具有抗癌活性有机锡化合物的研究进展

介绍了近年来国内外有机锡化合物在抗癌活性方面的研究进展，尤其是离子型有机锡化合物和含有N原子的有机锡羧酸酯类化合物，并对其发展前景进行了展望。     

胶州湾海域海水中有机锡化合物含量的在线测定

对胶州湾海域海水中有机锡化合物进行了实时在线测定,利用船载海水有机锡自动测定仪,采用氢化物发生顶空固相微萃取-毛细管气相色谱-火焰光度检测器联用技术测定该海域海水中有机锡化合物的含量。测定结果表明,在胶州湾海域不同地点均检测出不同浓度的氯化三丁基锡,表明胶州湾海域中已经不同程度地受到了有机锡的污染。     

有机锡化合物的环境化学行为及效应

论述了有机锡化合物进入环境的途径，锡甲基化和有机锡的富集、迁移、降解的原理。对有机锡的毒性、抗癌活性及生态效应进行了论述。有机锡化合物被用于工业、农业和海洋船舶防污涂料中，随水向水环境迁移。微生物在锡甲基化过程中起着重要作用。有机锡可以通过水、光、微生物等降解。海洋生物对TBT和TPT等有机锡化合物具有很强的富集能力，大约在5000—10000倍之间，且对海洋生物具有很高的毒性，极有可能对海洋生态系统产生强烈影响。建议开展有机锡对海洋生物群落及海洋生态系统影响研究和开发环境船舶涂料。     

几种有机锡二茂铁衍生物的合成

单锂化Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲氨甲基二茂铁与二丁基二氯化锡反应生成一个锡原子桥连两个二茂的基的有机锡化合物。此化合物与过量的碘甲烷作用生成其季铵盐，使此盐分别与亲核试剂甲醇钠，苄主六氢吡啶反应是到相应的三个新有机锡二茂铁衍生物，其结构通过核磁共振变，质谱，元素分析和红外光谱得到了确证。     

NO3-和NO2-在有机锡修饰电极上的电化学研究

通过循环伏安法、旋转圆盘电极等方法研究了有机锡化合物在铂电极上的电化学行为，以及吸附有机锡化合物的铂电校对硝酸根和亚硝酸根的催化还原性能和pH的影响。结果表明二乙基锡在铂电极上的吸附对N03^-和N02^-的还原具有催化作用。还原时过电位减少，根据其还原过程的电化学行为，提出了可能的催化机理。同时通过催化过程动力学分析由实验得到了催化速率常数。     

三类新型阴离子载体的合成

通过实验合成了十种新的四配位、五配位和六配位的有机锡化合物，其结果经元素分析、红外光谱所证实。     

水产品中有机锡化合物分析方法的研究进展

有机锡为含金属化合物,其形态种类较多,理化和毒理性质多样,是人体摄入重金属锡元素的主要来源。水生物易富集各类环境中的有机锡污染物,大量摄入含锡的水产品将对人体健康造成危害。因此,选择合适的前处理及检测分析技术对准确识别并科学研究水产品中有机锡分布特征和监管水产品质量安全具有重要意义。本文概述近年来国内外有关水产品中有机锡化合物分析方法的研究现状,包括样品前处理技术和仪器测定方法,旨在为水产品中有机锡污染水平的监测提供技术参考。     

有机锡化合物的急性毒性试验

前言有机锡化合物有着广泛的用途,主要用作聚氯乙烯热稳定剂、船底漆毒料、木材防腐剂、防霉剂、杀菌剂和聚氨酯泡沫塑料合成用的均相催化剂等。据A.G.Davies和P.J.Smith报导,1980年全世界有机锡化合物的年产量已达35000吨。化工部炼化司总工程师林文新经市场调查予测,我国近期对有机锡化合物的年需要量为1700吨,1990年的年需量为3000吨。因此,有机锡化合物的毒性研究对其在工农业生产方面的应用至关重要。国外,人们对有机锡化合物的毒性研究相当重视。但由于商业竞争的需要,往往不详细报导其毒性研究的情况。例如,德国Shering公司曾对有机     

锦州湾沉积物和生物体中有机锡化合物的分布特征及生态风险评价

【目的】研究锦州湾沉积物和生物体中有机锡化合物(OTs)的含量及其分布特征,为有机锡输入控制和对环境造成的生态风险评价提供基础数据。【方法】利用气相色谱配FPD检测器分析沉积物和生物体中3种丁基锡和3种苯基锡的含量。【结果】沉积物中OTs的含量为5.89~26.6ng Sn/g,除三苯基锡(TPhT)外,其它5种有机锡均有检出;生物样品中含量为13.2~170ng Sn/g,3种丁基锡和3种苯基锡均有检出。【结论】锦州湾沉积物中的OTs与国内其它海区水平相当,其组成比例显示有新的输入源;三丁基锡(TBT)降解程度不高;6种生物样富集OTs的含量与其脂肪含量之间无显著的相关性,且体内OTs的组成比例不同,表明生物选择性富集OTs;沉积物中三丁基锡化合物(TBT)含量处在低筛选浓度和高筛选浓度之间,TBT对生态环境产生中等程度的负面影响,应当引起足够的重视。     

具有二维结构有机锡化合物三丁基锡2,5-吡啶二羧酸的合成及晶体结构

利用双三丁基氧化锡与2，5-吡啶二羧酸反应，合成了斯的有机锡化合物[（^nBuaSn）2（2，5-pdc）∞（pdc=吡啶二羧酸），并用元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和X-射线单晶衍射对该化舍物进行了表征．结果表明，该化合物为二维网状结构．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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