具有良好可再生性的新型二氧化硅磁性氧化石墨烯纳米复合材料

Graphene oxide (GO) wrapped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by coating the Fe₃O₄ NPs with a SiO₂ layer, and then modifying by amino groups, which interact with the GO nanosheets to form covalent bonding. The SiO₂ coating layer plays a key role in integrating the magnetic nanoparticles with the GO nanosheets. The effect of the amount of SiO₂ on the morphology, structure, adsorption, and regenerability of the composites was studied in detail. An appropriate SiO₂ layer can effectively induce the GO nanosheets to completely wrap the Fe₃O₄ NPs, forming a core-shell Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO composite where Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ NPs are firmly encapsulated by GO nanosheets. The optimized Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@GO sample exhibits a high saturated adsorption capacity of 253 mg·g?1 Pb(II) cations from wastewater, and the adsorption process is well fitted by Langmuir adsorption model. Notably, the composite displays excellent regeneration, maintaining a ~90% adsorption capacity for five cycles, while other samples decrease their adsorption capacity rapidly. This work provides a theoretical guidance to improve the regeneration of the GO-based adsorbents.     

微波预处理对复杂铜矿磨矿及浮选动力学的影响

The effect of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ on the reduction roasting and magnetic separation of high-phosphorus iron ore containing phosphorus in the form of Fe₃PO₇ and apatite was investigated. The results revealed that Na₂CO₃ had the most significant effect on iron recovery and dephosphorization, followed by CaCO₃, the effect of CaF₂ was negligible. The mechanisms of CaCO₃, Na₂CO₃, and CaF₂ were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM–EDS). Without additives, Fe₃PO₇ was reduced to elemental phosphorus and formed an iron–phosphorus alloy with metallic iron. The addition of CaCO₃ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to generate an enormous amount of Ca₃(PO₄)₂ and promoted the reduction of iron oxides. However, the growth of iron particles was inhibited. With the addition of Na₂CO₃, the phosphorus in Fe₃PO₇ migrated to nepheline and Na₂CO₃ improved the reduction of iron oxides and growth of iron particles. Therefore, the recovery of iron and the separation of iron and phosphorus were the best. In contrast, CaF₂ reacted with Fe₃PO₇ to form fine Ca₃(PO₄)₂ particles scattered around the iron particles, making the separation of iron and phosphorus difficult.     

不同硅饱和系数水榴石的碳酸化分解动力学

Carbonated decomposition of hydrogarnet is one of the vital reactions of the calcification–carbonation method, which is designed to dispose of low-grade bauxite and Bayer red mud and is a novel eco-friendly method. In this study, the effect of the silica saturation coefficient (x) on the carbonation of hydrogarnet was investigated from the kinetic perspective. The results indicated that the carbonation of hydrogarnets with different x values (x = 0.27, 0.36, 0.70, and 0.73) underwent two stages with significantly different rates, and the kinetic mechanisms of the two stages can be described by the kinetic functions R3 and D3. The apparent activation energies at Stages 1 and 2 were 41.96–81.64 and 14.80–34.84 kJ/mol, respectively. Moreover, the corresponding limiting steps of the two stages were interfacial chemical reaction and diffusion.     

一种超重力燃烧合成制备高性能高熵合金的新方法

A new method of high-gravity combustion synthesis (HGCS) followed by post-treatment (PT) is reported for preparing high-performance high-entropy alloys (HEAs), Cr_0.9FeNi_2.5V_0.2Al_0.5 alloy, whereby cheap thermite powder is used as the raw material. In this process, the HEA melt and the ceramic melt are rapidly formed by a strong exothermic combustion synthesis reaction and completely separated under a high-gravity field. Then, the master alloy is obtained after cooling. Subsequently, the master alloy is sequentially subjected to conventional vacuum arc melting (VAM), homogenization treatment, cold rolling, and annealing treatment to realize a tensile strength, yield strength, and elongation of 1250 MPa, 1075 MPa, and 2.9%, respectively. The present method is increasingly attractive due to its low cost of raw materials and the intermediate product obtained without high-temperature heating. Based on the calculation of phase separation kinetics in the high-temperature melt, it is expected that the final alloys with high performance can be prepared directly across master alloys with higher high-gravity coefficients.     

利用皮秒激光烧蚀制备非球形铝纳米颗粒

We report the picosecond laser ablation of aluminum targets immersed in a polar organic liquid (chloroform, CHCl₃) with ~2 ps laser pulses at an input energy of ~350 μJ. The synthesized aluminum nanoparticles exhibited a surface plasmon resonance peak at ~340 nm. Scanning electron microscopy images of Al nanoparticles demonstrated the spherical morphology with an average size of (27 ± 3.6) nm. The formation of smaller spherical Al nanoparticles and the diminished growth could be from the formation of electric double layers on the Al nanoparticles. In addition to spherical aluminum nanoparticles, triangular/pentagonal/hexagonal nanoparticles were also observed in the colloidal solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images of ablated Al targets demonstrated laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs), which were the high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSF-LIPSSs) since their grating period was ~280 nm. Additionally, coarse structures with a period of ~700 nm were observed.     

窄板坯结晶器内连铸工艺参数对钢液流场的影响

Computational simulations and high-temperature measurements of velocities near the surface of a mold were carried out by using the rod deflection method to study the effects of various operating parameters on the flow field in slab continuous casting (CC) molds with narrow widths for the production of automobile exposed panels. Reasonable agreement between the calculated results and measured subsurface velocities of liquid steel was obtained under different operating parameters of the CC process. The simulation results reveal that the flow field in the horizontal plane located 50 mm from the meniscus can be used as the characteristic flow field to optimize the flow field of molten steel in the mold. Increases in casting speed can increase the subsurface velocity of molten steel and shift the position of the vortex core downward in the downward circulation zone. The flow field of liquid steel in a 1040 mm-wide slab CC mold can be improved by an Ar gas flow rate of 7 L·min?1 and casting speed of 1.7 m·min?1. Under the present experimental conditions, the double-roll flow pattern is generally stable at a submerged entry nozzle immersion depth of 170 mm.     

电渣重熔脱硫技术研究进展

Electroslag remelting (ESR) gives a combination of liquid metal refining and solidification structure control. One of the typical aspects of liquid metal refining during ESR for the advanced steel and alloy production is desulfurization. It involves two patterns, i.e., slag–metal reaction and gas–slag reaction (gasifying desulfurization). In this paper, the advances in desulfurization practices of ESR are reviewed. The effects of processing parameters, including the initial sulfur level of consumable electrode, remelting atmosphere, deoxidation schemes of ESR, slag composition, melting rate, and electrical parameters on the desulfurization in ESR are assessed. The interrelation between desulfurization and sulfide inclusion evolution during ESR is discussed, and advancements in the production of sulfur-bearing steel at a high-sulfur level during ESR are described. The remaining challenges for future work are also proposed.     

Mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al2O3?Na2O system during high-temperature sintering

The mineral transition and formation mechanism of calcium aluminate compounds in CaO?Al₂O₃?Na₂O system during the high-temperature sintering process were systematically investigated using DSC?TG, XRD, SEM?EDS, FTIR, and Raman spectra, and the crystal structure of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was also simulated by Material Studio software. The results indicated that the minerals formed during the sintering process included Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀, CaO·Al₂O₃, and 12CaO·7Al₂O₃, and the content of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ could reach 92wt% when sintered at 1200°C for 30 min. The main formation stage of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ occurred at temperatures from 970 to 1100°C, and the content could reach 82wt% when the reaction temperature increased to 1100°C. The crystal system of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was tetragonal, and the cells preferred to grow along crystal planes (110) and (210). The formation of Na₄Ca₃(AlO₂)₁₀ was an exothermic reaction that followed a secondary reaction model, and its activation energy was 223.97 kJ/mol.     

含细夹层的分矿充填层中流动特性的可视化

Ore particles, especially fine interlayers, commonly segregate in heap stacking, leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds. Computed tomography (CT), COMSOL Multiphysics, and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers. The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds. Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking. CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers (24.21%) was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores (37.42%), which directly affected the formation of flow paths. Specifically, the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped. Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds. Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity (1.8 × 10?5 m/s) suddenly increased. Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2 × 10?5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter.     

T2、S-T2、正则与正规空间的映射性质

根据 S连续映射、 半连通映射、半开映射、半连续映射和弱连续映射的定义和点集拓扑的有关知识 ,讨论了T2 、S -T2 、正则和正规空间在上述映射下的性质 ,得到了这些空间在相关映射下是映射或逆向映射不变的结论 .     

关于空间和映射——献给高国士教授70寿辰

本文综述在拓扑空间论的研究中具有一定作用的一百多个拓扑空间类在商映射、闭映射,具有Lindelof纤维的闭映射,完备映射,有限到一闭映射,开映射,开紧映射和有限到一开映射作用下的不变性和逆不变性。     

关于分离空间与半分离空间的映射性质

文[1]讨论了在一些与连通性有关的条件下,正则性和T_2性质是映射逆向不变的.本文则是论证了某些分离空间与半分离空间的其他一些性质,使得对分离空间与半分离空间映射性质的探讨更为深入.     

协同设计中约束信息的可视化映射研究

文章通过对约束信息的归类和分析,提出了约束信息可视化的映射方法,包括可视化结构映射、可视化空间映射、可视化元素映射及可视化属性映射4个步骤,分别分析了4个步骤实现方法及一般准则,采用协同设计中的层次约束、任务约束、部件约束为实例,实现了由约束信息到可视化方式的映射,并给出了映射的可视化结果.     

凝聚非自映射的不动点定理

指出ＫｙＦａｎ在文５中的定理２以无穷维Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间的球面上连续凝聚非自映射成立。作为应用证明了球面上连续凝聚非自映射的不动点定理，所得结果推广了Ｒ．Ｎｕｓｓｂａｕｍ和Ｐ．Ｍａｓｓａｔｔ在文３、４中的结果。     

DirectX3D中的环境映射及特殊效果实现

目的介绍D3D中环境映射的基本概念,详细论述用D3D实现立方体环境映射和球面环境映射的过程。方法通过原理描述,应用代码实现了立方体环境映射。结果建立了立方体环境映射的模型,通过C++语言给出了实现过程。结论D3D中相关参数的不同设置和SetRenderTarget方法的调用,会产生不同的图形生成效果。     

Banach代数之间保单位线性映射的若干性质

引入了代数的复同态分离性质,证明如果φ是从有单位Banach代数A到有单位且具有复同态分离性质的Banach代数B中的保单位线性映射,则以下等阶：①φ是保可逆映射;②φ是保乘法映射;③φ是保逆运算映射;④φ是保平方映射;⑤φ是谱压缩映射;⑥φ是Jordna同态。作为应用,证明了从Banach代数到半单交换Banach代数的保单位且保可逆的线性映射是自动连续的代数同态。最后,还证明了当n不小于2时,从矩阵代数Mn（C）到任一具有复同态分离性质的代数的任一代数同态必为零。     

调和单叶函数和它的共形伴

在此文中,2和3节我们得到的全部结果是文[2]中相应结果的推广和完善。在4和5节中所得结果,是关于在单位圆盘E内保持定向调和单叶映射的共形伴。从另外一个角度讨论问题,我们给出族SH和SN^。中f,fzfz^-的偏差。     

一族离散映射的全局结构

本文讨论了 T_n:X(?)[x2]_n,x∈N(n=2,3,……)的全局结构,吸引子和子结构的构造。当n→∞时可以得出映射 T_∞的全局结构,自相似性质等。这些结果可以与连续映射作对比。     

基于凹凸纹理映射技术的视差纹理映射技术改进

凹凸纹理映射技术是三维图形学中近年来研究的一个热点,它被使用来绘制物体表面的细节,使物体表面看起来具有粗糙感,增加绘制场景的真实程度。视差纹理映射技术是新近提出的实现物体表面粗糙感的一种凹凸映射技术,它是对目前因计算量过大而无法应用于实时渲染系统中的传统凹凸纹理映射技术的改进,这种技术不是对物体表面的顶点进行偏移,而是借助于高度图对纹理坐标进行偏移,从而近似达到位移映射技术的效果。本文从对高度值的调整和偏移值的校正两方面着手,对视差纹理映射技术加以改进,使绘制后的物体表面真实感更强,且所增加的计算量不大,使其应用范围更加广泛。