纳豆激酶基因的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

纳豆激酶是一种良好的天然蛋白酶类溶栓物质。国内外许多学者对该酶进行了基因工程研究,但在克隆表达过程中出现了许多长短不同的基因片段。本研究通过原产日本的优质纳豆中分离鉴定出高产纳豆杆菌N07并提取该菌株的全基因组;通过PCR手段扩增出能编码纳豆激酶信号肽,前导肽和成熟肽的前纳豆激酶酶原基因NK1,以及能编码纳豆激酶成熟肽的纳豆激酶基因NK2,构建了纳豆激酶基因的表达载体pET30a-NK1和pET30a-NK2,转化E.coli BL21后在大肠杆菌中表达,并进行了活性分析。结果发现,纳豆激酶酶原基因片段NK1能成功表达出有活性的分泌型纳豆激酶;而纳豆激酶基因片段NK2的表达产物为无活性的包涵体。在对NK1和NK2的比较研究后可知,纳豆激酶酶原基因片段NK1能在大肠杆菌中很好的分泌表达,这将为纳豆激酶基因工程的深入研究奠定基础。     

纳豆激酶基因克隆及其在大肠杆菌中活性表达研究

以纳豆芽孢杆菌基因组DNA为模板，PCR扩增了纳豆激酶基因（natto kinase gene）中编码前肽、成熟肽的核苷酸序列（pro-NK），构建大肠杆菌表达质粒pTYB102，转化大肠杆菌ER2566。在IPTG诱导下，分别在15℃（14h）、30℃（3h）、37℃（2h）条件下培养，pTYB102均能表达出有活性的纳豆激酶。实验证实纳豆激酶基因得到活性表达需要Pro序列。SDS－PAGE表明，15℃和30℃和37℃培养表达的杂蛋白更少。薄层扫描测定表达的纳豆激酶占菌体总蛋白30％以上。     

纳豆激酶酶学性质研究

通过测定纳豆激酶对4种人工合成底物的水解活性,以及SDS-PAGE电泳分析等,比较了两株高产纳豆激酶菌株发酵产生的纳豆激酶的酶学性质.结果发现两菌株产生的纳豆激酶的最适底物均为N-Suc-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-pNA;两菌株产生的纳豆激酶对牛纤维蛋白原的水解过程基本一致,反应不同时间,对牛纤维蛋白原不同分子质量的亚基的水解速度不同,9 h后,牛纤维蛋白原基本被全部水解.这为纳豆激酶的进一步研究奠定了基础.     

纳豆杆菌纳豆激酶成熟肽基因的克隆与同源性分析

纳豆杆菌 (Bacillusnatto)是从日本传统食品纳豆中筛选出来的 ,它具有较强的溶栓作用 .根据已发表的纳豆激酶基因序列设计一对引物 ,利用聚合酶链式反应 (PCR) ,从纳豆杆菌的基因组DNA中扩增和克隆到纳豆激酶基因 .序列分析表明 ,该纳豆激酶基因成熟肽编码区含有 82 5bp ,编码 2 75个氨基酸残基 ,与文献已报道的序列分别有 93.4 %和 94 .5 %的同源性 ,显示了极高的同源性 .但该基因与该室克隆的豆豉溶栓酶基因的同源性仅为 80 .1%,这表明纳豆激酶与豆豉溶栓酶确实不是同一种酶 .     

α—珠蛋白基因的PCR检测

用多对引物的复合ＰＣＲ技术，分别扩增α－珠蛋白基因族中α１和α２基因片段；参照β－珠蛋白基因ＰＣＲ扩增产物量，判断α１和α２基因是否正常，是否为缺失的纯合子或杂合子，对α－地中海贫血症先征者家系基因型进行ＰＣＲ分型诊断。     

纳豆激酶基因重组表达载体的构建及其稳定性

利用PCR方法从分泌纳豆激酶的纳豆杆菌基因组DN中扩增纳豆激酶基因,将该基因克隆到表达载体PBV220上,筛选重组子,通过限制性内切酶和PCR技术分析,初步确定该重组子所携外源基因为纳豆激酶基因,用凝块溶解时间法（CLT）测出表达产物具有溶解血栓活性,证明该基因可在大肠杆菌中表达,对重组菌中重组质粒的稳定性进行研究,结果表明质粒的插入对宿主菌的生长没有太大影响,该质粒在宿主菌中具有良好的分离稳定性,但结构稳定性较差,SDS-PAGE分析结果表明基因产物为分泌型,蛋白表达量占菌体蛋白的12%左右。     

纳豆激酶基因在巴斯德毕赤酵母中的表达

构建pPICZαA-NK重组质粒，并转化入E.coli TOP-10中，得到转纳豆激酶基因工程菌，提取重组质粒经单酶切，双酶切，PCR分析及序列测定，证明克隆到载体pPICZαA上的外源基因即为纳豆激酶基因，将重组质粒pPICZαA-NK线性化后，分别转化毕赤酵母GS115与KM71，在含Zeocin^TM的选择性YEPD平板筛选到重组酵母，经检测重组酵母发酵上清液中具纳豆激酶溶纤活性，SDS-PAGE电泳结果表明外源蛋白的表达量占菌体蛋白的10%左右。     

血友病B基因治疗临床试验的安全性研究

报道了血友病Ｂ基因治疗临床Ｉ期试验的安全性研究，包括反转录病毒基因的ＤＮＡ聚合酶反应（ＰＣＲ）、反转录ＰＣＲ（ＲＴ／ＰＣＲ）、Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｍ杂交以及ｎｅｏ基因和ｌａｃＺ基因的补求分析（ｒｅｓｏｕｅａｓｓａｙ）．从ＤＮＡ水平，ＲＮＡ水平和病毒活性体水平对野生型病毒进行了检测，没有检测到反转录病毒，并对兔和人转基因细胞进行形态学观察，染色体核型分析，软琼脂实验，裸鼠接种实验，兔和裸鼠的病理检测及电镜分     

人乳铁蛋白基因克隆及表达载体构建

通过ＰＣＲ法扩增出２３６６bp的人乳铁蛋白cDNA、８００bp的山羊β－乳球蛋白基因５′端调控序列,经ＰＣＲ反应连接后,克隆到表达载体pLNCX中,测序结果表明,与ＧeneBank中登录的序列相比,所获人乳铁蛋白cDNA序列的同源性为９９．７４％,山头β－乳球蛋白基因５′端调控序列的同源性为９９．７５％。酶切结果证明得到了正确的重组载体,可用于乳腺生物反应器的研究。利用ＰＣＲ反应直接克隆目的片段,并通过同源序列进行ＰＣＲ连接,极大提高了克隆的速度和准确性,,为基因克隆及其表达研究带来了方便。     

纳豆激酶基因导入番茄的研究

将来源于枯草芽孢杆菌的纳豆激酶(nattokinase,NK)基因转化到人类可以直接食用的,又非常喜爱的蔬菜—番茄中,得到在转录水平表达的转基因植株.通过根癌农杆菌EHA105介导,转化番茄的下胚轴,诱导愈伤组织形成及分化成幼苗,进而再生出完整植株.提取再生植株基因组DNA,通过PCR扩增检测,结果表明纳豆激酶基因已经成功整合到番茄植物基因组中.RT-PCR实验结果证明了纳豆激酶基因在转录水平上有表达.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with