高温作用后混凝土抗拉强度的影响分析

对62组混凝土标准立方体试块进行劈裂抗拉强度试验,考察受火温度、冷却方式、养护龄期及静置时间对高温作用后混凝土劈裂断面形态和抗拉强度的影响规律,并针对不同情况建议了高温作用后混凝土抗拉强度的计算式.结果表明:受火温度对高温作用后混凝土劈裂断面的破坏形态和抗拉强度影响很大.当受火温度在300℃以内时,劈裂断面较为平整;随着受火温度的提高,劈裂断面越来越粗糙,当受火温度超过600℃时,劈裂断面主要经过硬化水泥浆,断面处粗骨料未发生破坏.喷水冷却后,高温作用后混凝土的抗拉强度总体上比自然冷却后的低.养护龄期越短,高温作用后混凝土的抗拉强度越低.高温作用后混凝土的抗拉强度总体上随静置时间呈先下降后上升的发展趋势,且当静置时间为28d时,混凝土的抗拉强度最低.     

受火温度和时间对喷水冷却后混凝土剩余抗压强度的影响

通过对不同受火温度和时间喷水冷却后混凝土试块剩余抗压强度的试验研究,得到高温后混凝土试块的受压破坏特征和混凝土剩余抗压强度与受火温度和受火时间的耦合关系.研究结果表明:随着受火温度的升高和受火时间的增加,喷水冷却后混凝土剩余抗压强度整体上呈逐步降低的趋势;但在受火温度较低(θ≤500℃)或受火时间t较短(t≤100 min)时,混凝土剩余抗压强度反而有所上升,分析其原因为在较低受火温度或较短受火时间作用时,适当的高温促进了混凝土内部未水化的水泥熟料进一步水化完全,此时高温对混凝土强度的有利作用大于其分解、变形不协调等不利作用.试验建立高温后混凝土剩余抗压强度与受火温度和受火时间的计算公式,并根据抗压强度的损失比例大小对火灾的大小进行评价,将火灾分为大火((θ-20)·t·(φ)＞ 110 000)、中火(90 000＜(θ20)·t·(φ)≤110 000)和小火((θ-20)·t·φ≤90 000) 3种类型.     

不同混杂纤维掺量混凝土高温后的力学性能

通过对120多块立方体混凝土试块进行高温后力学性能试验,测定聚丙烯纤维和混杂纤维(聚丙烯纤维和钢纤维)增韧高性能混凝土的高温残余强度,研究聚丙烯纤维和混杂纤维对混凝土在800℃高温残余力学性能的影响以及不同含量的钢纤维对混杂纤维混凝土高温性能的影响.实验结果表明:800℃后混杂纤维混凝土残余抗压强度剩余54%,抗拉强度剩余32%,钢纤维能有效提高高性能混凝土的残余强度,聚丙烯纤维对高性能混凝土残余力学性能的影响很小.     

高温后掺纳米CaCO_3混凝土劈裂抗拉性能研究

为研究不同高温后掺纳米碳酸钙(NC)混凝土的劈裂抗拉性能,进行了不同NC掺量(0%、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%、2.0%和3.0%)混凝土的高温试验,对分别采用自然冷却和喷水冷却方式后的NC混凝土进行了加载试验.分析了温度、NC掺量及冷却方式等对混凝土劈裂抗拉强度的影响.结果表明:随着受热温度的增加,NC混凝土的劈裂抗拉强度逐渐降低.在混凝土中添加适量的NC可以改善混凝土高温后的劈裂抗拉性能.不同的冷却方式对NC混凝土劈裂抗拉强度有不同的影响:高温(尤其是400℃以上)后采用喷水冷却的混凝土静置两周后,其劈裂抗拉强度均高于采用自然冷却后的劈裂抗拉强度.同时,800℃后,自然冷却的NC混凝土试块在室内放置两周后多数发生自行坍塌情况,几乎完全丧失强度.研究结果可为进一步开展纳米混凝土高温后的其它力学性能和耐久性能提供参考.     

高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土轴压性能研究

为揭示高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土的轴压性能,以历经温度、冷却方式、恒温时长和混凝土强度等级为变化参数,设计了20个钢管高强混凝土短柱试件,进行高温喷水冷却后的静力单调轴心受压试验.观察高温喷水冷却后试件及试块的表观变化和破坏形态,分析各变化参数对高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土轴压性能的影响规律,给出了极限承载力计算公式.研究结果表明:随着历经温度的升高,钢管试件表观由浅褐色转变为黑色,试块由青色转变为灰白色;钢管试件极限承载力先升高后降低,而试块承载力逐步降低;钢管试件的力学性能指标随恒温时长的增加呈波动式增长的变化趋势;喷水冷却可以提高试件的力学性能;混凝土强度等级越高的试件力学性能指标表现越好;基于中国规范提出的高温喷水冷却后钢管高强混凝土柱轴压极限承载力计算公式有较好的适用性.     

高温后横向压力对带肋钢筋与高强混凝土间粘结的影响

配制C100高强混凝土,分别浇筑成混凝土立方体抗压试块和特制的黏结试块.对立方体试块和黏结试块进行200,300,400,500,600℃的高温试验,测量不同温度经历下高强混凝土的残余抗压强度和基于损伤的黏结强度,并分析横压力与黏结强度的关系.对高温后高强混凝土的表观特征和带肋钢筋与高强混凝土黏结强度的退化机理进行研究,为火灾后高强混凝土结构鉴定及加固提供技术支持和理论依据.     

高强混凝土高温后的红外热像检测

为研究高强混凝土遭遇火灾后产生的损伤破坏情况,根据红外热像检测原理,对高温作用后的素混凝土和聚丙烯纤维混凝土进行红外检测,并进行了抗压强度试验。通过对试验结果的分析计算,建立了掺聚丙烯纤维前后的高强混凝土试块红外热像平均温升与受火温度和抗压强度损失率的关系。分析结果表明,随受火温度的升高,素混凝土和聚丙烯纤维混凝土的红外热像平均温升基本上处于上升趋势,而抗压强度降低,500℃时强度损失率达到50%,600℃以后,聚丙烯纤维混凝土的强度损失率更是达到75%左右,表明试块损伤趋于严重。通过建立平均温升与受火温度、抗压强度比之间的回归方程,可鉴定火灾后混凝土的火灾温度、结构损伤程度,有利于及时修复灾后建筑物。     

高温对高强度水泥砂浆强度影响的试验研究

对高强度等级水泥砂浆在经历不同温度（150℃、300℃、450℃、600℃）、不同冷却方式（喷水与自然冷却）后的力学性能进行了试验,研究了高温对高强度水泥砂浆力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：高强度等级水泥砂浆抗压强度随受热温度的升高而逐渐降低,当温度在300℃以下时,强度下降较静;温度在450℃以上时,强度下降明显。冷却方式对砂浆抗压强度退化影响较为明显,相同受火温度,喷水冷却后的砂浆强度低于自然冷却后的砂浆强度。并得出不同冷却方式、不同强度等级水泥砂浆高温后抗压强度退化的公式。     

高温后方钢管全再生混凝土短柱轴压试验研究

为了研究不同冷却方式下高温后方钢管全再生混凝土短柱的轴压力学性能,设计制作9根短柱试件依次进行高温试验和轴心受压试验,探讨历经温度(20℃、200℃、400℃、600℃、800℃)和冷却方式(自然冷却、喷水冷却)对轴压破坏形态、极限承载力、初始刚度、刚度退化及延性的影响。试验结果表明:试件最终破坏形态为钢管撕裂和钢管鼓曲斜压破坏;高温作用后试件极限承载力降低较为显著,但受自然冷却和喷水冷却的影响不明显;试件初始刚度随温度的升高而不断降低,喷水冷却作用对试件初始刚度有二次削弱;试件刚度退化曲线经历了平台段、快速下降段、平缓下降段、平稳段,冷却方式对试件刚度退化的影响不大;试件的延性随温度的升高呈先降低后升高的趋势,喷水冷却作用会降低试件的延性。     

高性能混凝土高温后残余抗折强度研究

完成了127块100 mm×100 mm×515 mm混凝土棱柱体试块在20~900℃条件下的高温试验和高温后的弯折试验.以C40普通混凝土作为参照,考察了C50,C80和C100高性能混凝土棱柱体试块在火灾中的特点;通过对强度等级、外掺聚丙烯纤维和外掺矿渣与硅灰等因素的对比,分析了高性能混凝土高温后残余抗折强度与经历温度之间的相互关系;提出了高性能混凝土高温后残余抗折强度与经历温度间统计公式.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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