DNA计算技术进展

论述DNA计算技术进展。先介绍DNA计算的基本原理,论述DNA计算的特点方法和存在的问题,接着介绍DNA计算的国内外研究现状,最后指出DNA计算研究中需要解决的问题。     

DNA计算及DNA计算机的研究进展

概述了DNA计算的基本原理、DNA计算的应用和DNA计算机的研究进展及存在问题，基于DNA生化反应的计算机称为DNA计算机，由于其采用一种完全不同于传统计算机的运算逻辑与存贮方式，DNA计算机在解决某些复杂问题时具有传统计算机无法比拟的优势，目前国际上关于DNA计算和DNA分子生物计算机的研究方兴未艾，极大地推进了DNA计算机的研究过程。     

质粒DNA计算模型的计算体系

首先从具体实例入手抽象和归纳出质粒DNA计算模型的概念,并对质粒DNA计算模型计算体系的2个基本要素———计算物质和计算手段进行研究,由此形成了质粒DNA计算模型完备的计算体系;然后针对质粒DNA计算模型计算体系的应用,分析和解决了经常出现的关键问题.讨论了初始质粒DNA重新合成的重要性,并给出了重新合成的方法;接着对计算体系的2个基本实验(酶切和酶连实验)的成功率问题进行了分析,并提出了解决的方案;最后对检测实验进行了分析,提出了检测多种DNA序列的检测方法.对这些问题的分析和解决有利于质粒DNA计算模型理论的完善和应用的拓广.     

Autonomous forward inference via DNA computing

Recent studies direct the researchers into building DNA computing machines with intelligence, which is measured by three main points: autonomous, programmable and able to learn and adapt. Logical inference plays an important role in programmable information processing or computing. Here we present a new method to perform autonomous molecular forward inference for expert system. A novel repetitive recognition site (RRS) technique is invented to design rule-molecules in knowledge base. The inference engine runs autonomously by digesting the rule-molecule, using a Class IIB restriction enzyme PpiI. Concentration model has been built to show the feasibility of the inference process under ideal chemical reaction conditions. Moreover, we extend to implement a triggering communication between molecular automata, as a further application of the RRS technique in our model.     

Autonomous forward inference via DNA computing

Recent studies direct the researchers into building DNA computing machines with intelligence, which is measured by three main points: autonomous, programmable and able to learn and adapt. Logical inference plays an important role in programmable information processing or computing. Here we present a new method to perform autonomous molecular forward inference for expert system. A novel repetitive recognition site (RRS) technique is invented to design rule-molecules in knowledge base. The inference engine runs autonomously by digesting the rule-molecule, using a Class IIB restriction enzyme PpiI. Concentration model has been built to show the feasibility of the inference process under ideal chemical reaction conditions. Moreover, we extend to implement a triggering communication between molecular automata, as a further application of the RRS technique in our model.     

Molecular logic computing model based on self-assembly of DNA nanoparticles

In this paper, a logic computing model was constructed using a DNA nanoparticle, combined with color change technology of DNA/Au nanoparticle conjugates, and DNA computing. Several important technologies are utilized in this molecular computing model: DNA self-assembly, DNA/Au nanoparticle conjugation, and the color change resulting from Au nanoparticle aggregation. The simple logic computing model was realized by a color change, resulting from changing of DNA self-assembly. Based on this computing model, a set of operations computing model was also established, by which a simple logic problem was solved. To enlarge the applications of this logic nanocomputing system, a molecular detection method was developed for H1N1 virus gene detection.     

DNA计算在电路设计中的应用

讨论了DNA计算的机理,给出了DNA计算的基本生化实验.对电路布线问题,提出了DNA算法,即首先对导线的顺序进行DNA编码,其次通过杂交反应产生所有可行解,最后通过电泳实验得到最优解.对所得结果进行检测时采用了DNA芯片和分子信标技术,对探针进行生物素标记解读出最优解.该算法的核心运算是杂交反应,算法总的操作次数为n 3,其中n为电路布线问题的规模.最后,通过6对接线柱的例子说明了DNA算法的有效性和正确性.     

图的k着色问题的DNA计算模型

DNA计算是一种新的并行计算模式,在解决NP完全问题等方面具有很大的优越性．利用DNA计算的计算特性给出了一个图的k着色问题的DNA计算模型,该算法最多需要3kn（n-1）/2＋6个生物操作即可求出图的色数及相应的着色模式．     

A membrane evolutionary algorithm for DNA sequence design in DNA computing

DNA sequence design has a crucial role in successful DNA computation,which has been proved to be an NP-hard(non-deterministic polynomial-time hard) problem.In this paper,a membrane evolutionary algorithm is proposed for the DNA sequence design problem.The results of computer experiments are reported,in which the new algorithm is validated and out-performs certain known evolutionary algorithms for the DNA sequence design problem.     

Molecular logic computing model based on DNA self-assembly strand branch migration

In this study,the DNA logic computing model is established based on the methods of DNA self-assembly and strand branch migration.By adding the signal strands,the preprogrammed signals are released with the disintegrating of initial assembly structures.Then,the computing results are able to be detected by gel electrophoresis.The whole process is controlled automatically and parallely,even triggered by the mixture of input signals.In addition,the conception of single polar and bipolar is introduced into system designing,which leads to synchronization and modularization.Recognizing the specific signal DNA strands,the computing model gives all correct results by gel experiment.     

Design and implementation of binary tree data structure based on DNA computing

The designing,encodings and an instance of simulation of a binary tree for DNA computer were proposed,which utilizes the method of biology to complete inserting and deleting of the binary tree. Firstly,DNA encodings for storage and all elements of the binary tree were completely given out. Then, the implementations of all bio-operations in DNA computer were described. Finally, to prove the feasibility of this method, an actual binary tree with detailed nucleotide encodings was introduced. The process of an ...     

DNA computing model based on lab-on-a-chip and its application on solving the timetabling problem

The essential characteristic of DNA computation is its massive parallelism in obtaining and managing information. With the develop- ment of molecular biology technique, the field of DNA computation has made a great progress. By using an advanced biochip technique, laboratory-on-a-chip, a new DNA computing model is presented in the paper to solve a simple timetabling problem, which is a special version of the optimization problems. It also plays an important role in education and other industries. With a simulated biological experiment, the result snggested that DNA comnutation with lab-on-a-chin has the notential to solve a real comtplex timetabling problem.     

基于自组装纳米颗粒探针的全错位排列问题的DNA计算模型

全错位排列问题是组合数学中的一类重要问题,可转化为范式的形式,利用自组装纳米颗粒探针对满足性问题进行求解。将纳米金颗粒和DNA序列进行结合,形成纳米金颗粒探针的识别区,并且成拱形结构。当识别区与其补链发生杂交反应时,拱形结构打开并发出荧光,从而给出了全错位排列问题的一种新的DNA计算模型。与传统的DNA计算模型不同,本文将纳米技术和DNA计算理论相结合。     

图的最小顶点覆盖问题的质粒DNA计算模型

给出了图的最小顶点覆盖问题的质粒DNA算模型及其实现算法．算法的时间复杂性是O(q),编码最小覆盖问题所需的核苷酸片段种类为n,其中n,q分别是图的规模和边数．在算法中,所用酶的种类也等于图的规模．而且,算法不需要复杂的单链DNA自身退火反应和PCR扩增．     

DNA computing model based on lab-on-a-chip and its application to solving the timetabling problem

The essential characteristic of DNA computation is its massive parallelism in obtaining and managing information.With the development of molecular biology technique,the field of DNA computation has made a great progress.By using an advanced biochip technique,laboratory-on-a-chip,a new DNA computing model is presented in the paper to solve a simple timetabling problem,which is a special version ofthe optimization problems.It also plays an important role in education and other industries.With a simulated biological experiment,the result suggested that DNA computation with lab-on-a-chip has the potential to solve a real complex timetabling problem.     

DNA计算的粘贴模型及在组合优化中的应用

讨论了分子计算的一种新的模型——粘贴模型。它使用DNA串作为底物来进行信息表达,杂交分离作为控制机制。粘贴模型有一个可随机访问的存储空间,而不需要DNA串的延伸,也无需用酶,并且它的材料是可重复使用的。     

基于粒计算的认知模型

事物的认知过程是一个非常复杂的过程,粒计算是人工智能领域中的一种新理念和新方法。概要介绍了几种典型的认知模型,结合粒计算的方法论提出了基于粒计算的认知模型,并分析了图像认知过程中的粒计算方法和讨论了图像认知必须解决的关键问题。     

基于虚拟化的绿色云计算

研究减少电子产品使用过程中的碳排量的方法,成为IT行业的责任和重点.云计算的基础是虚拟化,而虚拟化在绿色计算中具有极其重要的作用.将云计算和绿色计算结合起来,互相助力,将有利于IT的可持续发展.阐述了绿色云计算的实现途径和体系结构,详细描述了虚拟资源池的构建,并分析了其绿色机理.接着说明了云计算的绿色评估方法,并对绿色云计算的美好前景进行了展望.最后例举案例说明云计算的实现.