NaInS2光催化剂的合成和光解水产氢性能研究

针对NaInS2与NaInO2在化学性能上的共价性,采用前驱体固相硫化法合成NaInS2光催化剂,利用X射线衍射图谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱、扫描电镜等技术对催化剂进行表征.通过考察硫化温度、硫化时间、载铂量对光催化剂产氢性能的影响发现,NaInS2光催化剂在可见光范围内具有产氢活性,硫化温度为350℃、硫化时间为1h、载铂的质量分数为0.5%的催化剂具有最好的产氢性能,产氢速率为107.6μmol/(h·g),在420nm处的表观量子效率为6.72%,在可见光区的能量转化效率为1.73%.     

微波制备Co~(2+)掺杂BiOBr催化剂及其光催化性能

采用微波法制备了BiOBr及Co~(2+)掺杂的BiOBr光催化剂,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光光谱(PL)以及紫外–可见吸收光谱(UV-vis)对制备的催化剂材料进行表征,并以罗丹明B为目标污染物对催化剂的光催化性能进行研究.结果表明Co~(2+)掺杂能够有效地提高BiOBr的光催化活性,这主要是因为Co~(2+)的掺杂有效地提高了BiOBr光催化剂中光生电子–空穴的分离效率.     

钒取代杂多酸/TiO_2复载催化剂的制备与表征

采用常温法合成了钒取代的杂多酸H4PVW11O40,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化钛负载的钒取代杂多酸光催化剂H4PVW11O40/TiO2。红外光谱及X射线衍射粉末手段显示合成的杂多酸及催化剂具有Keggin结构。紫外漫反射的表征结果显示催化剂扩大了光吸收的范围,提高了光催化效率。实验结果表明,该复载催化剂在可见光下有较好的光催化活性,H4PVW11O40/TiO2在120 min内对罗丹明B的光催化降解转化率达到95.36%。     

Fe-TiO_2光催化异戊烯基聚醚和丙烯酸共聚物的合成及其性能研究

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了铁掺杂TiO2光催化剂,采用氮气吸附-脱附、XPS、扫描电镜以及X射线衍射研究了光催化剂的织构性质和晶相结构,探讨了异戊烯基聚醚和丙烯酸共聚物的光催化合成工艺条件,并评价了其实用性能。考察了催化剂用量和反应物单体比例对共聚物分散性的影响。通过混凝土试验,确定了较适宜的合成工艺条件:二氧化钛用量的质量分数为3.5%,n(聚醚单体)∶n(丙烯酸)=1∶4.5。     

微波法制备膨润土负载N/Fe共掺杂TiO2光催化剂

以膨润土为载体、N2H4.H2O为氮源,用微波法合成了膨润土负载N/Fe共掺杂TiO2光催化剂.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征物相特征.讨论了影响亚甲基蓝降解的主要因素.结果表明:当微波功率为600 W、微波反应时间为15 min时,所得光降解催化剂30 min对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达99.6%.     

铁掺杂纳米TiO2的可见光催化性能

为了提高纳米TiO2催化剂的光催化氧化性能,采用溶胶-凝胶法,以酞酸丁酯为原料制备铁掺杂纳米TiO2光催化剂(Fe-TiO2).分别采用X射线衍射和紫外-可见光漫反射对其晶相和光催化活性进行表征.以偶氮结构的弱酸性染料溶液为目标降解物,研究在可见光照射下Fe-TiO2的光催化性能.结果表明,Fe-TiO2光催化剂的晶相为单一锐钛矿相,粒径为17.7nm;吸收边带红移至500nm,禁带宽度减小到2.48eV.在可见光下光催化反应180min,Fe-TiO2光催化剂对弱酸性染料的降解率达99.86%.     

合成反应时间对ZnIn2S4光催化制氢性能的影响

在无模板、无催化剂、无表面活性剂的条件下,用溶剂热法合成了ZnIn2S4光催化剂.通过X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、能谱、X射线光电子能谱、紫外-可见漫反射光谱分析等技术对样品进行了表征,研究了合成反应时间对ZnIn2S4催化剂晶体结构、形貌、光学性质及催化性能的影响.结果表明:ZnIn2S4微球由大量的纳米薄片组成,呈现出花瓣状结构;缩短合成反应时间导致ZnIn2S4晶粒变大,同时样品的稳定性增加,产氢速率增大;ZnIn2S4的催化性能随着合成反应时间的延长而下降;合成反应时间为1 h时制备的样品具有最佳的光催化制氢活性,产氢率达745.8μmol/(h.g).     

水热合成黄铁矿型FeS2及Rietveld结构精修

采用CS2作为硫源通过水热法一步合成了黄铁矿型二硫化铁粉晶,利用X射线衍射(XRD)对样品进行了表征,并使用Rieteveld粉末衍射峰形全谱拟合方法对二硫化铁粉晶的晶体结构进行了计算,并用多相全谱拟合相定量分析法对水热合成二硫化镍粉晶中的杂相质量百分比进行了计算.     

Cu,In-ZnSeS催化剂的制备及其光解水制氢性能的研究

采用化学共沉淀法制备了掺杂CuI、n的ZnSeS半导体光催化剂,并通过X射线粉末衍射、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和比表面积与孔径分析、X射线荧光光谱、热质量损失(热失重)分析对催化剂的结构进行了表征.在自制的反应装置上评价了催化剂的光分解水产氢性能.结果表明:在Cu,In-ZnSeS中掺杂CuI、n的摩尔分数为2%时其光吸收性能最好,最大吸收边红移至700 nm;紫外光照射下该催化剂光分解水产氢的量子效率达到4.83%;催化剂具有良好的热稳定性和光学稳定性,反应100 h其产氢性能没有衰减.     

制备方法对Cd0.1 Cu0.01 Zn0.89 S光催化剂产氢性能的影响

通过共沉淀法、水热法以及高温硫化法分别合成了Cd0.1Cu0.01Zn0.89S新型光催化剂,并通过XRD、SEM和UV-vis吸收光谱等技术对催化剂进行了表征.从UV-vis吸收光谱可以发现,Cu2 的加入都引起了催化刺吸收边不同程度的红移.在产氢测试中发现,高温合成的催化剂产氢能力反而下降.在3种催化剂中,共沉淀法合成的催化剂具有最高的产氢活性,无负载时在可见光照射下产氢速率为350 μmol/h,而水热法和高温硫化法合成的催化剂的产氢速率分别只有120 μmol/h和13 μmol/h.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.