环状芽胞杆菌（Bacillus circulans）基因表达效率调节DNA片段的研究

用大肠杆菌（Ｅｓｃｈｅｒｉｃｈｉａｃｏｌｉ）启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ１从环状芽胞杆菌（Ｅａｃｉｌｌｕａｅｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓｃ－２）基因组中分离的启动子片段ＢＣ６能使无启动子的卡那霉素抗性基因恢复活性，并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达（卡那霉素抗性高达１２００μｇ／ｍＬ）．当用限制酶ＸｂａⅠ去除其５′－端１．２ｋｂ片段（命名为Ｘｂ片段）后，３′－端片段仍能启动Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因表达，其抗性水平降至４００μｇ／ｍＬ但当１．２ｋｂ片段反向插回原有位置时，其抗性水平降至６００μｇ／ｍＬ．将Ｘｂ片段正向插入另一重组质粒ｐＢＣ３中融合的Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因启动子的上游时，卡那霉素抗性由２００μｇ／ｍＬ上升至１０００μｇ／ｍＬ．当Ｘｂ片段反向插入时，Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因的表达却明显受到抑制，降为１００μｇ／ｍＬ．这说明Ｘｂ片段具有正向增强而反向衰减Ｋａｎ￣ｒ基因表达的能力．用ＢＣ６片段的两个亚克隆片段与ｃ－２菌株总ＤＮＡ分别作Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交时，结果显示３′－端片段以单拷贝形式存在于基因组中，而Ｘｂ片段则以多拷贝形式散布其中．由此推断Ｘｂ片段并非一定伴随该基因启动子存在．     

环状芽胞杆菌（Bacillus circulans）基因表达效率调节DNA片…

用大肠杆菌启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ１从环状芽胞杆菌基因组中分离的启动子片段ＢＣ６能使无启动子的卡那霉素抗性基因恢复活性，并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达。当用限制酶ＸｂａＩ去除其５’－端１．２ｋｂ片段后，３’－端片段仍能启动Ｋａｎ’基因表达，其抗性水平降至４００μｇ／ｍＬ，但当１．２ｋｂ片段反向回原有位置时，其抗性水平降至６００μｇ／ｍＬ。将Ｘｂ片段正向插入另一重组质粒ｐＢＣ３中融合的Ｋａｎ’ａｄｌｄ     

卡介苗中具启动子活性片段克隆及分析

利用启动子探针型质粒ｐＫＫ２３２－８从卡介苗染色体ＤＡＮ的ＢａｍＨＩ酶切片段中克隆到４个具启动功能的ＤＮＡ片段,测定各重组子对氯霉素（Ｃｍ）的抗性,其中含３．３Ｋｂ外源片段的重组质粒ｐＢＣＧ２大肠杆菌转化子在ＬＭ培养基上对Ｃｍ抗性可达１７０×１０－６ｇ／ｍＬ,作了该片段的限制性酶切图谱．对ｐＢＣＧ２利用ＳａｌⅠ位点,亚克隆出４种部分重叠的具启动功能的ＤＮＡ片段,这４种重组质粒分别命名为ｐＢＣＧ２－１,ｐＢＣＧ２－２,ｐＢＣＧ２－６和ｐＢＣＧ２－８,并分析了其中插入片段的大小及其转化子对Ｃｍ的抗性．将ｐＢＣＧ２－２的ＳａｌⅠ外源片段插入到分枝杆菌启动子探针型穿梭质粒ｐＥＱ３,获得一个可在卡介苗中表达ｌａｃＺ基因的重组子ｐＥＢ２２．斑点杂交实验证明,具有启动功能的ＤＮＡ片段来源于卡介苗的染色体ＤＮＡ．结果表明克隆到一个对大肠杆菌和卡介苗均具启动子活性的ＤＮＡ片段     

环状芽孢杆菌中具有强启动活性DNA片段的结构与功能分析

作者曾用启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ１从环状芽孢杆菌Ｃ－２菌株（ＢａｃｉｌｌｕｓｃｉｒｃｕｌａｎｓＣ－２）中克隆到一个具有强启动功能的２．４ｋｂ片段ＢＣ６．对该片段作作的进一步缺夫分析表明,其３’端约０．７ｋｂ片段具有单独的基因启动子功能,序列分析表明ＢＣ６片段３′端有典型的原核生物的基因启动子结构,现有ＢＣ６的５’端的１．２ｋｂＸｈｉＩ片段的重组于ｐＢＲ３２２的ＥｃｏＲＩ位点,观察其对两侧具有不同     

林可链霉菌噬菌体φSL60启动子的克隆与鉴定

以启动子探针质粒ｐＩＪ４８６为载体,变铅青链霉菌（Ｓ．ｌｉｖｉｄａｎｓ）ＴＫ２３作受体,克隆了林可链霉菌噬菌体ＳＬ６０ＤＮＡ上的启动子活性片段。以ｐＵＣ１８为载体构建ＳＬ６０ＤＮＡ之ＫｐｎＩ片段的基因文库,从中筛选出两个片段,分别克隆于ｐＩＪ４８６中获得ｐＵＩＳ２９和ｐＵＩＳ１９８,在ＭＭ培养基上,两者的转化子对卡那霉素的抗性均仅为１０ｍｇ／Ｌ。噬菌体ＳＬ６０ＤＮＡ的ＢｇｌＩ片段直接克隆入ｐＩＪ４８６的ＢａｍＨＩ位点,获得重组质粒ｐＭＭＳ１,其转化子的卡那霉素抗性在ＭＭ培养基上可达２５０ｍｇ／Ｌ。分析表明ｐＭＭＳ１上的插入片段约为９２０ｂｐ,含有一个ＳｓｔＩ位点,四个ＭｂｏＩ位点。该片段用ＭｂｏＩ部分酶解缩小到６００ｂｐ,亚克隆入ｐＩＪ４８６中得到重组质粒ｐＭＳＢ１４,其转化子对卡那酶素的抗性水平提高到３００ｍｇ／Ｌ。ＳＤＳ－聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳显示,ｐＭＳＢ１４中的ｎｅｏ基因可以表达出氨基糖苷磷酸转移酶（ＡＰＨＩ蛋白）。这些结果表明ｐＭＳＢ１４中的插入片段可能具有较强的启动子活性。     

酿酒酵母（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）同源DNA片段的克隆

利用作者克隆的酿酒酵母基因启动子片段Ｙ８为探针和菌落原位杂交方法，从构建的Ｓ．ｃｅｒｅｖｉｓｉａｅ ＹＮＮ２７基因组文库中共筛选８个阳性克隆。根据这些克隆中插入片段大小和限制酶切结果，可将其划分为６种，分别命名为ＹＮ１－ＹＮ６．Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果表明，这６种ＤＮＡ片段不仅能与６．５ｋｂ的全长Ｙ８探针我，而且均能与ＰｓｔＩ酶切Ｙ８所得的３段ＤＮＡ探针杂交。     

甘薯（Ipomoea batatas L.Lam.）基因启动子在根癌农杆菌中 …

作者曾用自行构建的启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ４,从甘薯总ＤＮＡ中克隆到了６５个在大肠杆菌中具有启动基因表达功能的ＤＮＡ片段,现研究发现,甘薯基因启动子片段在根癌农杆菌中也具有启动基因转录的功能,其启动功能的大小与启动子片段在大肠杆菌中启动卡那霉素抗性基因表达活性呈正相关,即原来卡那霉素抗性越高的,ＧＵＳ基因的酶活性越高。利用重组子ｐＩＢ２中插入片段所做的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交实验证实,该ＤＮＡ片段来     

在大肠杆菌中直接克隆白腐丝状真菌-黄孢平革菌(Phanerochaete chrysosporium)基因启动子

利用启动子探钍型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ４ 直接在大肠杆菌细胞中克隆到多个来自白腐丝状真菌－黄孢平革菌（Ｐｈａｎｅｒｏｃｈａｅｔｅ ｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ ）的基因启动子片段．这些基因启动子片段能在大肠杆菌细胞中启动重组卡那霉素抗性基因（ｒｋａｎｒ）的表达,不同片段赋予宿主细胞以不同的卡那霉素抗性水平,最高的可达１０００μｇ／ｍ Ｌ,最低的则为５０μｇ／ｍ Ｌ．琼脂糖凝胶电泳显示这些重组质粒ＤＮＡ 中均有不同大小的插入片段,其范围是０．５～６．０ｋｂ．选取一个插入３．９ｋｂ 的重组质粒ｐＰＣ３３ 所作的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ 杂交结果表明,插入片段以单拷贝形式存在于Ｐ．ｃｈｒｙｓｏｓｐｏｒｉｕｍ 的基因组中．当此片段５′－端被除去１．８ｋｂ 后,余下的２．１ｋｂ 片段可使融合的Ｋａｎｒ 基因的表达效率提高６０％ ．     

枯草杆菌强基因启动子DNA片段的序列分析

对利用基因启动子探针型载体ｐＳＵＰＶ２,从枯草杆菌ＡＳ１．３９８中克隆３个稳定的具有强启动功能的ＤＮＡ片段,进行限制酶切分析发现,ｐＢＳＵ２２和ｐＢＳＵ４３中的插入片段小于０．２ｋｂ,ｐＢＳＵ４４中的插入片段为３ｋｂ。测定结果表明,３个插入片段中都有较为典型的原核生物基因启动子序列,其中ｐＢＳＵ２２和ｐＢＳＵ４３的插入序列几乎完全相同。２     

嗜麦芽假单胞菌质粒pSH1的限制图谱及km^r标记的克隆

对嗜麦芽假单胞菌Ｐ２菌株的质粒ｐＳＨ１进行了限制酶切分析，确定了Ｂｇ１ Ⅱ，ＥｃｏＲ Ⅰ，Ｐｓｔ Ⅰ，Ｘｂａ Ⅰ，ＢａｍＨ Ⅰ，Ｂｇｌ Ⅰ，及Ｐｖｕ Ⅱ共７种限制性内切酶在ｐＳＨ１，质粒上的切割位点，前４种酶均为单一切点，后３种依次为２，７，５个切点。通过双酶切和部分酶切的方法绘制了ｐＳＨ１质粒的限制酶切图谱。将ｐＧＰ１－２质粒上的卡那霉素抗性基因片段插入ｐＳＨ１，获得了重组质粒ｐＳＨ２．ｐＳＨ２     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with