水稻花粉Profilin基因启动子的克隆及序列分析

作者使用两次染色体步移（Genome walking)法,从灿稻（Oryza sativa subsp.indica)IR36中克隆到长度为569bp的花粉proiflin基因的启动子片段,并进行了全序列测定和分析。结果表明：在该段序列中含有3个TATA box,3个CAAT box和2个G－box。通过EPD（The Eukaryotic Promoter Database)的比较发现,序列的＋2－-71区域与番茄（Lycopersicon esculentum)花粉特异基因LAT52,向日葵（Helianthus annuus)花药特异基因SF2启动子关键序列的同源性为50％左右。     

松树根特异性启动子驱动的转CMO/BADH基因水稻的耐盐性研究

运用松树根特异性启动子PmPgPR10驱动把CMO/BADH双价基因转入水稻.对转基因植株根和叶的CMO酶、BADH酶活性及其它生理生化指标进行了测定.结果表明:CMO/BADH双价基因能在根部特异性表达.文章还对转基因提高植株耐盐性的机理进行了探讨.     

水稻基因整合平台系统供体质粒pURKMT的构建

提高水稻产量,改良稻米品质是育种学家广泛研究的课题．随着现代生物技术的发展,水稻已成为植物基因工程的重要研究对象．许多实验室已成功地建立了一系列供外源基因转化水稻的系统．但是这些转化系统主要应用Ｔｉ质粒衍生的载体,通过Ｔ－ＤＮＡ左右两端的序列将目的基...     

水稻小GTP蛋白OsRab5A的表达、纯化和GTP结合分析

小GTP结合蛋白是一类在细胞内的运输过程中重要作用的蛋白。它们通过结合子GTP而激活 ,当GTP被水解为GDP后处于非活性状态。哺乳动物中的研究表明 ,Rab5A蛋白是细胞内的形成早期内吞体 (earlyendosome)的限速因子。证实了所克隆的水稻rab5A基因编码的蛋白具有GTP结合功能。将Osrab5A基因的编码序列按正确读码框重组到pGEX4T1载体中 ,转化大肠杆菌BL2 1(DE3) ,电泳判定插入片段大小无误后 ,进一步测序鉴定其读码也无误。将该克隆命名为pG_5AE。以IPTG诱导 pG_5AE所编码的融合蛋白GST_OsRab5A的表达。SDS_PAGE电泳与无外源质粒和表达谷胱甘肽硫转移酶 (GST)的对照相比 ,得到了预计大小的融合蛋白。以GSTrapTM亲和柱纯化融合蛋白。在不同的泳道分离纯化的融合蛋白和作为对照的含GST以及无外源蛋白的细菌总蛋白 ,电转移到硝酸纤维膜上。将该膜与α_3 2 PGTP温育 ,洗膜 ,放射自显影后 ,获得了融合蛋白结合GTP的结果 ,这表明在原核中表达出的水稻Rab5A蛋白能在体外结合GTP。     

Basta对水稻愈伤组织生长及分化的影响

通过研究除草剂 Ｂａｓｔａ对 ６个水稻品种愈伤组织的生长和分化的影响,发现 Ｂａｓｔａ对愈伤组织的生长和分化具有强烈的抑制作用;在此基础上,找到了合适的Ｂａｓｔａ筛选压,为以ｂａｒ基因作为选择标记基因的水稻遗传转化奠定了基础．     

水稻叶色突变研究进展

水稻叶色突变体表型变异明显,易于观察、利用和鉴别。叶色相关基因在水稻叶绿体形成与发育、叶绿素代谢等过程中,具有极其重要的作用。目前,在水稻所有的染色体中都发现了控制叶色相关的基因。文章从叶绿素合成、降解、水稻叶色突变表型以及叶色变化的分子机制等方面阐述了水稻叶色突变形成的机制。     

Effects of stem structure and cell wall components on bending strength in wheat

Stem is an important organ consisting of storage, transportation and mechanical tissues and is closely related to yield. There is an irregular cavity in the ce- real crop stems and the lower the location, the shorter and thicker the walls of the internode…     

Characterization and mapping of a lesion mimic mutant in rice （Oryza sativa L.）

A rice initiation-type lesion mimic mutant (lmi) was identified, which was isolated from an indica rice Zhongxian 3037 through γ radiation mutagenesis. Trypan blue staining and sterile culture revealed that the mutant spontaneously developed lesions on the leaves in a developmentally regulated and light-dependent manner. Genetic analysis indicated that the lesion mimic trait was controlled by a single resessive locus. Using public molecular markers and an F2 population derived from lmi and 93-11, we mapped the lmi locus to the short arm of chromosome 8, nearby the centromere, between two SSR markers RM547 and RM331. The genetic distance was 1.2 and 3.2 cM, respectively. Then according to the public rice genomic sequence between the two SSR markers, lmi was further finely tagged by three CAPS markers: C4135-8, C4135-9 and C4135-10. And lmi locus was a co-segregated with marker C4135-10, providing a starting point for lmi gene cloning.     

Morphological and physiological analysis of narrow and striped leaf 1 （nsl1） mutant of rice （Oryza sativa L.） and the gene mapping

The shape and color of rice leaves are impor- tant agronomic traits that directly influence the proportion of sunlight energy utilization and ultimately affect the yield and quality. A new mutant exhibiting stable inheritance was identified as derived from ethyl methane sulfonate （EMS）-treated restorer Jinhui 10, tentatively named as narrow and striped leaf 1 （nsll）. The nsll displayed pale white leaves at the seeding stage and then white striped leaves in parallel to the main vein at the jointing stage. Meanwhile, its leaf blades are significantly narrower than the control group of Jinhui 10. The chloroplast structures of cells in the white striped area of the nsll mutant break down, and the photosynthetic pigments are significantly lower than that of the wild type. Moreover, fluorescence parameters, such as Fo, Fv/Fm, ФpsⅡ, qP, and ETR, in the nsll mutant are significantly lower than those of the wild type, and the photosynthetic efficiency is also significantly decreased. These changes in leaf color and shape, together with physiological changes in the nsll, result in smaller plant height and a decrease in the most important agro- nomic traits, such as the number of grains per panicle, grain weight, etc. Genetic analysis shows that the narrow and striped traits of the nsll mutant are controlled by a single recessive nuclear gene, which is located between InDel 16 and InDel 12 in chromosome 3. The physical distance is 204 kb. So far, no similar genes of such leaf color and shape in this area have been reported, This study has laid asolid foundation for the gene cloning and function analysis of NSL 1.     

水稻第9号染色体DNA文库的构建

运用染色体显微分离技术构建了水稻第９号（Ｋ１０）染色体的ＤＮＡ文库,连接物转化大肠杆菌ＤＨ５α共获得４５０００多个重组克隆．随机选取了１００个重组克隆进行分析,插入序列的大小为８０～５００ｂｐ,平均２１０ｂｐ     

水稻花粉特异性启动子的克隆与表达

利用PCR技术,从水稻幼苗总DNA中扩增并克隆了一段DNA片段。将该片段与报告基因GUS基因融合,构成植物表达载体。经农杆菌转化烟草萌发花粉,共培养约24h后,作瞬时表达检测。结果表明,该克隆片段具有启动子功能。DNA序列分析表明,该克隆片段长度为526bp,含有TATA盒及CAAT盒。与原基因（PSI）启动子序列比较,同源性为52％。部分顺式调控元件相同。     

水稻广亲和品种与籼粳亚种的亲缘关系

以典型的水稻籼粳亚种代表品种为参照群体,根据ＲＦＬＰ和ＳＳＲ标记座位上等位基因在亚种间的频率分布,确定了３个广亲和品种的基因组与两亚种的亲缘关系．如果亚种间无分化的等位基因在控制亚种间杂种育性上为显性,则这些品种的广亲和性可以用这类等位基因的高含量来解释．新等位基因的衍生及它们在亚种间的分化是导致亚种间部分生殖隔离的直接原因．由Ｉｋｅｈａｓｈｉ和Ａｒａｋｉ提出的“等位基因互作”模型与我们对广亲和性遗传基础的解释是高度一致的．     

水稻第6染色体S5区重叠群构建、基因注释与OS-APH的克隆分析

以通过图位克降所获得的Cosmid克降R2119序列信息为基础，构建了一个长为586kb的粳稻第6染色体S5座位的BAC重叠群（JS5-BC）。通过生物信息学方法，对JS5-BC进行了基因注释，确定该区域含有46个基因位点。经功能预测，JS5-BC重叠群中仔在3个主要的基因家族，分别是木葡聚糖岩藻糖基转移酶、脂酶和黄素氧化还原酶。JS5-BC中注释基因的一个显著特点是功能相关基因密集存在，如与植物细胞壁的合成代谢相父的3个基因、与呼吸链能量代谢的黄素氧化还原酶的4个基因等都是如此。为了验证基因注释的可靠性，克降了广亲和品种Cp17品种的OSAPH基因的cDNA，并检测了该基因的表达模式，为注释基因提供了分子证据。     

Genetic analysis and gene fine mapping for a rice novel mutant （rl9〈t）） with rolling leaf character

Much attention has been paid to leaf shape of rice in the process of ideotype breeding[1]. Several authors have reported that the rolling of leaf in some degree helps keep it erect, consequently optimizing canopy light transmission condition, which is good for dry matter accumulation and for high yield[2―6]. Rice as a polymorphic crop has many types of vari- ety with different morphologies. In terms of leaf shape, different cultivars with rolling leaf have been identifiedin rice germplasm. Le…     

重金属镉处理的水稻幼根cDNA抑制差减杂交文库的构建

重金属污染是影响水稻生长和稻米品质的重要因素,其中又以镉(Cadmium,Cd)污染最为严重,然而目前对其分子机制以及解决措施却了解甚少。本研究以水稻品种日本晴为材料,采用0.5 mmol/L镉处理水稻幼根48 h,通过运用结合分子镜像选择(mirror orientation selection,MOS)技术的抑制差减杂交(suppression subtractive hybridization,SSH)方法,构建cDNA抑制差减杂交文库,并进行microarray筛选,用于分离应答镉胁迫的差异表达基因。揭示水稻应对镉胁迫处理的分子机理,为水稻耐受镉胁迫基因的分离奠定了基础。     

高空气球搭载诱导水稻育性降低突变体RAPD分析

选用300对引物，对经高空气球30km搭载飞行8h后返地种植筛选获得的水稻育性降低突变体基因组进行DNA多态性分析，结果发现：育性降低突变体与原种之间存在多态性．