数据仓库中视图选择算法的分析与比较

数据仓库中的视图选择关系到数据仓库的效率和维护代价，是数据仓库中研究的重要问题。本就已有的视图选择算法加以分析、比较，以此描述视图选择算法的研究现状和发展方向。     

数据仓库集合刷新联机维护算法

随着数据仓库应用的不断扩展和深入,它的联机维护技术也显得越来越重要。提出一种版本控制集合刷新算法VSRA(Version-controlSetRefreshingAlgorithm),它采用增量维护和批处理思想,首先根据原始数据的变化集合,计算出实体化视图的刷新集合,然后据此集合刷新实体化视图,同时利用版本控制保持数据仓库与当前数据库状态的一致性,达到对数据仓库联机维护的目的。VSRA算法采用集合方式一次处理一批数据,不但减少了数据仓库与数据库之间的通信开销,而且提高了数据仓库的刷新效率.严格的版本控制使用户可以随时使用数据仓库进行联机分析处理(OLAP),并得到正确一致的结果.在文后,通过一个典型示例说明了算法的具体应用.     

基于视图的查询重写

概括了基于视图的查询重写所涉及的研究领域，介绍了查询重写的一些基本概念和定理，总结了基于视图的查询重写的求解过程。在此基础上，揭示了使用视图重写查询过程巾的两个独立复杂性因素，即包含映射和冗余基本式，分析了求解查询重写的复杂性问题。最后，结合当前流行的XML技术，讨论了XML领域中的查询重写问题及其与传统数据库中的查询重写问题的关系。     

数据仓库中实现图聚集函数的增量更新

提出在视图表达式树中由下到上的方式计算中间结点的变化，将计算出的中间结果作为辅助视图保存在数据仓库中，利用这些辅助视图或子视图计算出来的聚集函数的变化，来计算本视图聚集函值的更新，实现视图的增量维护，从而缩短数据仓库更新维护时间，提高OLAP查询效率，同时，介绍了实视图中聚集函数的增量更新算法，实现实现图聚集函数的更新维护。     

基于OLAP查询的数据集市系统的研究

研究了通过对数据仓库视图进行水平分割来建立数据集市系统，提高OLAP查询效率的方法和技术。提出了根据OLAP查询中的选择谓词构造其最小项谓词，选择数据仓库立方体视图进行水平分割，利用视图分割后的裂片建立的数据集市来回答查询，达到减少访问的视图元组数和加快查询响应时间，从而提高OLAP查询效率，削减维护费用。     

数据仓库中两种数据模型的分析比较

指出了数据决策支持系统是当今数据库领域的研究热点，而数据仓库和联机分析处理是该领域中的2个重大的技术，数据模型又是数据仓库的核心和基础，在数据仓库中，常用的数据模型是立方体数据模型和星型数据模型，在分析比较这2种数据模型优、缺点的基础上，提出了组织数据仓库中的数据时应灵活选择模型，做到优势互补，扬长避，以调离同高性能的商业决策支持系统。     

数据仓库技术研究

数据仓库是近几年数据库领域研究的热点问题之一 ,也是决策支持系统 ( DSS)与数据库技术的结合点。在对传统的数据库与数据仓库的实现技术进行分析的基础上 ,讨论了数据仓库的实现过程、关键环节及相关技术。     

数据仓库及其创建问题研究

介绍了数据库体系结构和功能,对OLTP和OLAP进行了比较,对在已有数据库基础上创建数据仓库出现的问题进行了研究,最后给出了数据库领域进一步研究的几个问题.     

实视图维护中的更新检测

在关系数据库系统中,视图是从一个或几个表中导出的表,为了提高访问视图数据的效率,人们将视图数据也保存起来,这样的视图称这实视图,当基表发生了变化,为使实社图与基表保持一致,必须对实视图进行维护。实视图的维护可分类一个阶段：即无关更新检测,可自处理更新检测和实际维护。     

并发更新环境下的视图维护异常研究

通过对视图维护过程中的更新异常进行分析,发现并发更新是导致视图维护异常的主要原因.在并发环境下,数据更新和模式更新极有可能同时存在,这对视图维护工作带来极大的困难.在实例分析基础上,深入而细致地刻画了模式与数据全面并发的典型情形,为视图维护工作奠定基础.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of