新型防落梁装置耗能元件的耗能影响因素及效果分析

利用ABAQUS有限元软件对开发的新型防落梁装置的耗能元件的耗能影响因素及效果进行系统研究,并对耗能元件的用钢量、刚度、允许位移和耗能能力等因素进行优化分析.结果表明:耗能元件具有良好的塑性性能,耗能能力较好,可通过改变元件数量来满足不同初始刚度或屈服力的技术要求 ;脊背高度、元件厚度和元件高度对耗能效果均有影响,其中脊背高度对耗能能力的影响最大,脊背高度的增加可有效提高耗能能力 ;耗能元件的厚度取为脊背高度的1/4 ～ 1/2,高度取为脊背高度的2.5～4倍较为合理,端肢倾斜角度为20°～35°较合适.     

设置耗能壁板的新型箱形钢墩柱轴压性能数值分析

为探讨设置低屈服点加劲耗能壁板对箱形钢墩柱受力性能的影响机理,采用有限元法对3类设置加劲耗能壁板的新型箱形钢墩柱轴压性能进行数值分析,并探讨设置加劲耗能壁板对箱形钢墩柱的荷载-位移曲线、位移延性系数及承载能力的影响规律.结果表明:耗能壁板高度及宽度对箱形钢墩柱的承载能力和延性影响较大;构件承载能力随耗能壁板高度增大而增大,但随耗能壁板宽度增大而减小;构件延性随耗能壁板高度及宽度增大而增大;加劲肋的厚度、宽度及设置数量均对箱形钢墩柱的承载能力和延性有一定影响.     

预制装配式消能减震复合墙板的 设计方法

对提出的通过钢板弯曲变形耗能的新型预制装配式消能减震墙板(MDW)性能进行了研究,给出了其设计方法,推导出了MDW的弹性刚度、屈服位移和屈服力的计算公式.采用有限元分析软件对MDW进行分析,在验证模型正确的基础上,对不同数量、不同尺寸的钢板及不同墙板尺寸的9组模型进行了数值仿真分析,将分析结果与设计结果进行对比.结果表明:弹性刚度的理论值与有限元分析结果较为接近,偏差在20%以内,当比例系数α为1～2时,屈服力和屈服位移的理论值与有限元分析结果吻合较好;增加耗能钢板的高度、厚度和数量,可以提高MDW的初始刚度和屈服力,墙板尺寸对弹性刚度影响较小,基于以上分析结果,为MDW的设计提供理论依据.     

初始损伤金属耗能器冲击动力特性研究

通过在棚洞支座处设置金属耗能器代替传统砂石垫层,吸收滚石冲击能量,可最大程度减小滚石冲击力。常用的金属耗能器存在初始屈服荷载远高于平均压垮荷载的缺陷。为此,提出一种新型带初始损伤的金属耗能器,通过降低其初始屈服荷载,达到优化棚洞工程的目的。基于LS-DYNA研究轴向冲击荷载下不同初始损伤模式金属耗能器的动力响应,比较了其破坏模式、冲击力-位移关系与耗能效果。结果表明:合理的初始损伤设置可有效降低金属耗能器初始屈服荷载达40%;而平均压垮荷载、吸收的总能量基本保持不变,研究成果可为金属耗能器在棚洞工程中的应用提供依据。     

自复位U形钢板耗能支撑设计与滞回性能分析

为控制地震作用下结构的残余变形,提出了一种自复位U形钢板耗能支撑,采用组合碟簧作为复位系统提供复位能力,将U形钢板作为耗能系统提供耗能能力.在耗能系统和复位系统的双线性弹性模型基础上,建立了支撑恢复力模型,并对支撑进行数值模拟,分析不同设计参数对支撑滞回性能的影响.结果 表明,自复位U形钢板耗能支撑具有稳定的耗能能力和良好的自复位能力,且耗能能力随U形钢板宽度的增加而增强,复位能力随组合碟簧初始预压力的增大而增强,建议将组合碟簧的预压力取值为大于耗能系统的屈服强度且小于耗能系统的极限强度.     

位移放大型扭转阻尼器性能分析

为了加固梁柱节点、避免框架结构出现"弱节点"的破坏模式、提高框架结构整体的抗震和耗能能力,研制出一种具有自主知识产权的位移放大型扭转阻尼器(DATD),并对其进行数值分析和试验研究.首先,设计了18个具有不同参数的DATD,建立其有限元模型进行数值分析;随后,设计并制作了一个DATD,进行性能试验并与有限元分析结果对比.结果表明:DATD滞回曲线饱满,耗能能力强;有限元分析与性能试验的滞回曲线吻合较好,且随着加载位移的增加,两者间误差变小,因此可以采用建立的有限元模型来研究DATD的力学性能.最后,对DATD进行参数影响分析,研究了铅芯直径、铅芯距中轴距离、橡胶层直径、橡胶层厚度及橡胶剪切模量对其特征参数的影响,结果表明:DATD的屈服剪力、等效刚度、等效阻尼比及耗能系数随着铅芯直径增大而明显增大,随着铅芯距中轴距离的增大略有增大;随着橡胶层直径、橡胶剪切模量的增大,屈服剪力及等效刚度逐渐增大而耗能系数及等效阻尼比逐渐减小;4个特征参数均随着橡胶层厚度的增大而略微减小.     

装配式钢质耗能铰连接中开孔削弱钢板阻尼器滞回性能研究

提出一种装配式节点钢质耗能铰连接，对其关键部件开孔削弱钢板阻尼器，进行3种开孔削弱形式的试件轴向往复加载试验，考察开孔削弱钢板阻尼器的破坏模态，研究其滞回性能、骨架曲线、承载能力与延性性能等。探讨开孔削弱长度、开孔削弱宽度、宽厚比、厚度方向间隙等参数对钢板阻尼器滞回性能的影响。建立开孔削弱钢板阻尼器的简化力学模型，提出阻尼器滞回本构模型并对本构模型准确性进行验证。结果表明，阻尼器的开孔削弱钢板在开孔削弱处开裂或断裂，避免了面外屈曲的发生，实现塑性耗能与破坏模式可控；阻尼器滞回曲线饱满，承载力均高于297.31 kN，位移延性系数Δ/Δy均大于4.5，表现出良好的耗能能力、承载能力与延性性能；相比菱形开孔，竖缝开孔削弱阻尼器综合力学性能更优，建议开孔削弱长度a/L为0.25～0.55，开孔削弱宽度b/B为0.2～0.5，宽厚比为12.50～15.63，厚度方向间隙不超过2 mm；提出的开孔削弱钢板阻尼器滞回本构模型能准确地模拟阻尼器滞回性能。     

板式橡胶支座摩擦滑移抗震性能试验研究

为了研究板式橡胶支座摩擦滑移后桥梁的抗震性能,完成了5个试件在不同竖向荷载作用和往复荷载作用下的拟静力试验,分析了支座摩擦滑移前后的滞回曲线、骨架曲线、支座变形、滑移位移、强度和刚度退化规律以及耗能能力等抗震性能指标.试验结果表明,加载位移较小时,支座主要发生弹性剪切变形,滑动位移较小.当支座剪切变形达到73%~110%时,发生明显滑移,滑移位移与支座所受的竖向荷载和支座规格有关.支座与钢板之间的摩擦系数与施加竖向荷载成反比,摩擦力与竖向荷载成正比,支座加载和卸载刚度基本不变,等效刚度退化明显,但退化到一定值后基本稳定.板式橡胶支座橡胶层厚度的增加会导致支座摩擦耗能性能改变,加载位移相同时,支座自身的剪切变形随之增大,摩擦滑移位移和摩擦耗能则随之减小.     

X形钢板剪力墙受力性能分析

提出一种适用于自复位结构的新型X形钢板剪力墙,给出X形钢板剪力墙简化受力模型,推导了初始抗侧刚度、屈曲后刚度和极限承载力,并通过数值分析验证了公式的有效性。以跨高比和高厚比为主要参数,对不同参数的模型进行了有限元模拟,结果表明:与两边连接钢板剪力墙相比,X形钢板剪力墙腰部削弱对刚度和承载力影响不大,但滞回曲线更加捏缩;墙板腰部削弱并未影响拉力带倾斜角;当参数跨高比,板厚分别增大时,初始弹性刚度、屈曲后刚度、承载力、等效粘滞阻尼比均有不同程度增大; X形钢板剪力墙能够为自复位结构提供稳定耗能; X形钢板剪力墙破坏模式主要为拉力带受拉破坏。     

矩形钢管混凝土键连接剪力墙框架柱的力学性能研究

目的研究矩形钢管混凝土键连接装配式混凝土结构框架柱和剪力墙的力学性能,分析不同参数对其影响,为该类结构连接提供设计依据.方法设计了19个采用矩形钢管混凝土键连接的墙柱试件,利用有限元方法模拟各试件在单调荷载加载下的受力过程,分析不同参数对荷载-位移曲线的影响.结果矩形钢管混凝土键连接墙柱的构件与现浇构件相比,延性很高,最大承载力较高,屈服荷载偏低;键的截面高度增加,构件承载力增加,初始刚度增加,延性系数不变;截面宽度增加,承载力增加,初始刚度不变,延性系数减小;键的长度增加,承载力基本不变,初始刚度减小,延性系数增加;混凝土强度对构件的抗剪承载力和初始刚度影响很小;键的纵向间距对构件的荷载-位移曲线几乎没有影响.结论矩形钢管混凝土键的截面高度是影响承载力的主要因素、长度是影响延性的主要因素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that