四川省条鳅亚科鱼类的研究 1 副鳅、条鳅和山鳅属鱼类的整理(鲤形目:鳅科)

本文为四川省条鳅亚科鱼类分类研究的第一部分,对分布于四川省的副鳅属(Paracobitis)、条鳅属(Nemacheilus)和山鳅属(Oreias)鱼类进行了比较系统的整理,这3个属分布在四川共有5种和亚种,其中乌江副鳅(Poracobitis Wujian gensis sp. rov.)为新种.     

贵州南部及西南部典型洞穴鱼类物种多样性研究

对贵州南部及西南部地区11个县(市)的地下河进行野外调查工作,共采集到典型洞穴鱼类标本488尾。通过形态学和分子系统发育学方法对采集标本进行物种鉴定及分析,结合实验室馆藏标本的检视,共确定典型洞穴鱼类34种,其中:金线鲃属(Sinocyclocheilus)有20种;高原鳅属(Triplophysa)有8种;岭鳅属(Oreonectes)有5种;副鳅属(Paracobitis)有1种。发现待定种13种,其中:金线鲃属7种,高原鳅属5种,岭鳅属1种。利用辛普森多样性指数对贵州省南部和西南部物种多样性分析结果表明,贵州南部地区为0. 825 8,高于西南部地区的0. 570 8。根据线粒体基因测序结果及Gen Bank下载的线粒体基因序列,基于线粒体基因ND4、ND5和Cytb,使用最大似然法(ML)和贝叶斯法(BI)构建系统发育树对发现物种进行分析,结果显示:长须盲高原鳅(Triplophysa longibarbatus)和佳荣盲高原鳅(Triplophysa jiarongensis)应为岭鳅属物种,建议变更为长须岭鳅(Oreonectes longibarbatus)和佳荣岭鳅(Oreonectes jiarongensis);长江流域及珠江流域的洞穴型高原鳅单独聚为1支,与非洞穴型高原鳅具有不同的演化方向,贵州采集的高原鳅属鱼类均为洞穴类群;贵州的金线鲃分属于3个不同种组,分别为"驼背"组、"角"组和"抚仙"组。     

广西平鳍鳅科鱼类及其地理分布研究

迄今为止，广西平鳍鳅科鱼类有16种和亚种，隶属2亚科8属，与相邻的地区相比，分布于广西的平鳍鳅科鱼类较为原始，因此，广西可能是平鳍鳅科鱼类的起源中心。平鳍鳅科鱼类起源后，演化出2个分支，一直保留在原地或向东低海拔地区发展，另一支向西、北高海拔地区发展，导致腹吸鳅亚科和平鳍鳅亚科2大类群的产生。     

洞穴高原鳅属一新种记述

描记在云南省泸西县阿庐古洞地河中采到的高原鳅属一新种,以采集地命名为阿庐高原鳅,新种与云南高原鳅相近但有下列特征可明显区别：①新种前段略平扁,体长为体高的１０．６倍;②尾较细,体长为尾柄高约１４．８倍;③眼小,趋近于盲眼,头长为眼径的１８０．０倍;④鼻瓣发育成鼻须状;⑤尾叉形;⑥体表裸露无鳞无斑。     

河南省高原鳅属新纪录种—达里湖高原鳅

2015年10月至2019年10月,河南省鱼类资源调查队在对全省鱼类资源调查过程中,于河南省林州市采集到多种高原鳅属鱼类,经初步鉴定,其中一种为达里湖高原鳅.为进一步确认,2019年5月在模式产地赤峰市达里诺尔湖采集到一批达里湖高原鳅,通过形态学与分子系统学相结合的方法进行比较鉴定,确认待测物种为河南省鱼类新纪录种—达里湖高原鳅(Triplophysa dalaica).目前,标本存放于河南师范大学水产学院鱼类标本室.对达里湖高原鳅的主要鉴定特征、分布区域、资源现状、生存环境等做了初步分析.     

贝氏高原鳅与玫瑰高原鳅脑大体解剖结构的比较

运用解剖学技术对高原鳅属的贝氏高原鳅Triplophysa bleekeri和玫瑰高原鳅Triplophysa rosa的脑大体解剖结构进行比较研究,其中贝氏高原鳅生活于开阔河流及山溪石滩浅水处,而玫瑰高原鳅生活于地下暗河或溶洞中.研究发现贝氏高原鳅整个脑及脑各结构的相对大小均较玫瑰高原鳅大,其中整个脑的质量、嗅球、下叶间存在显著差异,中脑、视盖、延脑背部、面叶间有极显著差异,大脑、小脑体间差异不显著;两物种的脑结构无性别二态性;玫瑰高原鳅视盖极其退化,小脑瓣完全裸露在外,而贝氏高原鳅的小脑瓣只有小部分露在外面,绝大部分被视盖包被.     

广西岭鳅属鱼类一新种

2010年6月29日,在广西壮族自治区环江县长美乡关安村附近地下溶洞出水口采集到一批条鳅亚科鱼类标本.经鉴定,为岭鳅属Oreonectes一未经发表的新种.新种以下组合特征可与岭鳅属的其他已知种类区别:背鳍分枝鳍条为7,臀鳍分枝鳍条为5,胸鳍分枝鳍条为l0～11,腹鳍分枝鳍条为7～8,尾鳍分枝鳍条为13～17.头平扁;...     

河南省鳅科新纪录种—稀有鳅

自2016年,河南省鱼类资源调查队对全省鱼类资源进行了调查.在此期间,于多地采集到鳅科鱼类,以南阳市居多.通过形态学与分子系统学相结合的方法对该科鱼类进行鉴定,发现所采鳅科样品中存在河南省未曾纪录种类—稀有鳅(Cobitis rara).标本存放于河南师范大学水产学院鱼类标本室.本文对稀有鳅的主要鉴定特征、分布区域、资源现状、生存环境等方面做了初步分析.     

短体副鳅泌尿系统的组织学研究

采用常规组织学方法对短体副鳅泌尿系统进行了研究,结果表明:短体副鳅泌尿系统由中肾、输尿管、膀胱构成,未观察到头肾.中肾包括肾小体、肾小管和填充于其间的拟淋巴组织,无皮质和髓质之分.肾小管由第一近端小管、第二近端小管和远端小管组成,无颈段.输尿管前后段组织结构有明显差异.膀胱为不发达的输尿管膀胱.斯坦尼斯小体多枚.     

不同规格生态型拟鳗副鳅营养成分比较

对3种规格生态型拟鳗副鳅肌肉及皮部的营养成分进行测定:1)形体指标随规格的增大,均呈现先增大后下降趋势,中等规格的鳗鳅肌肉和皮占体质量的比例分别为57.92%和13.92%,显著高于其他2组(p0.05).2)身体常规营养成分均衡,均体现出皮的胶原蛋白显著高于肌肉中胶原蛋白,且中等规格鳗鳅的胶原蛋白值达68.22%,显著高于其他2组(p0.05).3)所设计的处理中,其氨基酸总量,经统计分析无明显差异,谷氨酸和甘氨酸含量最高分别出现在肌肉和皮中,肌肉中氨基酸总量低于皮中,此外肌肉和皮中必需氨基酸总量分别是高于和低于FAO/WHO标准.4)设计的处理中,检测出脂肪酸数量相同,肌肉的多不饱和脂肪酸含量,其数值略高于皮部.其中的不饱和脂肪酸以油酸和亚油酸含量最多.5) 3种规格的拟鳗副鳅矿质元素中,肌肉和皮中含量最高的分别是K,Ca元素.皮中矿质元素含量高于肌肉中.重金属含量均低于国家标准.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has