Comparative effects of carbor tetrachloride and colchicine on xanthine dohydrogenase

Résumé Une augmentation de l'activité de la xanthine déshydrogénase et de la xanthine oxydase du sérum des animaux ayant reçu du tetrachlorure de carbone ou de la colchicine a été observée. Il nous semble que cette augmentation soit en relation avec des variations du métabolisme lipidique, puisque dans les conditions expérimentales mentionnées, des changements du taux des acides gras non saturés ont également été constatés. Les auteurs discutent certaines hypothèses sur les variations simultanées de l'activité des enzymes du foie et du sérum dans des animaux injectés.

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This research was supported by grants from the Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (Brazil).     

Effect of hepatocarcinogens on rat serumpara-phenylene diamine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase

Résumé On a observé une diminution de lapara-phénylène-diamine-oxydase et parfois une augmentation de la xanthine déhydrogenase dans le sérum sanguin des rats traités avec quelques substances cancérigènes pour le foie.     

The relationship of phosphate and lipids to xanthine dehydrogenase

Résumé La xanthine déshydrogénase, enzyme du foie de rat, a été obtenue par 2 procédés différents: (a) avec et (b) sans traitement par le Butanol. La teneur totale en phosphore des 2 préparations a été etonnament élevée. Soixante %, à peu près, du phosphore total s'est montré soluble dans des solvents de lipides. Certaines hypothèses sur la participation des phosphates et des lipides sur l'activité de l'enzyme sont discutées.

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This paper is derived from a thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Biochemistry at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (Brazil).     

Antagonistic effects of pemoline to colchicine and caffeine.

Pemoline, the constituent of Tradon, is able to slow down the decrease of the mitotic index caused by 0.1% caffeine in roots of Vicia faba, and mitotic aberrations are reduced. With 0.005% colchicine and 3 x 10(-4) g/ml pemoline, no metaphase-accumulation can be observed, and anaphase-disorder is delayed.     

Immunopetentiators and the protection they give against carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity

Summary Immunopotentiators such as BCG, levamisole, PS-K and OK-432 prevent carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) hepatotoxicity, and in spite of exposure to CCl₄ the liver tissue levels of thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive substances were not increased in rats pretreated with such immunopotentiators.     

Serum para-phenylenediamine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase levels during liver carcinogenesis in the rat

Zusammenfassung Werden Ratten mit dem carcinogenen 3-Methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzol gefüttert, so nimmt die Konzentration der p-Phenylendiaminoxidase im Serum anfangs rasch ab, um am Ende der Fütterungsperiode langsam wieder auf den Normalwert anzusteigen.Eine Verminderung der Xanthindehydrogenase des Serums war nur zu Beginn des Wachstums von Lebertumoren zu beobachten. Mit Azofarbstoffen gefütterte Ratten wurden anämisch.     

Effect of carbon tetrachloride intoxication on the liver of toad (Bufo melanostictus)

Résumé Les auteurs constatent que le tétrachloride de carbone ne cause pas de dommage au foie du Crapaud non hibernant, mais provoque une dégénérescence de cet organe pendant l'hibernation de l'animal. Ils émettent des suggestions quant au mécanisme auquel seraient due cette différence.     

Activation of fatty acids in the liver in carbon tetrachloride poisoning

Zusammenfassung Bei CCl₄-Vergiftung zeigt die Leber eine vermehrte Aktivierung der Fettsäuren, die sich fast gleichzeitig mit der fettigen Infiltration kundgibt. Die Abnahme der Aktivierung äussert sich bereits 5 h nach der Vergiftung in statistisch signifikanter Weise. Zugabe von CCl₄ hemmtin vitro die Aktivierung von Palmitin- und Buttersäure.     

Effect of carbon tetrachloride poisoning on the plasma levels of aspartate-aminotransferase isoenzymes in the rat

Riassunto Mediante frazionamento cromatografico su colonna di resina a scambio anionico, abbiamo potuto documentare nel siero di ratti intossicati con dosi diverse di CCl₄, incrementi assai significativi sia della componente mitocondriale che citoplasmatica della aspartato-aminotransferasi.     

Changes in microsomal lipids of rat liver after chronic carbon tetrachloride intoxication

Riassunto Un prolungato trattamento con tetracloruro di carbonio, tale da indurre una grave cirrosi epatica, determina una diminuzione degli acidi grassi più insaturi (acido arachidonico ed acido docosaexenoico) dei fosfolipidi dei microsomi di fegato di ratto. L'ipotesi che tale diminuzione sia dovuta ad una parziale distruzione di questi acidi grassi attraverso un processo di perossidazione lipidica indotto dal CCl₄, è avvalorata dalla presenza, nei lipidi microsomiali, di una banda di assorbimento caratteristica dei «dieni coniugati».     

Comparison of the in vitro effects of colchicine and its derivative colchiceine on chondrocyte morphology and function

Colchiceine is a colchicine-metabolite which has been reported to inhibit axonal transport although not binding to brain tubulin. In the present study, colchiceine was shown not to depolymerize cytoplasmic microtubules, nor to mimic other effects of colchicine on the ultrastructure of cultured chondrocytes. In addition, the synthesis of proteoglycans was inhibited by colchicine but slightly stimulated by colchiceine. These results support the idea that the disturbances in cultured chondrocytes caused by colchicine are specifically related to a loss of cytoplasmic microtubules.     

Comparison of the in vitro effects of colchicine and its derivative colchiceine on chondrocyte morphology and function

Summary Colchiceine is a colchicine-metabolite which has been reported to inhibit axonal transport although not binding to brain tubulin. In the present study, colchiceine was shown not to depolymerize cytoplasmic microtubules, nor to mimic other effects of colchicine on the ultrastructure of cultured chondrocytes. In addition, the synthesis of proteoglycans was inhibited by colchicine but slightly stimulated by colchiceine. These results support the idea that the disturbances in cultured chondrocytes caused by colchicine are specifically related to a loss of cytoplasmic microtubules.This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Medical Research Council (proj. No. 12X-03355), the King Gustaf V 80th Birthday Fund, the Swedish Society of Medical Sciences, and from the funds of Karolinska Institutet.