,确定微卫星引物cfd36标记与主效基因连锁,遗传距离为20.2cM.     

小麦雌性不育遗传的初步分析

为了探明小麦雌性不育的遗传规律,以小麦雌性不育系fs与育性正常的小麦品种或种的杂交一代和二代为材料,对其雄性育性和雌性育性进行了两年的观察,其杂种一代和二代的雄性育性正常,雌性育性在一代正常,二代多数组合出现1 4或1 16的雌性不育株,初步认为小麦雌性不育依试验亲本选材的不同表现为一对或两对隐性基因的遗传,雌性不育的表达可能涉及到两对主效基因的参与并且受环境的修饰.     

小麦染色体2DS雌性育性位点遗传多态性分析

小麦雌性不育系XND126属于生态遗传型不育系.通过SSR分子标记分析,在2DS染色体上定位了一个雌性育性主效QTL位点.为了构建高密度遗传图谱并精细定位该主效位点,用2DS参考遗传图谱上的14对SSR标记,研究了59个育性正常的普通小麦品种与XND126的DNA多态性,筛选到不同生态型多态性较高的品种共12个,每个品种多态性标记达12~13个,这些品种可以用作杂交亲本,构建新的QTL精细定位群体.在品种组成的群体中,与主效基因位点最近的标记,表现出有较多的品种与雌性不育系具有差异.     

小麦雌性育性双向极端群体QTL定位策略初探

在极端不育群体中计算重组频率(c值)初步筛选QTL位点的基础之上,利用普通小麦中育性正常的良种藁城8901(P1)与雌性不育系XND126(P2)杂交F2群体中的189株隐性极端不育株和63株极端可育株组成的双向极端群体为定位群体,构建了连锁图,分析定位了小麦雌性育性位点taf1,获得了与F2平衡群体相同的定位位点.分析发现与taf1位点连锁较紧密的标记,其c值较小.利用极端群体的策略能快速有效的定位小麦雌性育性QTL在染色体上的位置.     

利用多重PCR进行鸡全基因组扫描

应用多重PCR结合半自动化荧光标记DNA分析技术从328个微卫星标记中筛选出分布于23条常染色体及1条性染色体(Z染色体)、覆盖3080cM、包含在30个引物组合中的170个多态微卫星标记,平均标记密度为18cM,并优化了这些引物组合的反应条件.筛选出的这些多态微卫星标记在本实验群体中符合Mendel遗传定律,可应用于鸡的连锁图谱分析及重要经济数量性状的定位研究,     

小麦taf1位点的连锁不平衡分析

利用遍布全基因组的21个SSR分子标记,对小麦雌性不育系XND126与1201、802、60个普通小麦品种(系)组成的三个品种(系)群体进行群体结构的评估,发现在三个群体中都存在群体结构.对消除群体结构后的三个亚群体中各标记的连锁不平衡值(linkage disequilibrium value)进行比较.结果表明,群体大小影响标记与雌性育性位点间的LD值.基于对小麦雌性育性taf1位点初步定位的信息.对2DS染色体上30个SSR分子标记的LD研究显示,Xgwm71、Xwmc25、Xgwm515、Xcfd36同样与原标记Xgdm35等具有较大的LD值,可能与taf1密切相关.获得这些较大LD值的标记(Xgwm71、Xwmc25等),为taf1位点的精细定位做出了充分的准备.     

微卫星标记分析籼粳亚种间的遗传多样性

208对引物中具有多态性的引物123对,占所用引物的59．13％,不同染色体的微卫星分析的多态性不同,染色体9,10微卫星的多态性高于其它染色体,染色体12上的微卫星标记的多态性最差,仅为46．15％．聚类分析表明,所有的供试材料可分为两群,即籼稻群和粳稻群,聚类结果与亲本材料亲缘关系基本一致,说明微卫星标记能较好地区分籼稻和粳稻,由于农艺性状是基因表达的结果,易受环境影响,聚类结果不能从整体上充分反应品种间的遗传变异,42份常用杂交水稻亲本材料聚类分析表明,恢复系和不育系遗传基础均较狭窄,但恢复系和不育系之间的遗传距离相对较远,从一定程度上反映了遗传距离与杂种优势正相关。     

利用微卫星座位研究蓝孔雀的遗传结构

利用7对鸡的微卫星引物对蓝孔雀基因组进行种间扩增,其中4对引物能扩增出特异性条带。4个微卫星座位在蓝孔雀群体内均具有遗传多样性,基因杂合度分别为0．8775、0．7325、0．5000、0．7288,多态信息含量分别为0．8751、0．7239、0．3750、0．7123,有效等位基因数为8．1633、3．7383、2．0000、3．6866。4个微卫星座位在蓝孔雀群体中属于多态性座位,可以作为蓝孔雀群体遗传多样性的标记辅助选择位点。     

鉴定与水稻光敏核不育基因pms3连锁的AFLP-RFLP标记

运用 ＡＦＬＰ技术对农垦 ５８Ｓ×１５１４的 Ｆ２代群体构建的极端集团进行了分析,在 ２５３对ＡＦＬＰ引物中,９１％具有多态性带,有２０对引物扩增到了阳性带．阳性带经克隆后用作ＲＦＬＰ探针进行极端集团分析,其中４个具有多态性带．２个（Ｆ３和Ｖ４）表现为阳性带．Ｆ２代不育群体ＲＦＬＰ分析结果显示,Ｆ３和Ｖ４两个标记与第１２染色体上的光敏核不育基因ｐｍｓ３连锁．通过极大似然法估算,Ｆ３和Ｖ４标记距光敏核不育基因ｐｍｓ３的遗传距离分别为５.８０ｃＭ和７．７５ ｃＭ．     

玫瑰冠鸡资源群的微卫星多态性分析

利用8个微卫星DNA标记分析了玫瑰冠鸡(50只)及其杂交鸡(40只)的群体遗传变异。计算了各群体在各位点上的等位基因频率,并据此计算出各群体的平均遗传杂合度、多态信息含量和有效等位基因数。结果表明:2个鸡群在8个微卫星座位上的基因频率存在明显的差异。所选的8个微卫星座位均为高度多态,可作为有效的遗传标记用于鸡群体遗传多样性的分析。     

Fine mapping of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ht2 (Helminthosporium turcicum</Emphasis> resistance 2) gene in maize

Fine mapping of Helminthosporium turcicum resistance gene Ht2 is extremely valuable for map-based cloning of the Ht2 gene,gaining a better knowledge of the distribution of resistance genes in maize genome and marker-assisted selection in maize breeding.An F2 mapping population was developed from a cross between a resistant inbred line 77Ht2 and a susceptible inbred line Huobai.With the aid of RFLP marker analyses,the Ht2 gene was mapped between the RFLP markers UMC89 and BNL2.369on chromosome 8,with a genetic distance of 0.9cM to BNL2.369.There was a linkage between SSR markers UMC1202,BNLG1152,UMC1149 and the Ht2 gene by SSR assay,Among the SSR markers,the genetic distance between UMC1149 and the Ht2 gene was 7.2cM,By bulked segregant analysis 7 RAPD-amplified products which were probably linked to the Ht2 gene were selected after screening 450 RAPD primers and converted the single-copy ones into SCAR markers.Linkage analysis showed that the genetic distance between the SCAR marker SD-06633 and the Ht2 gene was 0.4cM.From these results,a part of linkage map around the Ht2 gene was constructed.     

Characterization and mapping of a white panicle mutant gene in rice

A spontaneous white panicle mutant was found from the F6 progenies of an indicajaponica cross.The mutant exhibits white stripes on its basal leaves while the panicles,rachis and pedicel are milky white colored at flowering stage.Genetic analysis in an F2 population from the cross of Zhi7/white panicle mutant indicates that the white panicle phenotype is controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene,tentatively termed as wp(t).Using microsatellite markers,the wp(t) gene was anchored between the markers of SSR101 and SSR63.9 with a map distance of 2.3 and 0.8cM,respectively,and co-segregated with the marker of SSR17 on rice chromosome 1.     

利用DNA微卫星标记定位水稻的抗稻瘟病基因

利用回交育种中产生的回交群体结合前人的研究结果构建了Pil基因区域的局部分子标记连锁图，通过BC1F2家系的接种结果判断其基因型，将Pil定位在RFLP标记RZ536与SSR标记RM144之间，图距分别为9．7、6．8cm，从而建立了一套完整的以PCR为基础的分子标记辅助选择体系。     

Characterization and mapping of a lesion mimic mutant in rice （Oryza sativa L.）

A rice initiation-type lesion mimic mutant (lmi) was identified, which was isolated from an indica rice Zhongxian 3037 through γ radiation mutagenesis. Trypan blue staining and sterile culture revealed that the mutant spontaneously developed lesions on the leaves in a developmentally regulated and light-dependent manner. Genetic analysis indicated that the lesion mimic trait was controlled by a single resessive locus. Using public molecular markers and an F2 population derived from lmi and 93-11, we mapped the lmi locus to the short arm of chromosome 8, nearby the centromere, between two SSR markers RM547 and RM331. The genetic distance was 1.2 and 3.2 cM, respectively. Then according to the public rice genomic sequence between the two SSR markers, lmi was further finely tagged by three CAPS markers: C4135-8, C4135-9 and C4135-10. And lmi locus was a co-segregated with marker C4135-10, providing a starting point for lmi gene cloning.     

Fine mapping of the dominant glandless Gene Gl2^e in Sea-island cotton （Gossypium barbadense L.）

Gle2 is a mutant gene that controls glandless trait in cotton plants and seeds. It is an important gene resource to gossypol-free cottonseed breeding. The objective of this research was to develop SSR markers tightly linked with Gle2 by using the F2 segregating population containing 1599 plants derived from the cross of G. hirsutum genetic standard line TM-1 and G. barbadense glandless mutant line Hai-1. Genetic analysis suggested that the Gle2 was an incomplete dominant gene. Based on the backbone of genetic linkage map from G. hirsutum × G. barbadense BC1 published by our laboratory,Gle2 was lo-cated between CIR362 and NAU2251b,NAU3860b,STV033,with a genetic distance 9.27 and 0.96 cM,respectively. This result is useful for cloning Gle2 gene by map-based cloning method.     

Fine mapping of the red plant gene R_1 in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Sub 16 is a substitution line with G. hirsutum cv. TM-1 genetic background except that the 16th chro-mosome (Chr. 16) is replaced by the corresponding homozygous chromosome of G. barbadense cv. 3-79, and T586 is a G. hirsutum multiple gene marker line with 8 dominant mutation genes. The R1 gene for anthocyanin pigmentation was tagged in Chr. 16 in T586. The objective of this research was to screen SSR markers tightly linked with R1 by using the F2 segregating population containing 1259 plants derived from t...