基于计算听觉场景分析的语音增强改进算法

针对单通道语音增强问题,基于计算听觉场景分析(CASA)的原理,提出了一种基于CASA计算模型的语音增强改进算法。该算法在特征提取中选择了目标语音有效能量、信道互相关等特征,对语谱能量和互相关特征的阈值选取进行了改进。在5种低信噪比噪声干扰条件下的仿真实验结果证明,该算法输出增强语音的信噪比平均提高了9.32dB,有效地抑制了噪声。     

基于CASA简化模型的语音增强算法

基于听觉现象分析（CASA）模型的基本原理,针对仅有非语音信号干扰情况下的单通道语音增强处理问题,利用人耳的频率掩蔽效应,提出了一种单通道简化CASA计算模型语音增强新算法,新算法通过提取混合语音输入中的有效语音时频成分并利用人耳的听觉掩蔽效应重构合成增强语音输出信号,通过在汽车噪声和白噪声干扰下的仿真实验结果表明,简化的CASA模型语音增强算法的输出信噪比约提高了10dB,且可以有效抑制干扰噪声的听觉影响,增强输出语音信号的可懂度。     

基于计算听觉场景分析的改进清音分离方法

基于计算听觉场景分析(CASA)的单通道语音分离方法在浊音分离领域已发展得较为成熟,然而由于清音信号具有较小的能量且不包含周期性基音特征,因此清音分离具有较大的困难。根据噪声信号分布的不确定性和不稳定性,提出了基于CASA和谱减的改进清音分离方法。改进方法在剔除了浊音块后,通过基于距离加权的残余噪声估计算法得到每个清音单元中所包含的噪声能量,对每个清音单元进行谱减算法并标记,进一步剔除残余噪声单元,提取出清音信号。实验结果证明:与传统清音分离方法相比,改进方法对时变性残余噪声能量的估计结果更加精确,更能提高清音分离的有效性。     

多带激励声码器的改进双路径基音跟踪算法

为了增强多带激励（MBE）声码器基音估计性能的鲁棒性,提出了一种可适用于低信噪比语音信号的改进双路径基音跟踪算法．采用全新构造的差值不等式作为约束方程,其差值门限的取值在基音跟踪过程中能够根据基音周期长短的统计特征自动更新．实验结果显示：在SNR为-5dB的高斯白噪声干扰的情况下,基音估计的严重错误概率的性能改善平均达到70％．与传统算法相比,该算法对不同讲话者和不同程度高斯白噪声干扰均具有较强的适应能力,尤其在噪声严重的情况下该算法对基音估计的准确性得到明显改善,从而使合成语音具有较好的可懂度和自然度．     

小波分析法对多带激励声码器基音提取的改进

作者介绍了小波变换用于语音信号基音周期检测的原理，提出了基于小波变换后波形特征的基音提取算法。该算法与原多带激励声码器基音提取算法相比，能有效避开噪声的干扰，正确提取语音的基音，计算复杂度也降低很多。     

用子空间提高有色噪声背景下的语音质量

针对在语音通信过程中,纯净语音信号经常受到周围有色噪声环境干扰导致语音质量下降的问题,提出了一种用子空间提高语音质量,改善听觉感知度,降低用户听觉疲劳感的算法。该算法通过用非平稳噪声估计方法实时跟踪噪声信号的特征值,对跟踪的噪声和信号进行对角化;为了进一步消除有色噪声,对带噪语音再次进行维纳滤波处理,最后获得更新的最优特征值估计方程。实验结果表明,在信噪比不同的工厂噪声等有色噪声背景下,与传统子空间的算法相比,经过新算法的语音信噪比得到了明显的提高,且有效地降低了音乐噪声。     

采用聚类神经网络与分离输出语音重构的语音分离算法

基于听觉现象分析计算模型 ( CASA)的基本原理 ,对仅有单通道输入混合语音信号时 ,采用振荡器神经网络 ,提出了一种 CASA计算模型语音分离算法结构 .利用实例说明了算法的具体实现步骤和参数设置 .讨论了该算法结构中各语音听觉感知成分 Segments的聚类过程和对分离输出语音的重构处理部分 ,以及如何采用合适的听觉感知成分聚类规则设计相应的聚类神经网络 ,以完成对应不同输入独立语音源信号的各 Segments的聚类 ,从而实现语音分离任务     

采用聚类神经网络与分离输出语音重构的语音分离算法

基于听觉现象分析计算模型 (CASA)的基本原理 ,对仅有单通道输入混合语音信号时 ,采用振荡器神经网络 ,提出了一种 CASA计算模型语音分离算法结构 .利用实例说明了算法的具体实现步骤和参数设置 .讨论了该算法结构中各语音听觉感知成分 Segments的聚类过程和对分离输出语音的重构处理部分 ,以及如何采用合适的听觉感知成分聚类规则设计相应的聚类神经网络 ,以完成对应不同输入独立语音源信号的各 Segm ents的聚类 ,从而实现语音分离任务     

基于基音频能值的端点检测算法

根据语音的发声特点,基于分析语音信号中的基音频率和语音之间的关系,提出一种在强噪声环境下实现提高语音识别率的方法,并对基于基音频能值的端点检测算法和传统语音端点检测算法进行比较.实验结果表明该方法不仅能够有效提高语音段的检测率,同时还具有计算量小、实时性高、不受噪声影响即鲁棒性好等特点.     

一种改进的基音检测算法

提出了一种改进的基音检测算法,通过最小化重建谐振峰与原始谐振峰之间的误差得到最佳的基音估计。在基音估计中引入误差控制因子以得到无偏的误差函数,同时对基音轨迹跟踪技术作了改进,以保证基音轨迹的正确演变。实验结果表明,与ＩＭＢＥ标准中的基音检测算法相比,该方法能够提供更正确且平滑的基音轨迹,尤其在过渡段能有效地跟踪快速基音变化,从而使重建语音具有更好的连续性和主观质量。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that