磷酸三苯酯/锡酸锌对环氧树脂酸酐固化物的阻燃与抑烟性能研究

采用极限氧指数法,热重分析和烟密度测试法研究了磷酸三苯酯(TPP)、锡酸锌(ZS)在环氧树脂酸酐固化物(EP)中的阻燃作用和抑烟机理.研究表明TPP对EP具有良好的阻燃效果,并通过增加在高温下的热稳定性和降低热失重速率等在凝缩相和气相中发挥阻燃作用;TPP通过分解时形成的液态含磷物质吸附少量的烟尘.ZS的阻燃效果一般,它的用量为30份,其阻燃体系的最大烟密度值可降低至491.7,但降低了t16,TPP和ZS合用时具有一定的阻燃协同效应,但并不一定具有抑烟协同效应.     

烟剂在温棚蔬菜病害防治上的应用技术

烟剂,在蔬菜生产上又称烟熏剂或烟雾剂。它是将防治蔬菜病害的杀菌剂与可燃性物质混合在一起,加工制成的一种新型杀菌剂类型。目前在生产上既有单一的烟剂,如百菌清烟剂、速充灵烟剂等;也有复配烟剂,如百菌清和速克灵复合烟剂。烟剂能够防治温棚蔬菜多种病害,其效果一般可达到85％以上,比用同种可湿性杀菌剂喷雾防治效果提高10％以上,且在使用时不用药械、水及辅助工具,只需用火柴引燃烟剂即可达到防治目的,特别是阴雨天及湿度大时病害流行期间防治效果更加明显。一般一个温棚的操作过程仅需3－5分钟,比常规防治法省工省药,而药…     

沸石基复合抑烟剂的制备及性能研究

为解决高分子材料燃烧发烟问题,以沸石作载体制成复合钼酸铵抑烟剂和复合三氧化钼抑烟剂.锥形量热计法测试表明,复合抑烟剂的抑烟效果显著;力学性能测试表明,复合抑烟剂与高分子材料具有很好的相容性.复合抑烟剂性能优异的原因在于在载体中钼化物得到了充分的分散,与高分子材料充分接触,提高了钼化物的反应活性,使钼化物的抑烟性能得到了最大限度的利用;同时因载体的抑烟协同效应,增强了抑烟效果,降低了材料成本.     

β—环糊精及脱氧胆酸的固载化研究

借助反应溶胀剂,将氯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯分别与β－环糊精,脱氧胆酸接枝而固载化,采用扫描电镜,红外光谱,差热－热重分析等方法对固载物作了表征,研究结果表明,固载化反应发生在固载体的氯甲基和被载体的羟基间,形成醚基团得到的固载物热稳定性有所增强,相变点亦通过固载迁向高温区,取得较满意固载效果。     

热固型有机浸渗密封剂固化性能

以单官能度单体、双官能度单体、多官能度单体、引发剂、阻聚剂等原料制备了热固型有机浸渗密封剂,考察了上述组分对热固型有机浸渗密封剂的固化凝胶时间、固化后胶棒硬度等性能的影响。结果表明:热固型有机浸渗密封剂中m(单官能度单体)∶m(双官能度单体)∶m(多官能度单体)为13.8∶5.0∶2.8情况下,引发剂和阻聚剂占总质量的0.75%和0.1%时,具有最佳性能,在此组分比例下热固型有机浸渗密封剂聚合反应平均活化能Ea为(101.6±8)kJ/mol。     

温拌阻燃沥青阻燃机理的红外和热重差热分析

采用Sasobit温拌剂、氢氧化铝(ATH)、有机蒙脱土(OMMT)和基质沥青制备复合温拌阻燃沥青,通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)扫描、热重分析法(TG)和差热分析法(DSC)等微观测试方法,研究了温拌剂和阻燃剂的协调增效作用和阻燃机理.结果表明：温拌剂和阻燃剂对基质沥青的改性作用以物理改性为主;阻燃剂的加入使得沥青热稳定性和阻燃、抑烟能力增强,且阻燃和抑烟效果会随着复合阻燃剂掺量的增加而提升;阻燃剂在沥青表面形成隔离层,具有裹附效果,有效地降低沥青燃烧的热流率,表现出良好的阻燃效果和燃烧控制效应;ATH和OMMT两种阻燃剂复配后具有协同阻燃作用,其阻燃机理主要为中断热交换阻燃机理和凝聚相阻燃机理两个方面;当复合阻燃剂掺量为8%时,沥青具有良好的阻燃和抑烟性能以及经济性.     

超分子固砂剂QH的抑砂性能试验评价

超分子固砂剂QH是使用超分子化学技术合成的一种固砂剂。通过室内试验研究石英砂粒径、含油量、温度、处理量及冲砂排量对QH抑砂能力的影响,评价了其抑砂能力,研究结果表明超分子固砂剂QH是一种高性能的化学固砂剂。     

可燃固体废弃物热转化特性的基元表征方法

随着社会经济发展,中国可燃固体废弃物产量逐年增加,采用热转化技术可有效处理可燃固废。在进行热转化处理时需要获取可燃固废的热值、挥发分等热转化特性。该文建立了一种以纤维素、半纤维素、木质素、淀粉、聚乙烯(PE)、聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚苯乙烯(PS)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)等9种物质为基元预测可燃固废热转化特性的方法。通过对可燃固废进行TGA热解实验,采用多元线性回归,以灰色关联度为判据,用基元的失重曲线拟合获得了可燃固废的失重曲线,拟合系数即为该可燃固废的基元表征系数。利用基元表征系数,结合基元数据,通过线性加权计算表征了可燃固废的热转化特性,其中挥发分表征误差在5%以内,热值误差在10%以内。该研究为热转化特性计算提供了一个简洁有效的路径,可作为工程设计参考。     

催化裂化三旋催化剂细粉烧结及结垢机制

为研究催化裂化烟气轮机结垢的形成过程,选择催化裂化装置三旋细粉作为对象,采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和同步热分析等技术,考察三旋细粉经不同温度处理后样品的晶相结构、表面形貌、差热曲线、孔结构和骨架密度等。通过对比不同温度样品的物理化学变化规律,提出催化剂细粉的结垢机制。结果表明,结垢过程是催化剂细粉的液相烧结形成致密固相的过程。     

催化裂化三旋催化剂细粉烧结及结垢机制

为研究催化裂化烟气轮机结垢的形成过程,选择催化裂化装置三旋细粉作为对象,采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜和同步热分析等技术,考察三旋细粉经不同温度处理后样品的晶相结构、表面形貌、差热曲线、孔结构和骨架密度等。通过对比不同温度样品的物理化学变化规律,提出催化剂细粉的结垢机制。结果表明,结垢过程是催化剂细粉的液相烧结形成致密固相的过程。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the