装配线多技能作业人员优化配置模型

人员配置是影响装配生产效率的重要因素。针对装配人员岗位能力描述问题,提出了岗位适应度的概念,以技能等级和给定时间段内人员执行装配作业的累计时间为参数对岗位适应度进行描述,建立了以人员岗位适应度最大和装配线各工位之间作业人员岗位适应度差异最小为目标的装配线人员优化配置模型,设计了一种基于岗位适应度矩阵的启发式求解算法,通过举例分析验证了方法的可行性。     

基于胜任指数的制造车间操作工优化配置模型

文章以制造车间一线操作工为研究主体,挖掘操作工在工位完成工序的历史数据,依据夹角余弦赋权法确定质量和时间2个指标的动态权重,应用优属度模糊矩阵,计算能够体现操作工胜任力动态变化趋势的胜任指数；然后根据胜任指数,计算工位在该工件批次的任务数,构建操作工优化配置模型；应用混合PSO算法求解模型,列出了具体求解过程,通过实例...     

基于多种群遗传算法的装配线平衡问题研究

产品在制造过程中,装配作业成本大约占制造成本的30%,装配线平衡问题是影响装配作业效率的关键因素。在装配线平衡研究中,提出在固定作业工位下求解装配线平衡的问题,建立了以生产节拍和工位负荷均衡为目标的装配线平衡优化模型,采用多种群遗传算法对固定工位下装配线的生产节拍、工序分配、工位负荷均衡、装配线平衡率进行求解,并基于MATLAB环境实现了多种群遗传算法的编码和求解。最后通过实例求解,验证了模型和算法的可行性。结果分析表明:装配线平衡问题得到了较明显的改善。     

基于有向网络理论的U型装配线平衡问题研究

针对制造企业的复杂装配线工作站优化设计和生产柔性化要求,提出基于有向网络理论的解决办法.首先结合装配线平衡问题简单算例,说明装配流水线作业流程图满足有向图特征,并用矩阵表示,将复杂网络图信息转换为可计算的数据信息,实现了流水装配线平衡的计算机计算与程序设计.其次以29个节点装配流程为例,在满足作业元素的时间、流水节拍以及作业元素优先关系的约束条件下,以装配线时间损失率最小为优化目标,建立装配线平衡问题的数学模型.最后利用有向图网络理论计算装配线平衡问题和U型装配线设计,平衡率达到93.81%,验证了有向网络图理论求解生产线平衡问题的合理性和有效性,并实现了计算机程序计算.本研究为制造企业大型流水线设备自动化设计提供了一种新方法.     

基于内梅罗指数法构建的评价因子筛选和优化方法

为获取专项评价中的关键性评价因子和提高单因子评价标准的区域适用性,提出了一种基于内梅罗指数法构建的筛选和优化方法。以建立的单因子指数法和内梅罗指数法评价结果表为基础,通过确定质量类别和计算非零结果数,获得评价因子排序;再以排序为参照,通过优化单因子的评价标准,提高两种方法评价结果的一致性。以东营广饶县海水入侵评价为例,对该方法进行实例应用研究,结果表明,钠吸附比是广饶县海水入侵评价的关键性评价因子。评价标准经过优化后,单因子指数法与内梅罗指数法评价结果的一致性比例均有不同程度的提高,其中,氯化物优化效果最为显著,与之前相比提高了21.7%。该方法可为某些特定目标的修复和改善以及跟踪性或周期性评价提供针对性更强的技术支持。     

改进鲸鱼优化算法及其在混流U型装配线平衡问题的应用

为提高鲸鱼优化算法的寻优效果和求解稳定性,通过改进算法的种群初始化、局部搜索、越界处理方法和收敛因子,提出一种改进的鲸鱼优化算法 。 采用基于切割法的均匀设计种群初始化方法,改善算法初始种群的均匀性;通过引入基于NEWUOA算法的局部搜索算子,提高算法的局部搜索能力;在算法的越界处理方面,提出一种基于环形区间和随机波动的方式,降低算法陷入局部最优的可能;引入了非线性收敛因子和自适用权重,均衡算法的局部和全局搜索,并进一步增强搜索的精细度。通过7个单模态、多模态以及固定维度的基准测试函数进行了数值仿真实验,验证了改进的鲸鱼优化算法相较于遗传算法、鲸鱼优化算法以及其他改进的鲸鱼优化算法,在寻优效果和求解稳定性方面具有优越性。 针对混流U型装配线平衡问题,考虑最小化装配线的节拍时间,将改进的鲸鱼优化算法用于问题求解;在解码阶段,设计一种基于阈值的解码方法,优化工序的分配过程;最后计算了21个混流装配线算例,结果表明,改进的鲸鱼优化算法在20个算例中求得了更优解,相较于其它算法,节拍时间平均降低3.02%。     

混流汽车装配线缓存区配置优化

混流汽车装配线工艺复杂,关键位置缓存区数量难以确定,造成装配线无法正常、高效运行。文章以评价混流汽车装配线重要因素的装配线平滑指数和产能最大化为优化目标,建立以混流汽车装配线工艺信息、空间布局、物流路径为约束条件,关键位置缓存区数量为变量的仿真模型;针对该问题的复杂性,提出了一种基于遗传算法的仿真优化算法,并在Delmia/QUEST仿真环境中进行仿真优化,从而确定关键位置缓存区最优数量,实现装配线动态平衡和产能最大化。     

生产线员工岗位胜任能力评价指标及方法研究

为了更好地分析生产线上的岗位匹配问题,构建了生产线员工岗位胜任能力评价指标与方法．首先,建立生产线岗位胜任能力评价指标体系,以求解评价函数的最优解作为评价目标,构建基于理想点方法的生产线岗位胜任能力评价方法．其次,对该方法中的计算步骤、评价流程和评价指标初始化规则进行分析．最后,通过实例验证生产线员工岗位胜任能力评价指标与方法的有效性和可行性．     

随机型装配线平衡与缓冲区配置集成优化

线平衡问题和缓冲区配置问题在装配线设计中常被分开独立研究,二者之间存在复杂的交互影响关系.随机型装配线由于操作时间波动加剧了二者之间的相互作用与影响,先平衡再缓冲区配置的串行优化模式难以得到全局最优结果,因此需要在线平衡的同时协同解决缓冲区配置问题.针对随机型装配线规划问题,在基于操作时间状态熵的工位复杂度定义基础上,以生产率最大,整线工位复杂度均衡指数、标准操作时间均衡指数和缓冲区总量最小为优化目标,构建线平衡和缓冲区配置集成优化模型.采用参数化建模仿真获取整线生产率,通过改进的遗传算法获取集成优化方案.最后对变速箱装配线实例进行计算验证,证明了该方法的有效性.     

应用柔性工位边界的装配线

为解决传统刚性工位边界装配线在作业时间具有较大不确定性时出现大量未完成作业的问题,提出一种在工位之间引入重叠工作区域(即边界重叠区)、采用柔性工位边界替代传统刚性工位边界的一个柔性装配线系统的生产组织方式。建立了基于离散Markov过程的柔性装配线数学模型,提出了一种基于二分法的关于最小节拍时间的求解算法,从理论上证明了在特定未完成率下关于最小节拍时间的求解函数为单调递减函数,并给出了最小节拍时间的求解范围。一个简单的六工位装配线的算例计算结果表明:当边界重叠区长度占各工位长度16%和30%时,最小节拍时间与传统刚性工位边界装配线相比,降低至88.45%和83.45%,验证了柔性工位边界装配线能够有效地降低未完成作业的数量、提高装配工人平均利用率、提高装配效率。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that