激光功率对6061-T6铝合金激光填丝焊接头组织及性能的影响

采用激光填丝焊将厚度为2 mm和3 mm的6061-T6铝合金板材进行搭接叠焊,研究激光功率对接头成形质量的影响,分析了接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明,增大激光功率可以有效增加热输入量,焊道逐渐宽化,焊缝熔深增加。进一步分析发现,焊缝中心区和热影响区的析出相均为Mg₂Si。硬度试验结果表明,焊缝中心区由于细小等轴晶和析出相的双重作用,硬度远高于母材区与热影响区的。拉伸试验结果表明,接头的抗拉强度随激光功率的增大而升高,激光功率由2.0 kW升高至2.8 kW,抗拉强度升高约39%。     

热输入对Q460钢焊接接头组织及拉伸变形行为的影响

以Q460钢为对象，研究了埋弧焊热输入对其接头组织及其拉伸变形行为的作用规律与机理.结果表明:接头HAZ宽度随热输入增加而增大，同时FZ柱状晶比例也增加，FZ靠近熔合线的组织明显细化，且FZ的软化得到改善.热输入对接头整体强度无明显影响，而断裂延伸率呈增加趋势.19.0kJ/cm下焊接接头FZ与HAZ界面的变形不协调，导致过早发生断裂.随热输入的增加，FZ组织细化，缓解了FZ与HAZ界面硬度差，提高了接头的塑性变形能力，拉伸断裂位置由FZ转移至BM.     

Effect of trace Ce and B additions on the microstructure of Nb-3Si-22Ti alloys

The effects of trace Ce and B additions on the microstructure Nb-22Ti-3Si alloys were studied. The microstructure of the alloys was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and their phase compositions were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Electro-Probe micro-analyzer (EPMA). The distributions of the elements were detected by Spectrum analyzer. The interface of the phases in the alloys was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results indicated that two phases of Nbss and Nb3Si presented in Nb-22Ti-3Si, Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2Ce and Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2B alloys. The segregation of Ti at the interface between Nbss and Nb3Si was promoted and the volume fraction of silicides in the alloy increased with the trace B and Ce addition to the Nb-22Ti-3Si alloy respectively. And there was no single and definite orientation relationship between Nb3Si and Nbss in Nb-22Ti-3Si, Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2Ce and Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2B alloys. Compared with the Nb-22Ti-3Si alloy, the Nbss superlattice structure was found in Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2Ce and Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2B alloys.     

Al-6.6Zn-1.7Mg-0.26Cu合金挤压材焊接接头的组织与性能

采用光学显微镜、透射电子显微镜、维氏硬度计和拉伸试验机,研究了Al-6.6Zn-1.7Mg-0.26Cu合金挤压材熔化极惰性气体保护焊接接头的显微组织和力学性能。结果表明：焊缝中心区为枝晶,靠近母材侧的焊缝熔合区为柱状晶,母材为等轴晶,但靠近焊缝熔合区的母材晶粒发生了长大。焊接接头的硬度以焊缝为中心呈对称分布,从母材到焊缝中心,硬度先下降后上升再下降。焊缝中心区的硬度最低,为86～105（HV）。焊接接头的抗拉强度为309 MPa,屈服强度为237 MPa,伸长率为4.75%,挤压材的焊接强度系数为0.76。     

焊接热输入对低合金高强钢焊缝组织和韧性的影响

摘要： 针对海上钻井平台桩腿用厚板低合金高强钢Q690E,研究不同焊接热输入对接头焊缝显微组织及冲击韧性的影响.结果表明,当热输入从1.376 MJ/m提高到2.248 MJ/m时,焊缝区冲击韧性先升高再降低.当焊接热输入为1.56 MJ/m时,焊缝区微观组织以针状铁素体为主,低温韧性最好;采用小电流低速焊焊缝区组织更加均匀,冲击断口韧窝区所占比例更大,低温韧性更高;在热输入相同的条件下,单丝熔化极活性气体保护焊焊缝区以针状铁素体和粒状贝氏体为主,低温韧性优于双丝焊.     

Effect of trace Zn, P and Mg additions on microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb-Si-Ti alloys

The effects of Zn,P and Mg additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb-22Ti-3Si alloys were studied. The phases of Nbss and Nb_3Si presented in Nb-22Ti-3Si(AC1),Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2Zn(AC2) and Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2Mg alloys(AC3). The Nb-22Ti-3Si-0.2P(AC4) alloy consisted of Nbss,Nb_3Si network and eutectic cell of Nbss/α-Nb_5Si_3.By the addition of Zn,the Nb_3Si network was broken and the volume fraction of Nbss increased from 92%to 96%.The values of fracture toughness of the alloy AC2 at ambien...     

AZ31镁合金氩弧焊接接头组织与力学性能研究

钨极氩弧焊(TIG)为镁合金焊接中最常用的一种焊接方法。本文采用直流钨极氩弧焊对6.0 mm厚AZ31镁合金挤压板材进行了双面焊接实验。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机考察分析了焊接接头显微组织与力学性能。显微组织分析表明,AZ31镁合金直流TIG焊接头由母材、热影响区、焊缝区组成,焊缝组织呈现焊丝熔化后凝固组织;在母材热影响区与焊缝区之间坡口处形成过渡区,晶粒细小,为母材与焊丝的熔合区。采用AZ31焊丝焊接接头平均抗拉强度为241.0 MPa,延伸率为13.8%,分别达到了母材的86.0%和63.6%。焊接接头的断裂均位于热影响区,断口呈现韧脆混合断裂特征。     

Grain refinement of Mg-Li-Al cast alloys by adding typical master alloys

Commercial Al-3Ti-1C and Al-5Ti-1B master alloys were added in order to refine the grains of Mg-Li-Al alloys.The effects of their addition levels on grain refinement of Mg-Li-Al cast alloy were investigated and the mechanism of the grain refinement was discussed.The results showed that the addition of Al-3Ti-1C master alloy reduced the grain size of LA141 cast alloy from 900μm to 400μm,while the addition of Al-5Ti-1B master alloy reduced the grain size of LA51 cast alloy from 500μm to 240μm.The grain ref...     

Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金交流TIG焊接头组织与性能

采用进口ER4043和ER4047作为填充焊丝对Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金热挤压板材实施交流TIG直缝对焊.利用金相观察、显微硬度测定及拉伸性能测试等方法研究了焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能.结果表明:在所选的焊接工艺参数条件下,交流TIG焊可以获得焊缝质量良好的焊接接头;焊缝区(WZ)是明显的熔融金属激冷形成的铸态组织,热影响区(HAZ)Si颗粒有聚集长大的趋势;接头显微硬度分布显示硬度在焊缝区达到最高,在熔合区急剧下降,在热影响区达到最低.两种焊丝焊接接头抗拉强度都达到基材的90%以上.     

Experimental Study on the Milling of a Ti Beta 21S

Ti Beta 21S (Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2Si) was devel op ed by TIMET in 1989. It is a metastable beta titanium alloy that offers subs tantial weight reductions over other engineering materials. Compared with common beta Ti alloys, it offers the high specific strength, good cold formability, im proved oxidation resistance, elevated temperature strength, creep resistance, an d thermal stability. Besides the common characters of titanium alloy, such as po or heat diffusivity, low elastic modulus, Ti Beta 21S has ...     

焊接热输入对镁合金与镀铜钢冷金属过渡焊接接头性能和缺陷影响

利用冷金属过渡焊(CMT)对镁合金和镀铜钢异种金属进行焊接,填充材料选择AZ31镁合金焊丝,对焊接接头的显微组织进行检测,分析焊接接头的性能和缺陷。实验结果表明:Cu元素对镁合金在钢表面的润湿铺展起到良好的促进作用,焊接热输入影响Cu元素对镁/钢表面的润湿铺展效果。焊接接头产生富铜区,易产生裂纹,降低了焊接接头强度。经过拉伸测试,在焊接热输入为212. 2 J/mm时,焊接接头强度达到最大值3. 99 k N,但在焊接热输入达到254. 6 J/mm时,焊接强度反而降低,这是由于钎焊区生成了大量的中间层脆性化合物。焊接接头组织中检测到气孔、夹渣和裂纹等焊接缺陷的存在,这与母材表面的氧化膜和焊缝内应力有关。     

Static coarsening of titanium alloys in single field by cellular automaton model considering solute drag and anisotropic mobility of grain boundaries

Static coarsening is an important physical phenomenon that influences microstructural evolution and mechanical properties. How to simulate this process effectively has become an important topic which needs to be dealt with. In this paper, a new cellular automaton (CA) model, which considers the effect of solute drag and anisotropic mobility of grain boundaries, was developed to simulate static grain coarsening of titanium alloys in the beta-phase field. To describe the effect of the drag caused by different solute atoms on coarsening, their diffusion velocities in beta titanium were estimated relative to that of titanium atoms (Ti). A formula was proposed to quantitatively describe the relationship of the diffusion velocity of Ti to that of solute atoms; factors influencing the diffusion velocity such as solute atom radius, mass, and lattice type were considered. The anisotropic mobility of grain boundaries was represented by the parameter c0, which was set to 1 for a fully anisotropic effect. These equations were then implemented into the CA scheme to model the static coarsening of titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V, Ti17 (Ti-5Al-4Mo-4Cr-2Sn-2Zr, wt%), TG6 (Ti-5.8Al-4.0Sn-4.0Zr-0.7Nb-1.5Ta-0.4Si-0.06C, wt%) and TA15 (Ti-6Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V, wt%) in the beta field. The predicted results, including coarsening kinetics and microstructural evolution, were in good agreement with experimental results. Finally, the effects of time, temperature, and chemical composition on grain coarsening and the limitations of the model were discussed.     

6N01-7N01铝合金T型焊接接头的微观组织与性能的研究

6N01和7N01铝合金是高铁列车车体上大量使用的2种重要的轻量化结构材料.本文利用EBSD、光学显微镜、维氏硬度测试和加速腐蚀实验研究了典型6N01-7N01铝合金T型焊接接头的微观组织、硬度分布和腐蚀特性.结果表明:焊缝、熔合区和热影响区的晶粒组织特征存在显著差异.焊缝组织为等轴晶,熔合区组织为等轴晶和柱状晶.靠近焊缝处的6N01合金存在部分晶粒异常长大现象,而7N01合金仅发生了回复和部分再结晶.6N01合金一侧的热影响区会出现硬度比焊缝更低的硬度谷,即软化区,这是由析出相受焊接热的影响发生明显的粗化导致的.经腐蚀实验后,焊缝的硬度显著降低,焊缝和热影响区为焊接接头腐蚀最严重的区域.     

熔炼工艺对TC1钛合金铸锭中Mn元素分布的影响

目的针对在TC1（Ti一2A1—1．5Mn）钛合金铸锭真空自耗熔炼过程中Mn元素不易控制的技术难点,对Mn元素进行合理控制。方法通过在熔炼不同阶段向炉内选择不同的充氩压力进行充氩保护熔炼来探讨铸锭中Mn元素的分布。结果与结论当采取低熔炼电流、两次充氩且充氩压强为8000Pa时,铸锭中Mn元素挥发量得到有效抑制,且保证了Mn元素分布的均匀性。     

Welded Joint Model Construction and Welding Mechanism of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The characteristics of the welding molten pool of AZ91 magnesium alloy were studied and the welding interface model was built using metallographic observation and scanning electorn microscope(SEM) composition analysis.The welding area was divided into heat affected zone(HAZ),liquefaction zone(LZ),rich poly zone(RPZ),sparse zone(SZ) and weld zone(WZ).The analyses of the microstructure and composition of each region show that optimizing the welding process can improve mechanical properties of weld zone.While for LZ,its tensile properties can be strengthened only by improving the composition of the parent metal and the second phase distribution.And the way to improve the tensile properties of LZ,RPZ,and SZ is to give priority to improve the parent metal composition and the second phase distribution,improving welding technology as the complementary method.Furthermore,based on the results above and the analyses of the microstructure and composition of welding cracks,it is found that the tensile fracture is mainly caused by the stress cracking rather than composition crack.     

Effects of welding wire composition and welding process on the weld metal toughness of submerged arc welded pipeline steel

The effects of alloying elements in welding wires and submerged arc welding process on the microstructures and low-temperature impact toughness of weld metals have been investigated. The results indicate that the optimal contents of alloying elements in welding wires can improve the low-temperature impact toughness of weld metals because the proeutectoid ferrite and bainite formations can be suppressed, and the fraction of acicular ferrite increases. However, the contents of alloying elements need to vary along with the welding heat input. With the increase in welding heat input, the contents of alloying elements in welding wires need to be increased accordingly. The microstructures mainly consisting of acicular ferrite can be obtained in weld metals after four-wire submerged arc welding using the wires with a low carbon content and appropriate contents of Mn, Mo, Ti-B, Cu, Ni, and RE, resulting in the high low-temperature impact toughness of weld metals.     

钛合金激光/氩弧斜焊缝疲劳性能对比研究

针对TC4钛合金激光、氩弧斜角度焊接疲劳性能展幵对比试验研究。对两种斜焊缝试样的疲劳寿命和疲劳断口进行了対比计算与分析。结果表明:氩弧斜焊试件的疲劳寿命相比激光斜焊的分散性小,激光斜焊试件的中值疲劳寿命是氩弧斜焊的1.96倍;激光焊缝比氩弧焊总体面积小,激光斜焊疲劳裂纹起始于热影响区表面,氩弧斜焊疲劳源位于试件内部气孔缺陷处。裂纹扩展初期两种焊缝均有脆性解理特征矿展后期和瞬断区激光斜焊比氩弧斜焊表现出更好的韧性。     

In situ synthesis and hardness of TiC/Ti5Si3 composites on Ti-5Al-2.5Sn substrates by gas tungsten arc welding

TiC/Ti₅Si₃ composites were fabricated on Ti-5Al-2.5Sn substrates by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW). Identification of the phases was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructures were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) combined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) and optical microscopy (OM). The Vickers hardness was measured with a micro-hardness tester. The TiC/Ti₅Si₃ composites were obtained in a double-layer track, and the Vickers hardness of the track increased by two to three times compared with the Ti-5Al-2.5Sn substrate.     

6mm厚货车用铝合金板摩擦搅拌焊试验研究

摩擦搅拌焊技术已成为铝合金焊接的重要手段。针对5052和6061-T6两种6 mm厚铁路货车使用的铝合金板材,采用摩擦搅拌焊设备进行焊接试验;并进行了相关检测,研究不同工艺参数对焊接质量的影响。结果表明:提高搅拌头的转速和降低焊接速度有利于降低设备的主轴轴向受力。在低转速时,摩擦搅拌焊的焊接质量较差,焊缝结构疏松,容易出现焊缝缺陷;当转速提高到1 200 r/min时,热输入能量适中,焊缝表面光滑明亮,表观质量良好。由焊缝表观可以发现,提高焊接进给速度后,焊缝表面光亮度下降,纹路变得明显,表面变得粗糙;在较高的搅拌头转速下以不同焊接速度进行焊接,其焊缝内部基本无可见缺陷,质量良好;在相同的搅拌头转速和焊接速度下,6061-T6铝合金板焊接过程中主轴压力略低于5052铝合金板。     

钪铒微合金化对7A52合金焊缝组织与性能的影响

采用传统ER5183焊丝及单独和复合添加Sc,Er的自制5183焊丝对7A52铝合金进行钨电极惰性气体保护焊,并对焊接接头的力学性能和焊缝显微组织进行了研究.结果表明,拉伸断裂均在焊缝中心处,焊缝处是焊接接头的最薄弱环节,其次是焊接热影响区内的软化区.在ER5183焊丝中添加微量元素Sc和Er可有效细化焊缝处的组织,提高合金焊接接头的强度,其中单独添加Sc的焊丝效果最好,单独添加Er的焊丝效果次之.焊接接头的抗拉强度可达3324MPa,是母材强度的725%.