现代仪器方法在中药分析检测中的应用进展

中药具有来源、成分、配伍应用、体内转化产物多样等特点,构成了一个非常复杂的物质体系,致使其理化性质差异很大、药理活性及作用机理多样.因此在中药现代化进程中,一个重要的任务是建立合理可靠的分析检测方法,以保证中药的质量稳定可控和安全有效.文章综述了近年来中药研究与生产中常用的现代仪器分析检测方法,为中药现代化发展提供一定...     

俄罗斯测井地面采集系统分析

俄罗斯测井仪器在中国应用范围越来越广泛,由于俄罗斯的测井技术的独特性,其相关仪器也各有特点.本文在研究俄罗斯测井地面采集GEKTOR系统结构、 AC-3适配器结构的基础上,对俄罗斯器件与美国器件规格进行了对比研究,分析了俄罗斯测井地面采集系统的特点及优劣,为俄罗斯仪器的技术更新及推广应用提出了建设性思考.     

光度法检测适用于环境背景的羟基自由基的研究进展

适用于环境背景中的羟基自由基的检测是研究高级氧化技术在环境治理中应用的关键,采用光度法检测羟基自由基具有快速便捷等优点。本文对比整理了羟基自由基的光度法检测方法,介绍了氧化剂显色法、比色法和荧光光度法在近年来的应用,并指出了各种方法的优点及局限性。     

基于三甲基醌的近红外荧光探针用于心肌黄酶的检测及生物成像研究

心肌黄酶是动物组织中常见的一种蛋白酶,它能阻止各种自由基引发的超氧阴离子的产生,从而保护细胞免受损伤.由于心肌黄酶在多种肿瘤组织中过度表达,使得其成为早期肿瘤诊断及治疗的重要生物标记物.利用荧光传感技术的高特异性、高灵敏度及可实时原位检测的特点,设计合成了一种基于三甲基醌的近红外荧光探针MITZ 1.该探针在还原型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸存在的条件下与心肌黄酶通过专一性反应释放出荧光团,溶液在770 nm处荧光值增加了近5倍,通过明显的荧光信号响应检测出体系内心肌黄酶含量的变化.由于MITZ 1具有选择性高、毒性低和检测限低等特点,该探针被成功应用于肿瘤细胞（HeLa）和秀丽隐杆线虫内源及外源性心肌黄酶的生物成像检测.     

虚拟仪器技术设置制冷空调自控课程教学软硬件

虚拟仪器作为计算机系统应用于过程检测控制,以软件替代硬件,系统集成简单,功能全面强大,其在不同领域应用替代传统仪器是工程技术发展趋势。以虚拟仪器教学系统替代基于传统仪器传统教学系统是全面高效的教学方式。论文论述虚拟仪器技术特点对教育技术适用性．提出虚拟仪器技术设置制冷空调自控课程教学软硬件方案,并分析其教学系统的优点及开发应用特点。     

氯化氰分析法的进展

阐述了氯化氰分析方法的进展，查阅了近３０年国内外期刊，涉及到光度法，色谱法、电导法及联用技术等。论及了各种分析的方法特点，研究对象，检测范围，以及方法的发展和仪器的联机组合。     

浅谈环境污染控制中自由基的运用

近一段时间内,在有关环保知识的传播中,一个新的名词——自由基出现的频率越来越高,环保用品中、化工品中、日常生活中等无处不在,更重要的是自由基在环境污染控制中的所起的重要作用。本文主要介绍了等离子体技术、光催化技术、高级氧化技术中主体氧化物种自由基及污染物去除机理,讨论了自由基在大气和水污染治理技术中的应用及自由基的检测方法,展望了自由基在环境污染控制领域中的发展前景。     

声波换能器高温测试系统温度控制方法

声波换能器是声波测井仪器的关键部件,其温度特性直接影响仪器的性能.为满足声波换能器在高温环境下的性能测试要求,针对控制系统的特点采用了Fuzzy-PID参数自整定控温方案,提出了分段控温及小温差逐次逼近控制方法,并实现了根据飞升曲线测定控温对象数学模型的算法.理论分析和仿真结果表明,该方法在各种指标上都能达到较满意的控制效果.     

文学理论形态学刍议

文学理论形态学是以文学理论为研究对象的元话语,它探索文学理论的内部构成、外部特点及生成发展规律,并对其意义指向和价值旨归进行阐释.文学理论形态依其自身性质和主体建构方式的差异而有种种不同,其研究方法是综合的而不是单一的.     

甘肃武山水帘洞石窟群数字化技术研究

本文以武山水帘洞石窟群为研究对象,根据其壁画和造像的不同特点,研究利用三维激光扫描技术及无人机测绘技术进行数字化采集,提出多源数据联合建模方案,为石窟的数字化保护提供切实的理论依据.     

Editorial

Professor LIU YouCheng is a pioneer of free radical chem-istry in China. He was elected as a Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980 and as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 2008. Professor Liu set up the first laboratory of free radical chemistry in China at Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province and has made out-standing contributions to many aspects of free radical chemistry. Therefore, he is generally known as the founder of free radical chemistry in China. I was fortunate enough to be a student of Professor Liu for my MS and PhD qualifica-tions and had the privilege of being educated and guided by him. I have been deeply impressed and influenced by his dedication and enthusiasm to science, his rigorous attitude towards scientific research, his hard-working and modest personality, and the great care and attention he pays to his students and colleagues.
........     

Preface

Professor LIU YouCheng is a pioneer of free radical chemistry in China. Born in Shucheng, Anhui Province in 1920, he received his undergraduate education at the National Central University, China and studied as a graduate student on a scholarship from the British Council at the University of Leeds, England, where he received his PhD degree in organic chemistry in 1948 under the guidance of Professor F. Challenger. He then went to the United States and took the position of research associate with Professor B. Riegel in the chemistry department of Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois until 1951. He then worked at the University of Chicago as a postdoctoral fellow with Professor M. S. Kharasch and thereby began his career in free radical chemistry research. Because of his strong desire to serve his mother country, Dr. Liu made strenuous efforts to return to China, finally suc- ceeding with the help of the Chinese Government in 1954. He accepted the offer from the Ministry of Education to become a chemistry professor at Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province in the northwest region of China in 1955. There, he started his professional career of teaching and research in organic chemistry. After only 2 years, he became the chairman of the chemistry department and remained at that post until 1983, a period of 26 years. During this period, Lanzhou University underwent strong development to become an important educational institution in China. Professor Liu resumed his research in free radical chemistry with only a small group of young col-leagues and graduate students and meager facilities in the middle fifties. Through stupendous effort and hard work, they had estab- lished an excellent center for free radical chemistry research by the early 1980s. 
........     

物理处理刘芳香族聚酰胺纤维自由基的影响──紫外线照射和低温等离子体照射处理

经强极性溶剂二甲基甲酰胺（ＤＭＦ）和二甲基亚砜（ＤＭＳＯ）预处理的芳香族聚酰胺纤维Ｎｏｍｅｘ（ｍ－ＰＩＡ）和Ｋｅｖｌａｒ（ｐ－ＰＴＡ），再经紫外线和低温等离子体处理后，用电子自旋共振（ＥＳＲ）研究了纤维基质中自由基强度的变化．芳香族聚酰胺纤维经紫外线和低温等离子体照射后，在纤维基质中能生成自由基；自由基强度与纤维自身性质及预处理引起的纤维形态变化有关；自由基的稳定性随温度升高而减小；在一定温度下，放置短时间后，自由基趋于稳定．     

化学振荡在分析化学中的应用综述

对近十多年(2000—2014年)化学振荡现象在分析化学中的应用进行全面评述.主要综述了Belousov-Zhabotinsky(B-Z)振荡体系、铜催化振荡体系(如Cu(II)-H2O2-KSCN)和Briggs-Rauscher(B-R)振荡体系在分析中的应用,被测物包含了金属离子、阴离子、气体和各种有机物等.化学振荡分析技术具有检测费用低廉、操作简便、仪器简单、较宽的线性检测范围和较低的检测限等优点,是一种检测物质的新方法.     

A new atmospherically relevant oxidant of sulphur dioxide

Atmospheric oxidation is a key phenomenon that connects atmospheric chemistry with globally challenging environmental issues, such as climate change, stratospheric ozone loss, acidification of soils and water, and health effects of air quality. Ozone, the hydroxyl radical and the nitrate radical are generally considered to be the dominant oxidants that initiate the removal of trace gases, including pollutants, from the atmosphere. Here we present atmospheric observations from a boreal forest region in Finland, supported by laboratory experiments and theoretical considerations, that allow us to identify another compound, probably a stabilized Criegee intermediate (a carbonyl oxide with two free-radical sites) or its derivative, which has a significant capacity to oxidize sulphur dioxide and potentially other trace gases. This compound probably enhances the reactivity of the atmosphere, particularly with regard to the production of sulphuric acid, and consequently atmospheric aerosol formation. Our findings suggest that this new atmospherically relevant oxidation route is important relative to oxidation by the hydroxyl radical, at least at moderate concentrations of that radical. We also find that the oxidation chemistry of this compound seems to be tightly linked to the presence of alkenes of biogenic origin.     

叉毛蓬体外抗氧化活性的研究

从植物中探寻能够清除自由基的天然抗氧化剂是目前天然产物化学研究热点之一,本文研究了新疆藜科植物叉毛蓬的抗氧化活性成分。本研究采用乙醇加热回流法提取叉毛蓬中的有效成分,依次用石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,再分别以DPPH、邻苯三酚自氧化和FRAP三种抗氧化活性分析方法对乙醇粗提物及各段提取物进行抗氧化评价,且与阳性对照抗坏血酸(AA)和叔丁基对苯二酚(TBHQ)进行比较分析,结果表明:叉毛蓬不同溶剂提取物均有清除DPPH自由基、O2-·自由基的能力,也有一定的还原能力,但均弱于阳性对照AA和TBHQ。     

叠鞘石斛多糖抗氧化作用研究

为观察不同浓度叠鞘石斛多糖提取液的抗氧化活性,采用超声提取法提取叠鞘石斛中的多糖;采用分光光度法测定叠鞘石斛多糖对DPPH自由基、羟基自由的清除率以及对Fe2+螯合率的影响,再观察其对脂质过氧化的抑制作用。结果表明,叠鞘石斛多糖对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基具有较好的清除率,对Fe2+也具有很好的螯合率,对脂质过氧化有明显的抑制作用。叠鞘石斛多糖具有较强的抗氧化能力。     

造纸湿部化学参数在线检测及控制的新进展

湿部化学参数的在线分析与检测是湿部化学过程控制的前提．介绍了国际上该领域的一些最新研究进展,并对一些湿部化学参数的测量方法和手段进行了概括分析,这对进一步开发我国的湿部化学的在线检测和过程控制技术,是一个有益的借鉴和参考。     

自由基二元共聚组成曲线的绘制技巧

自由基二元共聚是高分子化学中重要的内容,而二元共聚曲线是教学中的重点和难点.掌握了二元共聚曲线的绘制技巧,有利于学生尽快地掌握教学内容.     

Synthesis of HTEMPO Grafted the Surface of Attapulgite by γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane

1 Results Living free radical polymerization has undergone tremendous advancement in the past few years, particularly in the area of nitroxide mediated free radical polymerization. In 1980s, the use of nitroxyl free radicals such as 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl(TEMPO) to moderate free radical polymerizations was first reported by Rizzardo,et al[1], more and more people began to interested in the polymerization methods which controlled by nitroxide stable free radicals. Recently, some people introduced 4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl -1-oxyl(HTEMPO) to inorganic particles and synthesis organic/inorganic hybrid materials[2]. In our study we grafted of HTEMPO onto the surface of attipulgite which can control the polymerization of styrene.