结合水动力学的厌氧消化1号模型在UASB反应器中的应用

建立了新型的以厌氧消化1号模型为基础的对流扩散模型来模拟升流式厌氧污泥床反应器,在此模型中同时考虑了水动力学及生化动力学.模型涉及的偏微分方程借助中心有限差分法在Matlab中编程进行求解.示踪剂实验与两组有机负荷冲击实验分别用于验证对流扩散模型的水动力学及生化动力学,结果显示模拟数据与实验数据能很好地吻合.此外,所建立的模型还能反映不同高度处的反应器状态,借助这个优势可以在反应器遭受异常情况时进行预警.     

多孔高分子载体AFB反应器数学模型的建立

以生物粒子空间占有率ε为重要的工艺参数,应用质量平衡原理和实验中的相关参数进行了厌氧流化床反应器处理有机废水过程稳态机理模型的推理,并且对其作了线性化处理,得到厌氧流化床运行的稳态参数模型;该模型可用于厌氧流化床运行的在线控制,具有理论和实用价值。     

厌氧颗粒模型的研究进展

颗粒污泥因具有良好的沉降性能及生物活性而广泛应用于厌氧生物处理中.构建颗粒污泥模型对于模拟反应器的运行性能、预测反应器的处理效果、优化反应器的设计及调控过程的运行具有重要作用.综述了厌氧颗粒的多层模型、互养的微生物模型、非层结构模型、颗粒群模型以及颗粒堆积模型等多种结构模型,为高效厌氧反应器的设计和优化提供依据.     

以LSAR为载体的UAFB反应器运行动力学

以用造纸黑液制成的球形木质素树脂作为生物载体,在上流式厌氧流化床（ＵＡＦＢ）反应器装置中,进行了处理模拟高浓度酸化相出水的厌氧甲烷相流化床的运行实验．结果表明,当有机容积负荷小于６．０ｇ／（Ｌ·ｄ）时,基质ＣＯＤ去除率高于９０％;实验中得到生物负载量为０．０７４５;建立了ＵＡＦＢ反应器的动力学模型,测定了３５℃时的动力学参数．     

水解-UNITANK工艺处理制药废水工序的优化

将厌氧水解和UNITANK反应器结合组成厌氧水解-UNITANK工艺用于制药有机废水的处理.厌氧水解工序主要完成对有机物的水解,达到初步降解有机物的目的.水解出水进UNITANK反应器,进一步降解有机物.厌氧水解-UNITANK工艺处理后出水经曝气生物滤池(BAF)深度处理,使废水得到净化.本试验从温度、停留时间等方面初步探索了厌氧水解反应器及UNITANK反应器的最佳工艺参数与条件.试验得出,厌氧水解适宜温度为25~30℃,最佳停留时间为12 h;UNITANK反应器的最佳温度为20℃,最佳停留时间为90 h.     

溴离子对厌氧反应的影响及对策

精对苯二甲酸装置共有两套PTA装置,生产能力为300万t,每小时生成约1 000 t污水,共有7台厌氧反应器,污水中含有机物、金属离子、高浓度钠离子和溴离子。厌氧反应器存在的问题是出口COD含量高,出口污泥含量高,水力负荷达不到设计值等。严重时影响污水装置排水质量及PTA主装置运行。通过优化厌氧反应器的温度、进料浓度、进口营养组成,未见效果。查阅有关资料,排除了铁、硫、镁、钾、镍、钴、锰等影响因素。在相关文献中也未查到溴对厌氧反应的影响。进行溴离子对厌氧反应影响工业试验,采用生化数学模型,应用MATLAB 2012B软件寻找厌氧反应器合适的参数,取得良好的试验效果。通过改变污水流程和进料溴含量及反应时间,厌氧反应器出水COD符合要求,污泥含量正常,厌氧反应器效率提高。     

两相厌氧处理低浓度污水试验研究

结合分阶段多相厌氧反应器技术(SMPA)的概念,以异波折板反应器作为实验装置,利用投加抑制剂法和动力学控制法相结合的方法实现相分离,提出了一体化多级两相厌氧污水处理技术,并且验证了该工艺处理低浓度污水的可行性。     

厌氧陶粒附着膜膨胀床启动及运行实验研究

采用载体吸附法的固定化方式培养了高活性的厌氧生物膜颗粒,并研究了反应器的启动运行、工艺特性及污泥特性等规律,探索用生物膜颗粒取代厌氧颗粒污泥的可行性,以缓解国内颗粒污泥供应不足的问题.实验装置采用厌氧附着膜膨胀床,投加人工配水,裸载体为陶粒(湿视密度1310kg·m-3,平均粒径0.32mm).实验分初次启动、二次启动及稳定运行两个阶段进行,反应器仅需24 d就可完成启动,COD容积负荷最高达到18kg·m-3·d-1,相应的COD去除率在70%～80%之间.     

厌氧移动床生物膜反应器侧伸式搅拌装置的试验研究

本文选取三种CBY型桨,对厌氧移动床生物膜反应器中采用的侧伸式搅拌装置进行了深入研究。探讨其最优桨型、安装角度、临界转速及其功率准数,为厌氧移动床生物膜反应器的搅拌装置的设计提供了参考。     

连续流隔板式厌氧反应器对高浓度有机废水的处理研究

厌氧生物方法能有效地处理高浓度有机废水,多年来被广泛地研究和应用,尤其是70年代以来,人们已开发出不少高效厌氧反应器.如上流式厌氧污泥床反应器(UASB)、厌氧流化床反应器(AFR)、厌氧膨胀床反应器(AEXB)、厌氧固定膜反应器(SFF)等.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.