《天步真原》的神秘序文

《天步真原》是波兰籍耶稣会士穆尼阁与中国天文学家薛凤祚合作编译的一部著作，系统介绍了西方数学天文学和星占学知识。其中的天文学系统实际上是以哥白尼日心地动模型构建起来的．概速的前面有一篇匿名的序言．从该匿名名称的特点以及序文的内容来分析，这位匿名作者当是著名的思想家方以智，序文的内容对于我们理解方以智对西方天文学的态度很有帮助．     

《观象丛报》与西方天文学知识的传播与普及

创刊于1915年的《观象丛报》是我国最早的天文学和气象学专业期刊,旨在传播和普及天文学和气象学知识.运用文献考证和分析方法,对《观象丛报》发表的与西方天文学有关的论文内容进行研究,指出其内容涉及天文学史、日月交食、行星运动、彗星、陨石以及天文教育等方面,这些论文对传播和普及西方天文学知识、促进我国近代天文学发展产生了积极的影响.     

《天问略》中的天文知识在明清之际的传播及影响

《天问略》是一本介绍西方天文学知识的早期译作。文章对《天问略》中涉及的宇宙论体系进行了梳理和溯源,从中西方天文学内容相结合,用形象化比喻修辞帮助中文理解以及写作手法和文体等方面探讨此书何以有利于西方天文学知识的传播。同时,文章深刻剖析了《天问略》在以黄道度分定节气、“一时二动”思想以及明代15个区域的昼夜时刻图等天文学问题在明清时期的具体影响。阳玛诺撰写的《天问略》不仅传播了西方天文学,而且对中外天文知识和西方不同时期宇宙论进行了杂糅,其对明清时期天文学产生的影响与价值或许大于其内容本身。     

《日躔历指》中第谷太阳测算理论及其编撰特点

《日躔历指》是明末清初关于西方太阳理论的译介.文章基于文献考据、比较论证和史料分析的方法,不仅详细探讨了《日躔历指》中的第谷太阳测算理论,而且缕析了其中引进第谷天文学的内容和意义.全面分析和论述了《日躔历指》的编撰特点,有助于认识和把握明末清初西方天文学的传播和会通.     

齐彦槐及其制作的天文仪器

介绍了清代天文学家齐彦槐的生平及其制作的面东西日晷、中星仪和天球仪等天文仪器 ,进一步探讨了这些天文仪器的制作原理和使用方法 .齐彦槐的几件天文仪器基本上都吸收了西方天文学的内容 ,而且也继承了中国古代的天文学 ,是汇通中西的再创造 .     

继承与创新:西方天文学发展的轨迹

地心说和日心说的关系是天文学发展史中的古老而又重要的论题.该文简要地考察了西方古代天文学的发展过程,认为在天文学发展史中,日心说和地心说并非完全互斥,不论是在日心说与地心说之间,还是在各自体系之内,总是在继承中发展,在发展中创新,毕达哥拉斯学派的和谐理论和柏拉图问题贯穿于西方古代天文学发展历史的全过程.     

《崇祯历书》中的开普勒物理天文学思想

开普勒的新天文学是西方天文学从传统的数学天文学转变为物理天文学的标志。明末崇祯改历过程中介绍了许多西方天文学的知识,其中也包含了开普勒的物理天文学思想。《崇祯历书》中介绍的开普勒的物理天文学思想包括了开普勒的物理机械论,即通过一种普遍的自然力来解释以太阳为中心的整个行星体系的运动,太阳是宇宙的几何中心、运动中心和动力中心。本文通过分析开普勒的物理天文学思想在西方的接受情况、传教士向中国传播的情况以及中国改历的需要,说明开普勒的物理天文学对崇祯历书的影响,以及没有引进开普勒行星运动三定律的原因。     

"西法"传朝考(上)

系统讨论了17～18世纪欧洲天文学经过中国传入朝鲜李朝的情况,首先对这一传播过程的总体情况进行了分析,然后分别对欧洲宇宙学、星图与星表、天文仪器以及数学天文学知识在历朝的流传和影响问题进行了讨论.结果认为,这一时期从中国传到朝鲜的西方天文学知识使李朝天文学发生了深刻的变化,但是却没能使之真正走上近代化的道路.     

"西法"传朝考(下)

系统讨论了17～18世纪欧洲天文学经过中国传入朝鲜李朝的情况,首先对这一传播过程的总体情况进行了分析,然后分别对欧洲宇宙学、星图与星表、天文仪器以及数学天文学知识在历朝的流传和影响问题进行了讨论.结果认为,这一时期从中国传到朝鲜的西方天文学知识使李朝天文学发生了深刻的变化,但是却没能使之真正走上近代化的道路.     

《谈天》对清末科学教育的影响

厘清李善兰翻译出版西方天文学著作的主要历程,分析其翻译天文学著作的时代背景和学术背景。通过史料分析,得出李善兰是把近代西方天文学全面地引入我国的第一人,是近代西方天文学传播和研究的奠基人。通过翻译西方天文学著作为中国传统天文学带来了更加理论化和系统化的天文知识,为落后的天文学教育和研究培养了一大批人才,为中国传统天文学的西化作了铺垫。《谈天》的翻译出版为清末科学教育做出了重要的贡献,并且影响着后来的科学教育。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that